Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Ground Improvement最新文献_第3页

Comparative Evaluation of Micro-Metakaolin and Ferric Chloride Solution in Stabilizing Expansive Soils 稳定膨胀土中微量偏高岭土与氯化铁溶液的对比评价

IF 1.2

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Ground Improvement Pub Date : 2022-08-11 DOI: 10.1680/jgrim.21.00015

M. Sakr, Wasiem R. Azzam, M. Meguid, Asaad F. Hassan, Hebatalla Ghoneim

{"title":"Comparative Evaluation of Micro-Metakaolin and Ferric Chloride Solution in Stabilizing Expansive Soils","authors":"M. Sakr, Wasiem R. Azzam, M. Meguid, Asaad F. Hassan, Hebatalla Ghoneim","doi":"10.1680/jgrim.21.00015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jgrim.21.00015","url":null,"abstract":"Expansive soils are generally characterized by their volume change when subjected to variation in water content. This may result in significant damage to supported and nearby structures. In this study, the swelling properties of bentonite material as an expansive soil are first determined. The expansive soil is then improved using two different approaches, namely, micro-metakaolin and ferric chloride solution. The optimum percentage for both additives are determined using laboratory experiments. These percentages are found to be 25% and 1% for the micro-metakaolin and the ferric chloride solution, respectively. The free swell index of the bentonite after being treated with micro-metakaolin and ferric chloride solution at the optimum percentages are found to decrease by about 54% and 62%, respectively. Meanwhile, the swelling pressure for the expansive soil decreased by 33% and 43% when mixed with the same optimum values of micro-metakaolin and ferric chloride solution, respectively. Based on the results obtained in this study, the addition of ferric chloride solution achieved better results compared to micro-metakaolin. This improvement technique may be used to enhance the properties of expansive soils that support different construction engineering projects.","PeriodicalId":51705,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Ground Improvement","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82184753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigating the zeolite and bentonite adsorbent effect on the static, dynamic, and environmental parameters of soil 研究了沸石和膨润土吸附剂对土壤静态、动态和环境参数的影响

IF 1.2

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Ground Improvement Pub Date : 2022-08-11 DOI: 10.1680/jgrim.21.00061

M. H. Zade, Mahmuod Hassanlourad, S. .. Naeini

{"title":"Investigating the zeolite and bentonite adsorbent effect on the static, dynamic, and environmental parameters of soil","authors":"M. H. Zade, Mahmuod Hassanlourad, S. .. Naeini","doi":"10.1680/jgrim.21.00061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jgrim.21.00061","url":null,"abstract":"Contamination of soils and groundwater resources has become one of the most serious global environmental problems in recent years. The use of natural and inexpensive adsorbents such as zeolite is one of the appropriate methods to prevent the spread of contaminants and increase the adsorption capacity of the soil. Therefore, in the present study, zeolite is used as an option to improve the soil environmental condition. In this research, the behavior of the mixture of sand with 15% kaolinite clay is investigated at first, in both conditions of non-contaminated and contaminated with lead nitrate. Due to the limited adsorption capacity of the sand containing kaolinite, different percentages of zeolite adsorbent (as 5, 10, and 15 percent of soil weight) were added to this mixture to investigate the adsorption capacity and changes in strength parameters of the soil and adsorbent mixture. These parameters were also compared between zeolite and bentonite adsorbents. According to the results of the atomic adsorption test, zeolite has a favorable effect on increasing the adsorption capacity of heavy metals in soils such that by adding 5% zeolite, the amount of lead adsorption capacity increases by about 70%. Followed by investigating the static behavior and adsorption capacity of different compounds of soil containing adsorbent and without adsorbent, the dynamic behavior of these compounds in both conditions of non-contaminated and contaminated with lead nitrate was studied. The results show that in both contaminated and uncontaminated conditions, the initial shear modulus decreases with increasing zeolite content adsorbent. Also, dynamic behavior shows that in the combination of soil with both types of adsorbents, by increasing the concentration of heavy metal, the cycles corresponding to Ru decreases.","PeriodicalId":51705,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Ground Improvement","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75823921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Stimulated Microbial Growth for Permeability Reductions in Granular Soils 刺激微生物生长降低颗粒土渗透性

IF 1.2

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Ground Improvement Pub Date : 2022-07-07 DOI: 10.1680/jgrim.21.00011

M. Roth, J. DeJong, Jordan Greer, L. Caslake, Doug Nelson, R. Parales

引用次数: 0

Mechanical Response of a Cemented Soil over a Wide Range of Porosities and Cement Contents 大孔隙率和水泥掺量条件下水泥土的力学响应

IF 1.2

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Ground Improvement Pub Date : 2022-07-07 DOI: 10.1680/jgrim.22.00028

Hugo Carlos Scheuermann Filho, N. Consoli

{"title":"Mechanical Response of a Cemented Soil over a Wide Range of Porosities and Cement Contents","authors":"Hugo Carlos Scheuermann Filho, N. Consoli","doi":"10.1680/jgrim.22.00028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jgrim.22.00028","url":null,"abstract":"The adjusted porosity/cement index η/(Civ)a has been showing its usefulness in modelling the strength and stiffness of a variety of artificially cemented soils as it encompasses into a single parameter both the influences of the compactness and of the cement content. That being so, it is theoretically possible to obtain the same mechanical response by establishing a specific η/(Civ)a value, which could be attained by several combinations of porosities and cement contents. Yet, this has not been verified over a wide spectrum of different dosages molded at the same η/(Civ)a value, especially for stiffness data. As a reason, present study addresses this issue by assessing the initial shear modulus and the unconfined compression of different dosages of an artificially cemented soil considering seven η/(Civ)avalues. A minimum of three mix designs were molded within each η/(Civ)a and five specimens were tested for each dosage. Both the stiffness and the strength results were evaluated through Tukey's multiple comparisons tests aiming to check for statistical equivalence of the obtained results within the same η/(Civ)a value. The tests results have revealed statistical differences amongst some dosages assembled with the same adjusted porosity/cement index value. Yet, both the stiffness and the strength outcomes were properly correlated to the η/(Civ)a index, yielding power-type relationships presenting great coefficients of determination.","PeriodicalId":51705,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Ground Improvement","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74961087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

An investigation of the strength evolution of lime-treated London clay soil 石灰处理伦敦粘土强度演化的研究

IF 1.2

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Ground Improvement Pub Date : 2022-06-10 DOI: 10.1680/jgrim.21.00053

Zoheir Kichou, M. Mavroulidou, M. Gunn

{"title":"An investigation of the strength evolution of lime-treated London clay soil","authors":"Zoheir Kichou, M. Mavroulidou, M. Gunn","doi":"10.1680/jgrim.21.00053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jgrim.21.00053","url":null,"abstract":"The paper investigates the effect of hydrated lime on shear strength properties and behaviour of London clay, a soil extensively encountered in construction in the London area and the South Eastern England. Unconsolidated Undrained (UU) tests were performed to identify the effect of lime dosage, compaction water content and curing time on the shear strength and stress-strain behaviour of the treated soil. The mineralogical and physicochemical transformations occurring during the curing stage of the soil were also monitored to support the interpretation of the triaxial testing results and verify hypotheses made on the evolution of the chemical reactions and the development of cementation bonds. The results showed that strengths gain was strongly influenced by lime content and the curing period, whereas the compaction water content was less influential. An interesting finding of practical relevance is that the strength evolution is likely to continue over long periods of time and result in very considerable strength gains upon the hardening of pozzolanic reaction products. At the same time, adequate early strength gains and adequate soil treatment can be obtained with reduced use of material consumption, thus further increasing the sustainability of the treatment processes. The paper has also highlighted the importance for engineering design of considering the brittle stress-strain response of the lime treated soil, and the benefit of using lower amounts of lime to alleviate this undesirable effect. The implications of various aspects of soil brittleness in different situations merit further attention and should be explored via modelling in future work.","PeriodicalId":51705,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Ground Improvement","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82382768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Biochar amendment for improved and more sustainable peat stabilisation 生物炭改进剂改善和更可持续的泥炭稳定性

IF 1.2

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Ground Improvement Pub Date : 2022-05-27 DOI: 10.1680/jgrim.22.00023

S. Ritter, P. Paniagua, Caroline Berge Hansen, G. Cornelissen

{"title":"Biochar amendment for improved and more sustainable peat stabilisation","authors":"S. Ritter, P. Paniagua, Caroline Berge Hansen, G. Cornelissen","doi":"10.1680/jgrim.22.00023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jgrim.22.00023","url":null,"abstract":"Carbon-intensive binders such as cement are traditionally employed to stabilise peat. Few studies have investigated alternative materials such as biochar to improve peat stability while simultaneously sequestering carbon dioxide (CO2). This study explored biochar produced through pyrolysis of clean wood and leaves to stabilize peat from Tiller-Flotten, Norway. Unconfined compressive strength (UCS), water content and pH measurements on biochar, Portland composite cement (CEM II) and peat compositions and a sustainability assessment were conducted. It was found that biochar amendment increased strength and stiffness of peat and cement-stabilised peat. Biochar showed the potential to reduce the cement amount when stabilising peat while retaining geotechnical properties. Peat stabilised with 200 kg/m3 of biochar and 100 kg/m3 of cement exhibited comparable strength (63.3±4.2 kPa, n = 3) as samples with 200 kg/m3 of cement (63.2±1.3 kPa, n = 3), but with a negative carbon footprint. Adding biochar quantities greater than 27% of the cement quantities resulted in a climate-neutral stabilisation. At a carbon price of approximately 85 €/tonne, the biochar costs equalled the cement costs. The cement-only samples outperformed the ones with additional biochar in terms of shear strength/€, while future carbon prices increased the competitiveness of biochar amendments.","PeriodicalId":51705,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Ground Improvement","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86472962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Effect of extended mellowing on strength and swelling behavior of a high sulfated soil 延长软化对高硫酸盐土强度和膨胀特性的影响

IF 1.2

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Ground Improvement Pub Date : 2022-05-16 DOI: 10.1680/jgrim.22.00017

Rubén Alejandro Quiñónez Samaniego, G. Bruschi, H. C. Scheuermann Filho, Mariana Tonini de Araújo, L. Festugato, N. Consoli

{"title":"Effect of extended mellowing on strength and swelling behavior of a high sulfated soil","authors":"Rubén Alejandro Quiñónez Samaniego, G. Bruschi, H. C. Scheuermann Filho, Mariana Tonini de Araújo, L. Festugato, N. Consoli","doi":"10.1680/jgrim.22.00017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jgrim.22.00017","url":null,"abstract":"Troublesome events are related to the stabilization of sulfate-rich soils with calcium-based materials. To overcome these inconveniences, researches have been conducted applying modified and alternative treatments to soils containing low and high sulfate levels. This paper intends to assess the effects of mellowing period (2 and 4 days), Portland cement content (5%, 7% and 9%), density (15.75kN.m−3, 16.60kN.m−3, and 17.50kN.m−3) and curing time (14 and 28 days) on the performance of a clayey soil from the Paraguayan Chaco region containing high amounts of sulfates. A complete factorial design set was carried out to assess the unconfined compressive strength and the one-dimensional free vertical swelling of compacted soil-cement-lime mixtures. Results showed a positive effect of the mellowing period relative to the swelling of the stabilized soil. In addition, the curing period, the amount of cement and the dry unit weight were the most influential factors regarding the unconfined compressive strength. The stabilization method addressed in this research, i.e., extended mellowing combined with lime and Portland cement, seems to be of great importance for practical purposes on the stabilization of soils containing high amounts of sulfates.","PeriodicalId":51705,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Ground Improvement","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76937446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Effects of forepoling, soil nailing and micropiling on the behavior of a two-story tunnel 前挖、土钉和微桩对两层隧道性能的影响

IF 1.2

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Ground Improvement Pub Date : 2022-05-16 DOI: 10.1680/jgrim.19.00093

S. Majidian, B. Alinejad, A. Golshani

{"title":"Effects of forepoling, soil nailing and micropiling on the behavior of a two-story tunnel","authors":"S. Majidian, B. Alinejad, A. Golshani","doi":"10.1680/jgrim.19.00093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jgrim.19.00093","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the effects of three improvement methods, the umbrella arch method (UAM), soil nailing and micropiling, on the performance of a New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM) tunnel in Tehran, Iran. This tunnel passes under Modares freeway, a major artery in Tehran and is part of the Arash Project. The construction of a tunnel with a large, approximately square cross-section on a disturbed soil stratum and the existence of adjacent embedded canals (qanat) have made Modares tunnel one of the most challenging parts of this project. These challenges required the use of a nearly square two-story tunnel. This uncommon square shape was chosen because of limitations caused by adjacent facilities. All combinations of three supporting systems (forepoling UAM, soil nailing and micropiling) were investigated using the numerical method. The influence of these methods on surface settlement and the adequacy of the initial tunnel lining are discussed. In short, Forepoling was the most effective with a 24% decrease in settlement compared to Initial model. Combining the forepoling and nailing systems decreased settlement 37.5% and was the most effective synchronic system. The best results were for the model incorporating all supporting systems, which was a decrease in settlement of 47.5%.","PeriodicalId":51705,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Ground Improvement","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86596943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Alkali-activated system of carbide lime and rice husk for granular soil stabilization 碳化物石灰和稻壳碱活化体系用于颗粒土稳定

IF 1.2

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Ground Improvement Pub Date : 2022-04-07 DOI: 10.1680/jgrim.21.00048

Luci Queiroz, Lucas Luciano Sousa Batista, Laura Mendonça Ponte Souza, Max Deluan Lima, Sarah Danieli, G. Bruschi, C. Bergmann

{"title":"Alkali-activated system of carbide lime and rice husk for granular soil stabilization","authors":"Luci Queiroz, Lucas Luciano Sousa Batista, Laura Mendonça Ponte Souza, Max Deluan Lima, Sarah Danieli, G. Bruschi, C. Bergmann","doi":"10.1680/jgrim.21.00048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jgrim.21.00048","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the utilization of an alkali-activated system to stabilize a granular soil. For the alkali-activated binder, rice husk ash was used as the precursor and carbide lime as the activator. An experimental program was carried out to analyze the strength and stiffness of sand-rice husk ash-carbide lime mixtures. Different binder contents (10 and 20%), dry densities (15.5, 16.5 and 17.5kN/m³), curing periods (7 and 28 days) and Ca/SiO2 ratios (1, 1.5 and 2) were evaluated. In addition, microstructural analyses were conducted on the mixed materials. The increase in binder content, dry density, and curing period led to the improvement of strength and stiffness, while the increase in Ca/SiO2 ratio hindered the mechanical behavior. The statistical analysis revealed that all studied factors influenced the mechanical behavior of soil-binder mixtures. In addition, the condition to obtain the highest strength and stiffness was evidenced in the combination of higher dry unit weight, binder content, curing period, and lower molar ratio. The alkali-activated system was shown to be a promising binder agent for soil stabilization for both strength and stiffness. Finally, two calcium aluminosilicate hydrate structures were identified in the soil-binder mixtures, soulunite and jaffeite, indicating ideal structures for the composition of cement hydrates.","PeriodicalId":51705,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Ground Improvement","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72443327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Mechanical and environmental characteristics of geogrid-reinforced waste foundry sand beds 土工格栅加筋铸造废砂床的力学与环境特性

IF 1.2

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Ground Improvement Pub Date : 2022-02-25 DOI: 10.1680/jgrim.21.00022

B. Chowdepalli, B. K. Karnamprabhakara, B. Umashankar

{"title":"Mechanical and environmental characteristics of geogrid-reinforced waste foundry sand beds","authors":"B. Chowdepalli, B. K. Karnamprabhakara, B. Umashankar","doi":"10.1680/jgrim.21.00022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jgrim.21.00022","url":null,"abstract":"Different waste materials, such as fly ash and bottom ash, slag waste, and construction & demolition waste, have been extensively studied to replace depleting natural granular materials for fill applications. Waste foundry sand (WFS), a by-product from the aluminum metal casting industry, is one such waste material that can be a viable fill material. In the present study, extensive large-scale model experimental studies were performed on geogrid-reinforced WFS beds to understand their load-settlement behavior. Basic characterization studies on WFS included gradation, specific gravity, morphology, chemical composition, and compaction testing. During large-scale model experimental (LSME) testing, the geogrid reinforcement was placed at the optimum placement depth, and the maximum improvement in the load-carrying capacity of the footing resting on the reinforced WFS layer was quantified in terms of bearing capacity ratio. The bearing capacity ratio of reinforced WFS beds was found to range between 1.3 and 2.0 based on the test conditions considered in the study. The reduction in settlement of footing on reinforced WFS bed was also quantified. Additionally, the environmental impact of using WFS in reinforced foundation beds was assessed through leachate tests. The dissolved metal concentrations from leachate studies were found to be within permissible limits.","PeriodicalId":51705,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Ground Improvement","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90735890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0