Imaging Science in Dentistry最新文献

{"title":"Fractal dimension, lacunarity, and cortical thickness in the mandible: Analyzing differences between healthy men and women with cone-beam computed tomography.","authors":"Ingrid Garcia Santos,&nbsp;Fernanda Ramos de Faria,&nbsp;Marcio José da Silva Campos,&nbsp;Beatriz Álvares Cabral de Barros,&nbsp;Gustavo Davi Rabelo,&nbsp;Karina Lopes Devito","doi":"10.5624/isd.20230042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5624/isd.20230042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The objective of this study was to assess the fractal dimension, lacunarity, trabecular microarchitecture parameters, and cortical linear measurements in the mandibles of male and female individuals to identify differences between them.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In total, 116 cone-beam computed tomography scans of healthy individuals of different ages (57 men and 59 women, aged between 20 and 60 years) were selected. The following bone parameters were measured: 1) buccal, lingual, and basal cortical bone thickness in 5 standard parasagittal sections (the midline, the left and right sides of the lower lateral incisors, and the left and right sides of the lower canines); 2) the bone volume fraction of 10 sequential axial sections from each patient by creating a volume of interest in the area between the lower canines; and 3) fractal dimension and lacunarity using grayscale images of the same region of the volume of interest in the anterior mandible. Spearman correlation coefficients and the Mann-Whitney test were used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A significant and positive correlation was found between age and cortical thickness, especially in the region of the central incisors. Significant differences between sexes in terms of fractal dimension, lacunarity, and bone volume were found. Women revealed lower fractal dimension values and higher lacunarity and bone volume ratio values than men.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Fractal dimension, lacunarity, trabecular bone volume, and cortical thickness were different between men and women of different ages.</p>","PeriodicalId":51714,"journal":{"name":"Imaging Science in Dentistry","volume":"53 2","pages":"153-159"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b0/96/isd-53-153.PMC10315234.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9858318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ChatGPT and scientific writing: A reflection on the ethical boundaries.","authors":"Thaís Santos Cerqueira Ocampo,&nbsp;Thaísa Pinheiro Silva,&nbsp;Caio Alencar-Palha,&nbsp;Francisco Haiter-Neto,&nbsp;Matheus L Oliveira","doi":"10.5624/isd.20230085","DOIUrl":"10.5624/isd.20230085","url":null,"abstract":"Dear Editors, The new free tool launched in late 2022 known as ChatGPT (Chat Generative Pre-Trained Transformer), is an artificial intelligence (AI) language model that is trained on an extensive database and capable of generating texts on diverse subjects. By means of text messages, ChatGPT establishes a dialog with users to provide informational content and create texts within a wide array of styles. Technically, ChatGPT could be used for scientific writing; however, it is important to reflect upon what makes a manuscript in fact scientific. Is it just a matter of style or, much more than that, is it all the scientific background supporting a clear research question, sound methodological design, irrefutable results, and an evidence-based conclusion? Despite the constant repository feeding through machine learning, the startup OpenAI (San Francisco, CA, USA) responsible for creating ChatGPT has pointed out that even with this vast amount of information, some limitations may compromise its performance, such as the risk of providing incorrect information, producing harmful instructions, and inducing bias. Furthermore, despite its ability to respond to several languages, better results are reported when searching in English. The possibility of humans being replaced with AI seems to be a major concern in the minds of contemporary professionals. Although ChatGPT presents itself as a revolutionary tool capable of mimicking human writing, questions regarding its application in academic scenarios remain unclear. It is important to highlight that the literature on the ethical aspects of using ChatGPT is still scarce; nonetheless, a recent study showed that students are already using it for scientific writing. Therefore, there is an urgent need to discuss and understand the applications and possible developments of ChatGPT in the academic context. It is also necessary to reflect on its ethical limitations to include it more appropriately in daily educational life. Although previous literature may not have specifically studied the application of ChatGPT to tasks associated with dental radiology, the emergence of ChatGPT has brought both excitement and caution. While it seems to have the potential to comprehensively collect, organize, and provide knowledge related to image-based diagnosis, we should not neglect professional judgment and critical thinking, especially when it comes to diagnostic accuracy. Concerns related to language inaccuracy, patient privacy, and data security should also be highlighted when using this tool to communicate sensitive medical information. Therefore, it is essential to have an ongoing and open discussion about the applications and advancements of this new AI language model in oral radiology. There is also a need for further research and development to ensure that ChatGPT can be integrated effectively into the workflows of oral radiologists and dentists. Significant challenges related to the use of ChatGPT in higher education c","PeriodicalId":51714,"journal":{"name":"Imaging Science in Dentistry","volume":"53 2","pages":"175-176"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/58/14/isd-53-175.PMC10315235.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9803145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dental age estimation using cone-beam computed tomography: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Faezeh Yousefi,&nbsp;Younes Mohammadi,&nbsp;Mehrnaz Ahmadvand,&nbsp;Parnian Razaghi","doi":"10.5624/isd.20221226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5624/isd.20221226","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This systematic review aimed to investigate the correlation between chronological age and dental pulp volume in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The literature was searched in 4 databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar). Within each study, the outcome of interest was the correlation (r) between chronological age and pulp volume. A random-effect meta-analysis was conducted. Subgroup analysis was carried out according to sex and tooth type.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 5693 identified studies, 27 fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were selected for meta-analysis. These articles focused on single-rooted teeth (n=21), multi-rooted teeth (n=6), maxillary teeth (n=14), mandibular teeth (n=6), and maxillary and mandibular teeth (n=12). The relationship between chronological age and dental pulp volume was examined in the entire population (r=-0.67), men (r=-0.75), and women (r=-0.77) in single- and multi-rooted teeth. The results of the total population analysis showed a relatively strong negative relationship between age and pulp volume.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study suggested that CBCT is a reliable and repeatable tool for dental age estimation. A strong inverse relationship was observed between pulp chamber volume and age. Further studies on the correlation between chronological age and pulp volume of multi-rooted teeth may be beneficial.</p>","PeriodicalId":51714,"journal":{"name":"Imaging Science in Dentistry","volume":"53 2","pages":"91-99"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d4/d7/isd-53-91.PMC10315230.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10160547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of different metal posts, cements, and exposure parameters on cone-beam computed tomography artifacts.","authors":"Ana Priscila Lira de Farias Freitas,&nbsp;Larissa Rangel Peixoto,&nbsp;Fernanda Clotilde Mariz Suassuna,&nbsp;Patrícia Meira Bento,&nbsp;Ana Marly Araújo Maia Amorim,&nbsp;Karla Rovaris Silva,&nbsp;Renata Quirino de Almeida Barros,&nbsp;Andrea Dos Anjos Pontual de Andrade Lima,&nbsp;Daniela Pita de Melo","doi":"10.5624/isd.20220185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5624/isd.20220185","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study assessed the intensity of artifacts produced by 2 metal posts, 2 cements, and different exposure parameters using 2 cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) units.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The sample was composed of 20 single-rooted premolars, divided into 4 groups: Ni-Cr/zinc phosphate, Ni-Cr/resin cement, Ag-Pd/zinc phosphate, and Ag-Pd/resin cement. Samples were scanned before and after post insertion and cementation using a CS9000 3D scanner with 4 exposure parameters (85/90 kV and 6.3/10 mA) and an i-CAT scanner with 120 kV and 5 mA. The presence of artifacts was assessed subjectively by 2 observers and objectively by a trained observer using ImageJ software. The Mann-Whitney, Wilcoxon, weighted kappa, and chi-square tests were used to assess data at a 95% confidence level (α<0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the subjective analyses, AgPd presented more hypodense and hyperdense lines than NiCr (<i>P</i><0.05), and more hypodense halos were found using i-CAT (<i>P</i><0.05) than using CS9000 3D. More hypodense halos, hypodense lines, and hyperdense lines were observed at 10 mA than at 6.3 mA (<i>P</i><0.05). More hypodense halos were observed at 85 kV than at 90 kV (<i>P</i><0.05). CS9000 3D presented more hypodense and hyperdense lines than i-CAT (<i>P</i><0.05). In the objective analyses, AgPd presented higher percentages of hyperdense and hypodense artifacts than NiCr (<i>P</i><0.05). Zinc phosphate cement presented higher hyperdense artifact percentages on CS9000 3D scans (<i>P</i><0.05). CS9000 3D presented higher artifact percentages than i-CAT (<i>P</i><0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>High-atomic-number alloys, higher tube current, and lower tube voltage may increase the artifacts present in CBCT images.</p>","PeriodicalId":51714,"journal":{"name":"Imaging Science in Dentistry","volume":"53 2","pages":"127-135"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d6/b0/isd-53-127.PMC10315228.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9858317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cone-beam computed tomography-based radiographic considerations in impacted lower third molars: Think outside the box.","authors":"Ali Fahd,&nbsp;Ahmed Talaat Temerek,&nbsp;Mohamed T Ellabban,&nbsp;Samar Ahmed Nouby Adam,&nbsp;Sarah Diaa Abd El-Wahab Shaheen,&nbsp;Mervat S Refai,&nbsp;Zein Abdou Shatat","doi":"10.5624/isd.20220191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5624/isd.20220191","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the anatomic circle around the impacted lower third molar to show, document, and correlate essential findings that should be included in the routine radiographic assessment protocol as clinically meaningful factors in overall case evaluation and treatment planning.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Cone-beam computed tomographic images of impacted lower third molars were selected according to specific inclusion criteria. Impacted teeth were classified according to their position before assessment. The adjacent second molars were assessed for distal caries, distal bone loss, and root resorption. The fourth finding was the presence of a retromolar canal distal to the impaction. Communication with the dentist responsible for each case was done to determine whether these findings were detected or undetected by them before communication.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Statistically significant correlations were found between impaction position, distal bone loss, and detected distal caries associated with the adjacent second molar. The greatest percentage of undetected findings was found in the evaluation of distal bone status, followed by missed detection of the retromolar canal.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The radiographic assessment protocol for impacted third molars should consider a step-by-step evaluation for second molars, and clinicians should be aware of the high prevalence of second molar affection in horizontal and mesioangular impactions. They also should search for the retromolar canal due to its associated clinical considerations.</p>","PeriodicalId":51714,"journal":{"name":"Imaging Science in Dentistry","volume":"53 2","pages":"137-144"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/14/8c/isd-53-137.PMC10315226.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10160550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Appearance of nasopalatine duct cysts on dental magnetic resonance imaging using a mandibular coil: Two case reports with a literature review.","authors":"Adib Al-Haj Husain,&nbsp;Daphne Schönegg,&nbsp;Silvio Valdec,&nbsp;Bernd Stadlinger,&nbsp;Marco Piccirelli,&nbsp;Sebastian Winklhofer","doi":"10.5624/isd.20220215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5624/isd.20220215","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nasopalatine duct cysts (NPDCs), the most common non-odontogenic cysts of maxilla, are often incidental findings on diagnostic imaging. When symptomatic, they usually present as a painless swelling with possible fistula. Conventional radiography shows a round-to-ovoid or heart-shaped radiolucency between the roots of central maxillary incisors. While the radiographic features of NPDCs in X-ray-based modalities have been well described, their magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features have rarely been reported. Developments in dental MRI in recent years and the introduction of various dental MRI protocols now allow a wide range of applications in dental medicine. MRI is becoming an important tool for the detection and diagnosis of incidental or non-incidental dentomaxillofacial cysts. This report presented and discussed the characteristics of 2 NPDC cases visualized on MRI using both conventional and newly implemented specific dental MRI protocols with a novel 15-channel mandibular coil, demonstrating the use of these protocols for radiation-free maxillofacial diagnoses.</p>","PeriodicalId":51714,"journal":{"name":"Imaging Science in Dentistry","volume":"53 2","pages":"161-168"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/9a/7a/isd-53-161.PMC10315232.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10160549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic performance of artificial intelligence using cone-beam computed tomography imaging of the oral and maxillofacial region: A scoping review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Farida Abesi, Mahla Maleki, Mohammad Zamani","doi":"10.5624/isd.20220224","DOIUrl":"10.5624/isd.20220224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of this study was to conduct a scoping review and meta-analysis to provide overall estimates of the recall and precision of artificial intelligence for detection and segmentation using oral and maxillofacial cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A literature search was done in Embase, PubMed, and Scopus through October 31, 2022 to identify studies that reported the recall and precision values of artificial intelligence systems using oral and maxillofacial CBCT images for the automatic detection or segmentation of anatomical landmarks or pathological lesions. Recall (sensitivity) indicates the percentage of certain structures that are correctly detected. Precision (positive predictive value) indicates the percentage of accurately identified structures out of all detected structures. The performance values were extracted and pooled, and the estimates were presented with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 12 eligible studies were finally included. The overall pooled recall for artificial intelligence was 0.91 (95% CI: 0.87-0.94). In a subgroup analysis, the pooled recall was 0.88 (95% CI: 0.77-0.94) for detection and 0.92 (95% CI: 0.87-0.96) for segmentation. The overall pooled precision for artificial intelligence was 0.93 (95% CI: 0.88-0.95). A subgroup analysis showed that the pooled precision value was 0.90 (95% CI: 0.77-0.96) for detection and 0.94 (95% CI: 0.89-0.97) for segmentation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Excellent performance was found for artificial intelligence using oral and maxillofacial CBCT images.</p>","PeriodicalId":51714,"journal":{"name":"Imaging Science in Dentistry","volume":"53 2","pages":"101-108"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ed/1f/isd-53-101.PMC10315225.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10160548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case report of an unusual temporomandibular joint mass: Nodular fasciitis.","authors":"Han-Sol Lee,&nbsp;Kyu-Young Oh,&nbsp;Ju-Hee Kang,&nbsp;Jo-Eun Kim,&nbsp;Kyung-Hoe Huh,&nbsp;Won-Jin Yi,&nbsp;Min-Suk Heo,&nbsp;Sam-Sun Lee","doi":"10.5624/isd.20220175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5624/isd.20220175","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nodular fasciitis (NF) is a benign myofibroblastic proliferation that grows very rapidly, mimicking a sarcoma on imaging. It is treated by local excision, and recurrence has been reported in only a few cases, even when excised incompletely. The most prevalent diagnoses of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) masses include synovial chondromatosis, pigmented villonodular synovitis, and sarcomas. Cases of NF in the TMJ are extremely rare, and only 3 cases have been reported to date. Due to its destructive features and rarity, NF has often been misdiagnosed as a more aggressive lesion, which could expose patients to unnecessary and invasive treatment approaches beyond repair. This report presents a case of NF in the TMJ, focusing on various imaging features, along with a literature review aiming to determine the hallmark features of NF in the TMJ and highlight the diagnostic challenges.</p>","PeriodicalId":51714,"journal":{"name":"Imaging Science in Dentistry","volume":"53 1","pages":"83-89"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e4/23/isd-53-83.PMC10060757.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9609530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cone-beam computed tomography texture analysis can help differentiate odontogenic and non-odontogenic maxillary sinusitis.","authors":"Andre Luiz Ferreira Costa,&nbsp;Karolina Aparecida Castilho Fardim,&nbsp;Isabela Teixeira Ribeiro,&nbsp;Maria Aparecida Neves Jardini,&nbsp;Paulo Henrique Braz-Silva,&nbsp;Kaan Orhan,&nbsp;Sérgio Lúcio Pereira de Castro Lopes","doi":"10.5624/isd.20220166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5624/isd.20220166","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to assess texture analysis (TA) of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images as a quantitative tool for the differential diagnosis of odontogenic and non-odontogenic maxillary sinusitis (OS and NOS, respectively).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>CBCT images of 40 patients diagnosed with OS (N=20) and NOS (N=20) were evaluated. The gray level co-occurrence (GLCM) matrix parameters, and gray level run length matrix texture (GLRLM) parameters were extracted using manually placed regions of interest on lesion images. Seven texture parameters were calculated using GLCM and 4 parameters using GLRLM. The Mann-Whitney test was used for comparisons between the groups, and the Levene test was performed to confirm the homogeneity of variance (α=5%).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed statistically significant differences (<i>P</i><0.05) between the OS and NOS patients regarding 3 TA parameters. NOS patients presented higher values for contrast, while OS patients presented higher values for correlation and inverse difference moment. Greater textural homogeneity was observed in the OS patients than in the NOS patients, with statistically significant differences in standard deviations between the groups for correlation, sum of squares, sum of entropy, and entropy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>TA enabled quantitative differentiation between OS and NOS on CBCT images by using the parameters of contrast, correlation, and inverse difference moment.</p>","PeriodicalId":51714,"journal":{"name":"Imaging Science in Dentistry","volume":"53 1","pages":"43-51"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/12/db/isd-53-43.PMC10060763.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9594440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cone-beam computed tomographic evaluation of the root canal anatomy of the lower premolars and molars in a Brazilian sub-population.","authors":"Jessica Cecilia Almeida,&nbsp;Amanda Pelegrin Candemil,&nbsp;Gunther Ricardo Bertolini,&nbsp;Aline Evangelista Souza-Gabriel,&nbsp;Antonio Miranda Cruz-Filho,&nbsp;Manoel Damião Sousa-Neto,&nbsp;Ricardo Gariba Silva","doi":"10.5624/isd.20220204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5624/isd.20220204","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study evaluated anatomical variations in the root canals of the lower premolars and molars in a Brazilian sub-population using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In total, 121 CBCT images of patients were selected from a database. All images contained lower first and second premolars and molars on both sides of the arch, fully developed roots, and no treatment, resorption, or calcifications. In each image, the root canals of the lower premolars and molars were evaluated according to the Vertucci classification in On-Demand 3D software in the multiplanar reconstruction with dynamic navigation. Twenty-five percent of the images were re-assessed to analyze intraobserver confidence with the kappa test. Data were statistically evaluated with linear regression to evaluate the correlations of anatomic variations with age and sex, and the Wilcoxon test to analyze the laterality of variations, with a significance level of 5%.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The intraobserver agreement (0.94) was excellent. In general, the root canals of lower premolars and molars showed a higher prevalence of type I than other Vertucci classification types, followed by type V in premolars and type II in molars. When the molar roots were evaluated separately, type II was more frequent in mesial roots and type I in distal roots. Although age showed no correlations with the results, sex and laterality showed correlations with tooth 45 and the lower second premolars, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The lower premolars and molars of a Brazilian sub-population showed a wide range of root canal anatomic variations.</p>","PeriodicalId":51714,"journal":{"name":"Imaging Science in Dentistry","volume":"53 1","pages":"77-82"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/6e/63/isd-53-77.PMC10060753.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9594913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}