Science Frontiers最新文献

Anogenital Distance in Male Children with Normal External Genitelia and Those with Undescended Testis: A Comparative Study 外生殖器正常与睾丸未降男童的肛门距离：一项比较研究

Science Frontiers Pub Date : 2024-05-10 DOI: 10.11648/j.sf.20240502.14

Omebe Egwu, EkenzeSebastian Okwuchukwu, Elebute Abiodun, Obasi Aja, Afogu Nwali, Ulebe Obasi, Akpaette Clement

{"title":"Anogenital Distance in Male Children with Normal External Genitelia and Those with Undescended Testis: A Comparative Study","authors":"Omebe Egwu, EkenzeSebastian Okwuchukwu, Elebute Abiodun, Obasi Aja, Afogu Nwali, Ulebe Obasi, Akpaette Clement","doi":"10.11648/j.sf.20240502.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sf.20240502.14","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Anogenital distance (AGD) is a hormone dependent anatomical landmark that serves as a measure of perineal growth. Previous studies have shown that it is shorter in children with undescended testis (UDT) when compared with those with normal external genitalia (NEG). In sub-Saharan Africa, however, there is paucity of information regarding the relationship between AGD and UDT, hence the need for this study. Objective: To determine whether AGD parameters are shorter in children with UDT when compared to those with normal external genitalia. Method: Three AGD parameters were measured using a digital caliper in 86 children (43 with UDT and 43 with normal external genitalia). These parameters include anoscrotal distance (ASD), anopenal distance 1 (APD1) and anopenal distance 2 (APD2). Data was collected over a 12-month period and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (IBM SPSS) version 25 software. Results: Forty-three (43) boys with UDT were matched against the same number of boys with normal external genitalia in our study. There were no statistically significant differences among the two groups in the mean age, height, weight, body-mass index (BMI), gestational age and birth weight. The mean anoscrotal distance (ASD) and ASD index were 39.05±8.14 mm and 2.23±1.17mm/kg for the test group and 44.92±7.81mm and 2.79±1.07mm/kg for the control group respectively. The differences in the mean ASD and the mean ASD index between the test and the control groups were statistically significant with p < 0.05. The mean anopenile distance 1 (APD1) and anopenile distance 2 (APD2) were 77.33±13.09mm and 96.20±8.49mm for the test group and 80.63±10.15 mm and 97.48±12.86mm for the control group respectively. There were no statistically significant differences in the APD1 and APD2 between the 2 groups. Conclusion: The study showed that boys with UDT had consistently shorter AGD parameters than those with well descended testis.\u0000","PeriodicalId":516926,"journal":{"name":"Science Frontiers","volume":" 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140991551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Globalization and Human Mobility: In Pursuit of Labour Improvement 全球化与人员流动：追求劳动改进

Science Frontiers Pub Date : 2024-04-17 DOI: 10.11648/j.sf.20240502.12

Ivonne Bonilla

{"title":"Globalization and Human Mobility: In Pursuit of Labour Improvement","authors":"Ivonne Bonilla","doi":"10.11648/j.sf.20240502.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sf.20240502.12","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this article is to study the causes of human mobility in today's world, starting from the main cause which is the search for better job opportunities to increase their income and improve their welfare, as it is supported by the Neoclassical theory on migration. The questions established in this work to be answered are: What are the main causes of migrations? What have been its repercussions on global society? The study is based on the neoclassical migration theory, which main axis is that there are not only internal migrations, from rural to urban, but also to overseas, which have as their main cause job improvement and increasing their wage. Subsequently, in the topic of migration, economy and employment are the main causes of migration and what it entails are explored in depth, such as technological development in the host country and sending of remittances to the country of origin. In the figure there are five main reasons that are considered to be the most common causes of migrations, highlighting job improvement. Then, in the subtheme of globalization and migration, both phenomena are linked, stating that globalization has done a lot to rise the migration, since, with it, technology, social networks have been facilitated trade relations between countries and the fact that people have the impulse to migrate to always seek their social well-being.","PeriodicalId":516926,"journal":{"name":"Science Frontiers","volume":"132 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140693561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Environmental Taxation and Sustainable Development in Digital Pollution in México 墨西哥数字污染中的环境税收与可持续发展

Science Frontiers Pub Date : 2024-04-17 DOI: 10.11648/j.sf.20240502.13

Reyna Gálvez

{"title":"Environmental Taxation and Sustainable Development in Digital Pollution in México","authors":"Reyna Gálvez","doi":"10.11648/j.sf.20240502.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sf.20240502.13","url":null,"abstract":"Environmental taxation represents an opportunity to encourage technological changes between society and the government, to avoid damage to climate change. The main objective of this work is to contribute to the care of the environment through environmental education, although environmental taxes represent an opportunity to reduce pollution, and some countries are committed to labeling environmental taxes, it would give them greater transparency about the destination of that money raised. Digital pollution has been increasing in recent years, and as a result of the global confinement and isolation of the COVID-19 pandemic, so the UN 2030 Agenda represents a great opportunity to analyze the importance of implementing a fiscal policy environment as a basis for the development of all countries in the care of the environment and sustainable development. The synthetic method was used to analyze the different bibliography in addition to the analytical and documentary method of the proposals of International Organizations and Mexican Laws on the environment. Green taxes must be on the agenda, their implementation and evaluation by governments that translate into federal, state and municipal public policies to advance care for the environment in the future.","PeriodicalId":516926,"journal":{"name":"Science Frontiers","volume":" 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140691389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessment of CD4, CD8 and White Cell Parameters Amongst HIV Seronegative Pregnant Subjects in Port Harcourt, Nigeria 尼日利亚哈科特港艾滋病毒血清阴性孕妇的 CD4、CD8 和白细胞参数评估

Science Frontiers Pub Date : 2024-04-11 DOI: 10.11648/j.sf.20240502.11

Solomon Akevwighome, B. Chinko, Sunday Ojeka, Kinikanwo Green, Datonye Dapper

{"title":"Assessment of CD4, CD8 and White Cell Parameters Amongst HIV Seronegative Pregnant Subjects in Port Harcourt, Nigeria","authors":"Solomon Akevwighome, B. Chinko, Sunday Ojeka, Kinikanwo Green, Datonye Dapper","doi":"10.11648/j.sf.20240502.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sf.20240502.11","url":null,"abstract":"Pregnancy involves maternal immunological adjustments to accommodate the fetus and maintain a strong immune defense against potential pathogens. The present study evaluated the changes in CD4, CD8, white blood cell (WBC) and total lymphocyte count (TLC) amongst HIV seronegative pregnant subjects in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. A total of 302 female subjects (18-39 years) were recruited for the study. They consisted of 205 pregnant subjects and 97 non-pregnant subjects which served as the control. All subjects were screened for HIV type 1 and type 2 using standard test kits. Total and differential white blood cell counts were determined using a haematology auto analyzer while the total lymphocyte count (TLC) was obtained by multiplying total white blood cell count (TWC) with percentage lymphocyte count. The CD4 and CD8 cell counts were analyzed using the automated flow cytometry analyzer while the CD4:CD8 cell count ratio was obtained by dividing the CD4 cell count value by that of CD8. The result of the study shows a statistically significant decrease in CD4 and CD8 cell counts, lymphocyte and total lymphocyte counts and an increase in neutrophil count in all the trimesters of pregnancy when compared to the non-pregnant control (p<0.05). Also, there was a significant increase in WBC during the third trimester and a similar decrease in monocyte count in the first and third trimesters of pregnancy. The evidence from the present study concludes that pregnancy modifies the maternal immune response to ensure fetal survival and the protection of the mother from invading pathogens as reported in the increase in total WBC, neutrophil and monocyte counts and a reduction in TLC, CD4 and CD8 counts. The study recommends routine assessments of these crucial cellular immune markers for pregnant women during antenatal visits.","PeriodicalId":516926,"journal":{"name":"Science Frontiers","volume":"3 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140714915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Household Hazardous Materials Identification and Management Practices Among Residents of Irewole Local Government Area, Osun State, Nigeria 尼日利亚奥孙州 Irewole 地方政府辖区居民的家庭危险材料识别与管理实践

Science Frontiers Pub Date : 2024-02-29 DOI: 10.11648/j.sf.20240501.18

A. Mumuni, Olaniyi Maryam Oyedunsi, Sridhar Mynepalli Kameswara Chandra

{"title":"Household Hazardous Materials Identification and Management Practices Among Residents of Irewole Local Government Area, Osun State, Nigeria","authors":"A. Mumuni, Olaniyi Maryam Oyedunsi, Sridhar Mynepalli Kameswara Chandra","doi":"10.11648/j.sf.20240501.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sf.20240501.18","url":null,"abstract":"Most emerging world contaminants have been linked to improper management of household hazardous materials and are currently receiving global attention due to the threat they pose to public health and the environment. There are guidelines for the entire management of household hazardous materials, but there exist inadequate information on its identification and management practices at household level. Therefore, the present study was conducted to fill the gap. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 346 randomly selected households in Irewole Local Government Area, Osun State, Nigeria. A validated semi-structured questionnaire and observational checklist were used to gather information. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square at p<0.05. Respondents’ mean age was 34.5±12.8 years, 54.3% were female while 66.8% had attained tertiary education. The major hazardous materials observed in most of the houses were laundry and dish washing detergents (94.1%), insecticide (90.7%) and household disinfectants (88.3%). Fifty-nine percent of the participants mentioned open burning as the most preferred method of disposal of household hazardous materials. The mean practice score was 6.4±1.9, 62.0% had inappropriate practices towards household hazardous materials management. Significantly, 78.5% of the respondents with tertiary education had appropriate practice towards managing household hazardous materials than those who had attained secondary (16.9%) and primary education (4.6%). Laundry and dish washing detergents, insecticide and household disinfectants were observed in most of the houses. Also participants were engaged in inappropriate practices for the management of household hazardous waste. Households should have access to hazardous waste management facilities, and educational information and communication materials to improve their management practices.","PeriodicalId":516926,"journal":{"name":"Science Frontiers","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140414743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of Mid-Infrared Irradiation on Amla’s (Phyllanthus emblica) Physicochemical Properties and Acceptability Index 中红外线辐照对阿姆拉（Phyllanthus emblica）理化特性和可接受性指数的影响

Science Frontiers Pub Date : 2024-02-20 DOI: 10.11648/j.sf.20240501.17

Null Umakanthan, Madhu Mathi, Null Umadevi, Null Sivaramakrishnan

{"title":"Influence of Mid-Infrared Irradiation on Amla’s (Phyllanthus emblica) Physicochemical Properties and Acceptability Index","authors":"Null Umakanthan, Madhu Mathi, Null Umadevi, Null Sivaramakrishnan","doi":"10.11648/j.sf.20240501.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sf.20240501.17","url":null,"abstract":"Amla (Phyllanthus emblica), commonly known as Indian gooseberry, is highly esteemed for its nutritional and medicinal properties. It possesses a rich abundance of bioactive compounds and exhibits a wide range of health benefits, including anti-hyperlipidemic, antidiabetic, anticancerous, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, and neuroprotective effects. Amla lends itself to the production of diverse value-added goods such as powder, candy, juice, soup, and oil, offering a convenient and nutritious means of incorporating this fruit into one's daily regimen. Earlier studies suggest that irradiation can have both positive and negative effects on amla, depending on the specific parameters and doses used. Therefore, the primary aim of the present study was to positively enhance the inherent characteristics of amla by employing the safe and effective 2-6 µm mid-infrared rays, thereby further augmenting its value. Our research utilized a water-based atomizer known as the 2-6µm mid-infrared radiation generating atomizer (MIRGA), which was recently developed by us. A panel of sensory experts conducted a thorough assessment of amla both before and after the application of mid-IR radiation. In addition, various analytical techniques, including FTIR, PXRD, TEM, and H1NMR, were employed to further characterize the irradiated amla. The results demonstrated that the application of mid-IR radiation positively influenced the sensory attributes of amla, enhancing its palatability. Furthermore, the findings revealed significant transformations at the atomic, bond, and compound levels. Hence, it can be inferred that the utilization of mid-IR radiation through an economical, easily accessible, and safe technology holds immense potential for elevating the quality of amla.","PeriodicalId":516926,"journal":{"name":"Science Frontiers","volume":"42 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140448987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Phytochemicals and Selected Elemental Analysis of Dioscorea bulbifera Bulbils: An Uncommon Yam in Nigeria Dioscorea bulbifera球茎的植物化学物质和部分元素分析：尼日利亚一种不常见的山药

Science Frontiers Pub Date : 2024-02-20 DOI: 10.11648/j.sf.20240501.16

Victoria Bennett, Bamidele Amos-Tautua, Nimibofa Ayawei

{"title":"Phytochemicals and Selected Elemental Analysis of Dioscorea bulbifera Bulbils: An Uncommon Yam in Nigeria","authors":"Victoria Bennett, Bamidele Amos-Tautua, Nimibofa Ayawei","doi":"10.11648/j.sf.20240501.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sf.20240501.16","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the study was to investigate the biochemical content of Dioscorea bulbifera bulbils, commonly known as Arial yam, collected from Agbura, Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria. Proximate analysis showed 26% moisture content, which is moderate and slightly higher than amount reported in the literature. Ash content was 15.41%, indicating a moderately high mineral content compared to previous reports. The bulbils contained 2.6% protein, 24% carbohydrates, 0.12% fat, and 31.87% fiber respectively. The carbohydrate content suggests that the bubils can be a good source of energy, and the high fiber content is beneficial for digestive health and weight management. Mineral analysis showed 105.48 mg/l Potassium (K), 1.30 mg/l Iron (Fe), 108.11 mg/l Sodium (Na), 11.00 mg/l Copper (Cu), 0.01 mg/l Magnesium (Mg), 0.327 mg/l Zinc (Zn) and 0.02 mg/l Phosphorus. GC-MS spectrum of hexane extract of the bulbils showed 48 different peaks, indicating the presence of 48 bioactive compounds. Some of these bioactive compounds, such as Prenol and 2H-Pyran, 2-(3-butynyloxy)tetrahydro, exhibit antimicrobial properties. This research also revealed that D. bulbifera bubils contain toxic compounds, such as 2-Propenoic acid, 2-propenyl ester, Benzene, 2,4-Hexadiyne, and Toluene. These compounds can be hazardous to the environment and human health, causing irritation, respiratory issues, and other health concerns. Hence, it is crucial not to underestimate the potential toxicity of D. bulbifera bubils. It is imperative to exercise caution and engage in thorough deliberation before considering their use.","PeriodicalId":516926,"journal":{"name":"Science Frontiers","volume":"87 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140448599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Adsorptive Removal of Synthetic Organic Compounds in Aqueous Solutions by Fresh Nipa Palm Fronds 用新鲜聂帕棕榈叶吸附去除水溶液中的合成有机化合物

Science Frontiers Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.11648/sf.20240501.13

P. Adowei

引用次数: 0

Adsorptive Removal of Synthetic Organic Compounds in Aqueous Solutions by Fresh Nipa Palm Fronds 用新鲜聂帕棕榈叶吸附去除水溶液中的合成有机化合物

Science Frontiers Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.11648/sf.20240501.13

P. Adowei

引用次数: 0

Effect of Stress Management Practice on Employees’ Performance: Evidence from Private Higher Education Institutions in Ethiopia 压力管理实践对员工绩效的影响：埃塞俄比亚私立高等教育机构的证据

Science Frontiers Pub Date : 2024-01-18 DOI: 10.11648/j.sf.20240501.12

Edward Lambert, Kanbiro Orkaido

引用次数: 0