{"title":"CONCEPTUAL FOUNDATIONS OF THE GREEN AGENDA","authors":"N. Gostieva, K. S. Volkova","doi":"10.48137/26870703_2023_24_4_119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48137/26870703_2023_24_4_119","url":null,"abstract":"Solving environmental problems has been one of the most urgent tasks for both the scientific community and the world’s population in recent decades. Carbon emissions lead to climate change, which, along with environmental pollution, reduces biodiversity, leads to degradation of water and soil. The article discusses theoretical approaches to the green agenda and the resulting practical recommendations on regulating the activities of economic entities. Special attention is paid to the relationship between developed and developing countries, between which the environmental burden is distributed unevenly. Authors also propose ways of economic development aimed at increasing the welfare of the population and reducing the burden on the environment.","PeriodicalId":517339,"journal":{"name":"Geoeconomics of Energetics","volume":"43 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139965191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ENERGY POLICY OF THE EUROPEAN UNION","authors":"D. V. Klimenko","doi":"10.48137/26870703_2023_24_4_101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48137/26870703_2023_24_4_101","url":null,"abstract":"The article provides a retrospective analysis of the development of the European Union’s contemporary energy policy with a focus on green energy. This study also delves into the transformations taking place in the EU’s energy sector under the influence of recent geopolitical dynamics. The article extensively analyzes the factors influencing the EU’s energy policy. Special attention is given to the REPowerEU plan, aimed at increasing the share of renewable energy sources in the energy structure of EU countries. The author discusses the issues of the practical implementation of the REPowerEU plan and the timeline for its deployment. The article also studies the challenges facing the EU in the process of transition to green energy amidst the freeze of long-term energy cooperation with Russia. The author also draws conclusions regarding possible prospects and directions for the future energy transition of the EU in the context of adjusting energy policy. The article addresses the challenges of diversifying energy resource suppliers, enhancing collaboration with other regions, and diminishing reliance on carbon-based energy sources.","PeriodicalId":517339,"journal":{"name":"Geoeconomics of Energetics","volume":"149 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139894845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"PROSPECTS FOR RUSSIAN-IRANIAN ENERGY COOPERATION","authors":"D. V. Kharitonov","doi":"10.48137/26870703_2023_24_4_77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48137/26870703_2023_24_4_77","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the withdrawal of the United States under Republican President D. Trump in 2018 from the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) to resolve the Iranian nuclear crisis, non-Western vector of foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI) (China, India, Russia, Turkey and other states) has strengthened. It became particularly apparent with the coming to power of a conservative president close to the Supreme Leader of Iran, Ebrahim (Ibrahim) Raisi. Seeking to escape the foreign policy isolation and financial and economic sanctions pressure created by the United States and its allies, Tehran is increasingly participating in the activities of major international entities such as the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (Iran became a full member of the Organization on July 4, 2023), the Eurasian Economic Union (Interim Free Trade Agreement is in force) and BRICS (a member of the organization since January 1, 2024).Thus, Iran declares itself as a successfully developing regional center of power. The article pays special attention to the development of energy (with Russia, Turkmenistan and Azerbaijan), transport and logistics projects (with Azerbaijan, a railway through Iran to Nakhichevan) with neighboring countries. Under President Raisi new gas and oil fields were discovered. In the future they will ensure greater production and exports. With Russia, Iran in the medium term plans to realize swap gas supplies to Iran through the territory of Turkmenistan, as well as to create a gas hub on the coast of Makran to export its own and Russian energy carriers to the countries of South and Southeast Asia. The government of I. Raisi pays special attention to the development of the Macran Free Economic Zone (FEZ) and the FEZ of Kish Island. At the same time, this is a significant territory not only in geo-economic, transportation and logistics, but also in military terms: the seaports of Chahbehar and Jask are geostrategic at the crossroads of energy communications of the Middle East and South (and further Southeast) Asia.","PeriodicalId":517339,"journal":{"name":"Geoeconomics of Energetics","volume":"27 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139895586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"KAZAKHSTAN’S ENERGY SYSTEM: RISKS AND OPPORTUNITIES","authors":"E. M. Kuzmina","doi":"10.48137/26870703_2023_24_4_42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48137/26870703_2023_24_4_42","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes the current state of the energy system of Kazakhstan. The main areas of study are electric and thermal power industry. The author identifies the main issues currently existing in the industry and studies the measures taken by the government to overcome them. The actions of Kazakhstan on development of renewable energy sources and green economy are also analyzed. The article examines the dynamics of government actions on the development of nuclear energy in the country.","PeriodicalId":517339,"journal":{"name":"Geoeconomics of Energetics","volume":"52 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139895657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"CHINA’S INVESTMENT ACTIVITY IN THE BRICS COUNTRIES","authors":"D. S. Sokolan","doi":"10.48137/26870703_2023_24_4_6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48137/26870703_2023_24_4_6","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this article is to determine how close China’s investment cooperation is with the BRICS countries and what are the prospects for China’s investment activities in these countries. In recent years, China has consistently ranked among the top three largest investors in the world. Many developed countries are concerned about China’s active investment activity in Europe and Africa. However, despite all the risks from FDI, countries continue to attract FDI, including Brazil and South Africa. In particular, today, due to the tense geopolitical situation, Russia is interested in China’s investments more than ever. The BRICS countries already have their own bank to finance projects within the association, however, it is important to strengthen investment cooperation as well.The results of the study show that the main capital of Chinese investors is accumulated in Brazil, where Chinese investors are attracted by the extractive industry. Almost half as much Chinese FDI was made in Russia as in Brazil, where the country’s energy sector was also the main recipient. Despite the difficult political environment in India, Chinese investors have been gradually increasing investment in the country in recent years. South Africa and Russia are now members of China’s The Belt and Road Initiative, where China directs a significant share of all its foreign investments. Having the greatest financial capacity, China can become a link between the countries by investing in joint projects in these countries.","PeriodicalId":517339,"journal":{"name":"Geoeconomics of Energetics","volume":"45 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139895659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"CHINA’S INVESTMENT ACTIVITY IN THE BRICS COUNTRIES","authors":"D. S. Sokolan","doi":"10.48137/26870703_2023_24_4_6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48137/26870703_2023_24_4_6","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this article is to determine how close China’s investment cooperation is with the BRICS countries and what are the prospects for China’s investment activities in these countries. In recent years, China has consistently ranked among the top three largest investors in the world. Many developed countries are concerned about China’s active investment activity in Europe and Africa. However, despite all the risks from FDI, countries continue to attract FDI, including Brazil and South Africa. In particular, today, due to the tense geopolitical situation, Russia is interested in China’s investments more than ever. The BRICS countries already have their own bank to finance projects within the association, however, it is important to strengthen investment cooperation as well.The results of the study show that the main capital of Chinese investors is accumulated in Brazil, where Chinese investors are attracted by the extractive industry. Almost half as much Chinese FDI was made in Russia as in Brazil, where the country’s energy sector was also the main recipient. Despite the difficult political environment in India, Chinese investors have been gradually increasing investment in the country in recent years. South Africa and Russia are now members of China’s The Belt and Road Initiative, where China directs a significant share of all its foreign investments. Having the greatest financial capacity, China can become a link between the countries by investing in joint projects in these countries.","PeriodicalId":517339,"journal":{"name":"Geoeconomics of Energetics","volume":" 45","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139893335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"PECULIARITIES OF ENERGY TRANSITION IN THE SOUTH CAUCASUS COUNTRIES","authors":"A. A. Markarov, V. Davtyan","doi":"10.48137/26870703_2023_24_4_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48137/26870703_2023_24_4_23","url":null,"abstract":"The authors have identified the problems and prospects of implementing the energy transition from conventional to renewable energy in the countries of the South Caucasus in the context of the challenges of sustainable development. The authors analyzed the concept of «sustainable energy» with the definition of its basic components (security, quality of life, environment). The issues of energy transition are studied in the context of new geopolitical challenges, as well as the UN Sustainable Development Goals. The authors presented the specifics of the development of energy systems of the countries of the region in the context of both energy security and integration challenges. Through comparative analysis, the authors have identified opportunities for effective implementation of energy transition policies in the countries of the region. The article studies the structure of existing capacities of the power systems of Georgia, Armenia and Azerbaijan, which allowed to determine the share of renewable energy in these countries. A comparative analysis of renewable energy development in the countries of the region has been carried out to determine the possibilities of increasing hydro, solar, wind, geothermal and bioenergy components. The authors also assess a number of major renewable energy projects currently being implemented in the region.","PeriodicalId":517339,"journal":{"name":"Geoeconomics of Energetics","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139895341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"VECTORS OF RUSSIAN-MONGOLIAN COOPERATION","authors":"A. A. Mihranyan, D. Dinets","doi":"10.48137/26870703_2023_24_4_55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48137/26870703_2023_24_4_55","url":null,"abstract":"The article notes the dominance of multi-vectorism in Mongolia’s foreign policy at the present stage, which is due to the complexity and contradictory nature of the geopolitical situation, as well as the expectation of increased risks of ensuring the national security of the Mongolian People’s Republic. In this regard, the authorities of the republic are strengthening cooperation with the so-called «third neighbor» (USA, Japan, South Korea, Australia, EU countries, etc.) in the hope of balancing the influence of the two main neighbors: Russia and China.In relations with China, Mongolia’s growing dependence on China in the economic sphere (China steadily retains the first place in the MNR’s foreign trade turnover) raises concerns. Until a certain point, such a role was played by Mongolia’s second neighbor - Russia (more precisely, the Soviet Union, where the republic was integrated practically at the level of union republics), which fully ensured the republic’s economic and political security. When forming the strategy of cooperation between Russia and Mongolia, the Russian side has to take into account the concerns of the Mongolian side: the growing volume of economic cooperation between Russia and China significantly increases Mongolia’s fears about Russia’s inability to resist Chinese influence. In this regard, Mongolia positions the expansion of cooperation with «third neighbors» as an integral part of ensuring its national interests.","PeriodicalId":517339,"journal":{"name":"Geoeconomics of Energetics","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139895459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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