Avian diseases最新文献_第3页

Myotendinopathy of Unknown Etiology in Broiler Breeder Males. 病因不明的肉鸡种公鸡肌腱病。

Avian diseases Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1637/aviandiseases-D-23-00083

Jason Sousa, Robin Gilbert, Frederic J Hoerr

{"title":"Myotendinopathy of Unknown Etiology in Broiler Breeder Males.","authors":"Jason Sousa, Robin Gilbert, Frederic J Hoerr","doi":"10.1637/aviandiseases-D-23-00083","DOIUrl":"10.1637/aviandiseases-D-23-00083","url":null,"abstract":"This case series describes an emerging and ongoing lameness condition observed in broiler breeder males in flocks owned by a broiler integrator in the United States between February 2021 and April 2023. The lameness is characterized by an upright, penguin-like posture and gait. Affected flocks are typically 12-22 wk of age at presentation, but birds with similar stance and gross lesions can be observed as early as 1 day of age. Male mortality associated with this condition ranges from 0.01% to 6% per flock. The condition is infrequently observed in pullets from the female line but has not been observed in males (sex slips) from the female line. On postmortem examination, affected birds have bilateral hemorrhage due to a tearing of the iliotibialis muscles and fascia. In one case, a higher proportion of affected birds had unilateral lesions concurrently with broken legs or severe inguinal vaccine reaction. In this case, the affected leg was the weight-bearing leg. Histopathology confirmed the presence of hemorrhage in fascial sheaths surrounding major muscles, in addition to muscle fiber necrosis, edema, fibroplasia, and dissociation of tendon collagen. Bacteriology, histopathology, and clinical presentation identified no factors that were suggestive of an infectious etiology for this condition. No etiology has been established, but a suggested pathogenesis involves excessive biomechanical force resulting in tendon structural stress, leading to separation of tendon collagen fibers and associated muscle fiber stretching, separation, necrosis, and hemorrhage. The condition has been reported in multiple genetic lines, but the role of inheritance in the condition has not been fully evaluated.","PeriodicalId":516846,"journal":{"name":"Avian diseases","volume":"68 2","pages":"156-162"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141422411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Yeast Expressing a Phage Endolysin Reduces Endogenous Clostridium perfringens Ex Vivo in 21-Day-Old Broiler Chicken Intestinal Fluids. 表达噬菌体内溶酶的酵母能减少 21 日龄肉鸡肠液中的内源性产气荚膜梭菌。

Avian diseases Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1637/aviandiseases-D-23-00088

Michael R Barnas, Wendy D Attuquayefio, David M Donovan, Christopher D Skory, Rosemarie W Hammond, Gregory R Siragusa, Jennifer R Timmons

{"title":"Yeast Expressing a Phage Endolysin Reduces Endogenous Clostridium perfringens Ex Vivo in 21-Day-Old Broiler Chicken Intestinal Fluids.","authors":"Michael R Barnas, Wendy D Attuquayefio, David M Donovan, Christopher D Skory, Rosemarie W Hammond, Gregory R Siragusa, Jennifer R Timmons","doi":"10.1637/aviandiseases-D-23-00088","DOIUrl":"10.1637/aviandiseases-D-23-00088","url":null,"abstract":"The phage endolysin PlyCP41 when purified from Escherichia coli exhibits lytic activity against Clostridium perfringens (CP) in vitro. The anti-clostridial activity of PlyCP41 endolysin expressed in transgenic yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) was verified in phosphate buffered saline via mixing experiments with cultured CP and transgenic yeast slurries followed by serial dilution plating and colony counts on tryptose sulfite cycloserine (CP indicator) plates. The transgenic yeast containing PlyCP41 resulted in a log10 4.5 reduction (99.997%; P < 0.01) of the cultured CP. In addition, this serial dilution plating assay was used to demonstrate that transgenic yeast slurries could reduce the endogenous CP content in fluids from three different gastrointestinal regions (proximal, medial, and distal) from 21-day-old broiler chickens. The transgenic yeast treatment of gut slurries resulted in a log 10 1.19, 4.53, and 1.28 reduction in proximal, medial, and distal gut slurries (90% to 99.99% of the endogenous CP; P < 0.01), respectively, compared to nontreatment controls. These results indicate that the phage endolysin PlyCP41 expressed in S. cerevisiae is effective at reducing the endogenous CP in gastrointestinal fluids of broiler chickens. Future studies will measure the anti-CP effect in vivo by administering transgenic yeast to broiler chickens in the feed.","PeriodicalId":516846,"journal":{"name":"Avian diseases","volume":"68 2","pages":"129-133"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141422413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Leucocytozoon Infection Does Not Influence the Survival of Boreal Owl Aegolius funereus Nestlings. 白细胞虫感染不会影响北欧鸮雏鸟的存活。

Avian diseases Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1637/aviandiseases-D-23-00063

Richard Ševčík, Karolina Mahlerová, Fernando A Riera, Markéta Zárybnická

{"title":"Leucocytozoon Infection Does Not Influence the Survival of Boreal Owl Aegolius funereus Nestlings.","authors":"Richard Ševčík, Karolina Mahlerová, Fernando A Riera, Markéta Zárybnická","doi":"10.1637/aviandiseases-D-23-00063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1637/aviandiseases-D-23-00063","url":null,"abstract":"Leucocytozoon infection has been observed to impact the reproductive ecology and physiology of avian hosts, but its influence on nestling survival remains unclear. We investigated the effect of Leucocytozoon infection intensity, determined through triplicate PCR sample analyses, on the survival of 256 boreal owl (Aegolius funereus) nestlings during an 8-yr study. Contrary to our expectations, the survival probability of boreal owl nestlings was not influenced by their Leucocytozoon infection intensity. Nestling age and Leucocytozoon infection intensity in male and female parents also did not impact nestling survival. Instead, food abundance and hatching order were the key factors influencing nestling survival. Additionally, we observed a significantly higher Leucocytozoon infection intensity in male parents compared to female parents and nestlings. We suggest a distinct division of parental roles may lead females and nestlings staying within the nest boxes (cavities) to experience lower exposure to potential vectors transmitting blood parasites than their male counterparts. Our study shows that Leucocytozoon disease may not be lethal for boreal owl chicks, exhibiting a below-average infection intensity compared to their male parents.","PeriodicalId":516846,"journal":{"name":"Avian diseases","volume":"68 2","pages":"134-140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141422343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Circulation and Molecular Characterization of Infectious Laryngotracheitis Virus in Poultry Flocks with Respiratory Disorders in Turkey, 2018-2022. 2018-2022 年土耳其呼吸道疾病禽群中传染性喉气管炎病毒的传播和分子特征。

Avian diseases Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1637/aviandiseases-D-23-00074

Inci Başak Müştak, Hamit Kaan Müştak

引用次数: 0

Mitigation of False Layer Syndrome Through Maternal Antibodies Against Infectious Bronchitis Virus. 通过母体抗传染性支气管炎病毒抗体缓解假层综合征

Avian diseases Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1637/aviandiseases-D-23-00039

Rachel Jude, Ana P da Silva, Adrea Mueller Slay, Renato Luis Luciano, Brian Jordan, Rodrigo A Gallardo

引用次数: 0

Evolution and genomic profile of Salmonella enterica serovar Gallinarum biovar Pullorum isolates from Brazil. 巴西肠炎沙门氏菌 Gallinarum 生物型 Pullorum 分离物的进化和基因组特征。

Avian diseases Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1637/aviandiseases-D-23-00017

Diéssy Kipper, Silvia De Carli, Nathalie de Souza Zanetti, Andrea Karoline Mascitti, André Salvador Kazantzi Fonseca, Nilo Ikuta, Vagner Ricardo Lunge

{"title":"Evolution and genomic profile of Salmonella enterica serovar Gallinarum biovar Pullorum isolates from Brazil.","authors":"Diéssy Kipper, Silvia De Carli, Nathalie de Souza Zanetti, Andrea Karoline Mascitti, André Salvador Kazantzi Fonseca, Nilo Ikuta, Vagner Ricardo Lunge","doi":"10.1637/aviandiseases-D-23-00017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1637/aviandiseases-D-23-00017","url":null,"abstract":"Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Gallinarum biovar Pullorum (S. Pullorum) is a pathogenic bacterium that causes Pullorum disease (PD). PD is an acute systemic disease that affects young chickens, causing white diarrhea and high mortality. Although many sanitary programs have been carried out to eradicate S. Pullorum, PD outbreaks have been reported in different types of birds (layers, broilers, breeders) worldwide. This study aimed to evaluate the evolution and genetic characteristics of S. Pullorum isolated from PD in Brazil. Phylogenetic analysis of S. Pullorum genomes sequenced in this study and available genomic databases demonstrated that all isolates from Brazil are from sequence type 92 (ST92) and cluster into two lineages (III and IV). ColpVC, IncFIC(FII), and IncFII(S) were plasmid replicons frequently found in the Brazilian lineages. Two resistance genes (aac(6')-Iaa, conferring resistance to aminoglycoside, disinfecting agents, and antiseptics (mdf(A)) and tetracycline (mdf(A)) were detected frequently. Altogether, these results are important to understand the circulation of S. Pullorum and, consequently, to develop strategies to reduce losses due to PD.","PeriodicalId":516846,"journal":{"name":"Avian diseases","volume":"68 1","pages":"2-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140874425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Asiatic Acid Alleviates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Myocardial Injury by Promoting Mitophagy and Regulating Mitochondrial Dynamics in Broilers. 积雪草酸通过促进肉鸡线粒体吞噬和调节线粒体动力学减轻脂多糖诱发的急性心肌损伤

Avian diseases Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1637/aviandiseases-D-23-00036

Xiaoyue Pang, Wenyue Qiu, Xinting Zhang, Jianjia Huang, Shuilian Zhou, Rongmei Wang, Zhaoxin Tang, Rongsheng Su

{"title":"Asiatic Acid Alleviates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Myocardial Injury by Promoting Mitophagy and Regulating Mitochondrial Dynamics in Broilers.","authors":"Xiaoyue Pang, Wenyue Qiu, Xinting Zhang, Jianjia Huang, Shuilian Zhou, Rongmei Wang, Zhaoxin Tang, Rongsheng Su","doi":"10.1637/aviandiseases-D-23-00036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1637/aviandiseases-D-23-00036","url":null,"abstract":"Acute myocardial injury (AMI) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) can cause cardiovascular dysfunction and lead to death in poultry. Traditional antibiotic therapy has been found to have many limitations and negative effects. Asiatic acid (AA) is a naturally occurring pentacyclic triterpenoid that is extracted from Centella asiatica and has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer pharmacological properties. Previously, we studied the effect of AA on LPS-induced liver and kidney injury; however, the impact of AA on LPS-induced AMI remained unclear. Sixty 1-day-old broilers were randomly divided into control group, LPS group, LPS + AA 15 mg/kg group, LPS + AA 30 mg/kg group, LPS + AA 60 mg/kg group, and control + AA 60 mg/kg group. The histopathology of cardiac tissues was detected by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. The mRNA and protein expressions related to mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy were detected by quantitative real-time PCR, western blot, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemistry. Disorganized myocardial cells and fractured myocardial fibers were found in the LPS group, and obvious red-blood-cell filling can be seen in the gaps between the myocardial fibers in the low-dose AA group. Nevertheless, the medium and high dose of AA obviously attenuated these changes. Our results showed that AA significantly restored the mRNA and protein expressions related to mitochondrial dynamic through further promoting mitophagy. This study revealed the effect of AA on LPS-induced AMI in broilers. Mechanically, AA regulated mitochondrial dynamic homeostasis and further promoted mitophagy. These novel findings indicate that AA may be a potential drug for LPS-induced AMI in broilers.","PeriodicalId":516846,"journal":{"name":"Avian diseases","volume":"68 1","pages":"25-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140871158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development of a Multiplex PCR Assay for Rapid Differentiation of Fowlpox and Pigeonpox Viruses. 开发用于快速区分鸡痘和鸽痘病毒的多重 PCR 分析法。

Avian diseases Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1637/aviandiseases-D-23-00042

İrfan Özgünlük, Ayfer Güllü Yücetepe, Burak Çetiner, Oktay Keskin, Fuat Özyörük

{"title":"Development of a Multiplex PCR Assay for Rapid Differentiation of Fowlpox and Pigeonpox Viruses.","authors":"İrfan Özgünlük, Ayfer Güllü Yücetepe, Burak Çetiner, Oktay Keskin, Fuat Özyörük","doi":"10.1637/aviandiseases-D-23-00042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1637/aviandiseases-D-23-00042","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to develop a multiplex PCR assay capable of rapidly differentiating two major Avipoxvirus (APV) species, Fowlpox virus (FWPV) and Pigeonpox virus (PGPV), which cause disease in bird species. Despite the importance of a rapid differentiation assay, no such assay exists that can differentiate the APV species without sequencing. To achieve this, species-specific target DNA fragments were selected from the fpv122 gene of FWPV and the HM89_gp120 gene of PGPV, which are unique to each genome. Nine samples collected from unvaccinated chickens, pigeons, and a turkey with typical pox lesions were genetically identified as FWPV and PGPV. The designed primers and target DNA fragments were validated using in silico analyses with the nucleotide Basic Local Alignment Search Tool. The multiplex PCR assay consisted of species-specific primers and previously described PanAPV primers (genus-specific) and was able to differentiate FWPV and PGPV, consistent with the phylogenetic outputs. This study represents the first successful differentiation of FWPV and PGPV genomes using a conventional multiplex PCR test. This assay has the potential to facilitate the rapid diagnosis and control of APV infections.","PeriodicalId":516846,"journal":{"name":"Avian diseases","volume":"68 1","pages":"33-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140873786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Isolation and Genetic Characterization of a Novel Adenovirus Associated with Mass Mortality in Great Cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo). 与大鸬鹚（Phalacrocorax carbo）大量死亡有关的新型腺病毒的分离和遗传特征。

Avian diseases Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1637/aviandiseases-D-23-00069

Kobey Karamendin, Aidyn Kydyrmanov, Yelizaveta Khan, Yermukhammet Kasymbekov, Sardor Nuralibekov, Temirlan Sabyrzhan, Andrey Gavrilov

引用次数: 0

Caught Right on the Spot: Isolation and Characterization of Clade 2.3.4.4b H5N8 High Pathogenicity Avian Influenza Virus from a Common Pochard (Aythya ferina) Being Attacked by a Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus). 当场捕获：从被游隼（Falco peregrinus）攻击的普通鹌鹑（Aythya ferina）身上分离出 2.3.4.4b 支系 H5N8 高致病性禽流感病毒并确定其特征。

Avian diseases Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1637/aviandiseases-D-23-00062

Sun-Hak Lee, Sol Jeong, Andrew Y Cho, Tae-Hyeon Kim, Yun-Jeong Choi, Heesu Lee, Chang-Seon Song, Sang-Soep Nahm, David E Swayne, Dong-Hun Lee

{"title":"Caught Right on the Spot: Isolation and Characterization of Clade 2.3.4.4b H5N8 High Pathogenicity Avian Influenza Virus from a Common Pochard (Aythya ferina) Being Attacked by a Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus).","authors":"Sun-Hak Lee, Sol Jeong, Andrew Y Cho, Tae-Hyeon Kim, Yun-Jeong Choi, Heesu Lee, Chang-Seon Song, Sang-Soep Nahm, David E Swayne, Dong-Hun Lee","doi":"10.1637/aviandiseases-D-23-00062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1637/aviandiseases-D-23-00062","url":null,"abstract":"We isolated a high pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) virus from a common pochard (Aythya ferina) that was being attacked by a bird of prey in South Korea in December 2020. Genetic analyses indicated that the isolate was closely related to the clade 2.3.4.4b H5N8 HPAI viruses found in South Korea and Japan during the winter season of 2020-2021. The histopathological examination revealed multifocal necrotizing inflammation in the liver, kidney, and spleen. Viral antigens were detected in the liver, kidney, spleen, trachea, intestine, and pancreas, indicating the HPAI virus caused a systemic infection. The presence of immunoreactivity for the viral antigen was observed in the cells involved in multifocal necrotic inflammation. Notably, epitheliotropic-positive patterns were identified in the epithelial cells of the trachea, mucosal epithelium of the intestine, and ductular epithelium of the pancreas. These findings provide direct evidence supporting the possibility of HPAI transmission from infected waterfowl to predators.","PeriodicalId":516846,"journal":{"name":"Avian diseases","volume":"68 1","pages":"72-79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140871159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0