Ageing International最新文献

筛选
英文 中文
Health Trajectories of Older Chinese Adults: Gender Disparities and Cohort Differences 中国老年人健康轨迹的性别差异与队列差异
IF 1
Ageing International Pub Date : 2023-01-26 DOI: 10.1007/s12126-023-09520-1
Lanlan Chu
{"title":"Health Trajectories of Older Chinese Adults: Gender Disparities and Cohort Differences","authors":"Lanlan Chu","doi":"10.1007/s12126-023-09520-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12126-023-09520-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates the gender disparities and cohort differences in the health trajectories of older Chinese adults. Drawn on a nationally representative dataset from the 2008–2018 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey, this paper uses a growth-curve model to identify the health trajectories of older adults in functional limitations, chronic diseases, depressive symptoms and cognitive skills. Older women are found to have slightly fewer functional limitations than older men at an earlier age; however, this gap is reversed later because of women’s higher deterioration rate in physical function. Compared to men, older women have more chronic diseases at younger ages, but this trend is changed after age 90 years due to a faster decline rate in chronic diseases for women. The gender gap in the depressive symptom trajectories narrows with age, whereas the gap in the trajectories of cognitive skills widens. The cohort differences favouring later-born cohorts decrease with age in the trajectory of functional limitations. The latest cohort born in 1940 or after has the fastest increase in chronic diseases and depressive symptoms among all the cohorts. These results are further verified using the random-effect model and pooled ordinary least squares. Policymakers should promote gender equality and reduce cohort differences to achieve the national goal of “Healthy China”.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51665,"journal":{"name":"Ageing International","volume":"48 4","pages":"1137 - 1162"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49149719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Back to Basics: The Role of Living Arrangement on Self-Reported Morbidity Among Older Adults in India 回归基本:生活安排对印度老年人自我报告发病率的作用
IF 1
Ageing International Pub Date : 2023-01-12 DOI: 10.1007/s12126-023-09517-w
Pradeep Kumar, Donald R Mawkhlieng, Debashree Sinha, Manoj Alagarajan
{"title":"Back to Basics: The Role of Living Arrangement on Self-Reported Morbidity Among Older Adults in India","authors":"Pradeep Kumar,&nbsp;Donald R Mawkhlieng,&nbsp;Debashree Sinha,&nbsp;Manoj Alagarajan","doi":"10.1007/s12126-023-09517-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12126-023-09517-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>India’s traditional kinship behavior have undergone certain fundamental changes due to recent development and functioning of Indian society. Of all, the most dominant change is in the form of co-residence of children with their parents in old age. Without familial support, falling or no income and poor health, today, older adults are the most vulnerable population sub-group in the total population. Therefore, by using the India Human Development Survey-II, 2011-12 data we study the relevant association of living arrangement on health status of the older adults. Our results indicate that older adults living alone have significant and strong association with adverse health conditions such as Cataract, Hypertension, and Heart Disease. On the backdrop of health variations of older adults, it is understood that among other socio-economic conditions, living arrangement have serious implications on the health status of the older adults. Thus, we strongly support the notion that older adults with proper family care and support are more likely to be in a better health position as compared to those deprived of it.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51665,"journal":{"name":"Ageing International","volume":"48 4","pages":"1121 - 1136"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43646211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
“I Don’t Want to Have the Time When I Do Nothing”: Aging and Reconfigured Leisure Practices During the Pandemic "我不想有无所事事的时间":大流行病期间的老龄化和重新配置的休闲实践。
IF 1
Ageing International Pub Date : 2023-01-11 DOI: 10.1007/s12126-023-09519-8
Ashwin Tripathi, Tannistha Samanta
{"title":"“I Don’t Want to Have the Time When I Do Nothing”: Aging and Reconfigured Leisure Practices During the Pandemic","authors":"Ashwin Tripathi,&nbsp;Tannistha Samanta","doi":"10.1007/s12126-023-09519-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12126-023-09519-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, we contend that urban middle-class older Indians engaged in “serious leisure” as a way to reimagine and reconfigure the structure of everyday life during the pandemic-led epochal downtime. In particular, we heuristically show that leisure activity patterns and constraint negotiation strategies among older Indians followed conceptual semblances with the dominant leisure-based typology of <i>Serious Leisure Perspective</i>. By thematically analysing household surveys (n = 71), time-use diaries and in-depth interviews (n = 15) of middle to upper middle-class individuals (55–80 years), we show how both men and women distinguished between serious leisure that is marked by motivation, agency and perseverance with that of unstructured, routinized free-time (or causal leisure). Time-use diaries suggested that despite the changed realities of heightened domestic time available to both genders due to the pandemic, women recorded higher proportion of their daily hours in household management and caregiving. Although women were governed by moral-cultural self-descriptions in their engagement with leisure, it was often associated with an enhanced sense of self-actualisation, self-management and identity. Overall, we show how the social codes of age and gender were inextricably linked with the practice of leisure during the pandemic.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51665,"journal":{"name":"Ageing International","volume":"48 4","pages":"1099 - 1120"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9146602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Systematic Literature Review (SLR) on Community Support Among the Older Adults 老年人社区支持的系统文献综述
IF 1
Ageing International Pub Date : 2023-01-10 DOI: 10.1007/s12126-023-09518-9
Abdul Aziz Marzuki, Nik Norliati Fitri Md Nor, Siti Masayu Rosliah Abdul Rashid
{"title":"Systematic Literature Review (SLR) on Community Support Among the Older Adults","authors":"Abdul Aziz Marzuki,&nbsp;Nik Norliati Fitri Md Nor,&nbsp;Siti Masayu Rosliah Abdul Rashid","doi":"10.1007/s12126-023-09518-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12126-023-09518-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The number of developed and developing countries globally is steadily increasing due to the advanced development in various fields. Nevertheless, the development of a country can cause the nation to face an ageing population with a sizeable older adult population due to demographic changes. The changes in the overall demographics have resulted in shifting the role of providing support and care for older adults to the local community. The significant population of older adults and higher demand for older adults’ support and care have caused the shift in caring for them. Hence, this study aimed to investigate community support for senior citizens in this country through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) of previous research papers. This study utilised the SLR method according to the publication standard of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) by reviewing various research and survey designs. The findings from 14 articles highlighted the forms of community support and the role of the community towards older adults. This literature analysis is critical and valuable for future research to understand the relationship between support for older adults and the well-being of older adults.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51665,"journal":{"name":"Ageing International","volume":"48 4","pages":"1086 - 1098"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42144255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Study on Mental Health Service Needs among Older Adults and the Policy Response in China: Experiences in Urban Shanghai 中国老年人心理健康服务需求及政策响应研究——以上海城市为例
IF 1
Ageing International Pub Date : 2023-01-05 DOI: 10.1007/s12126-022-09516-3
Honglin Chen, Yanyan Chen, Yan Wang, Hongtu Chen, Levkoff Sue, Tianshu Pan, Yuanyuan Wang, Yanling He
{"title":"A Study on Mental Health Service Needs among Older Adults and the Policy Response in China: Experiences in Urban Shanghai","authors":"Honglin Chen,&nbsp;Yanyan Chen,&nbsp;Yan Wang,&nbsp;Hongtu Chen,&nbsp;Levkoff Sue,&nbsp;Tianshu Pan,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Wang,&nbsp;Yanling He","doi":"10.1007/s12126-022-09516-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12126-022-09516-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Despite increasing awareness of mental health problems among older adults, limited mental health services are available to meet their needs. The proposed study aimed to evaluate the need for mental health services among older adults in Shanghai, China, and identify gaps in the existing service system to inform policy making. Based on 80 face-to-face interviews amongst several groups of older adults and community officers, doctors and government stakeholders, the study found that (a) the mental health needs of older adults living with family members mainly present as needs for social interaction, sense of belonging, and self-realization; (b) special groups, such as older adults living alone, mainly desire support to address loneliness, older adults with physical disabilities desire social respect, and those with mental disabilities seek social acceptance; and (c) community cadres and other stakeholders have paid little attention to demands related to mental well-being among older people. It is necessary to deliver mental health education to community stakeholders and the public, popularize mental health knowledge, and publicize professional psychological counseling and treatment services. Meanwhile, policy makers should allocate resources to train professional mental health services personnel to meet these growing mental health needs and increase financial support for mental health services for older adults.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51665,"journal":{"name":"Ageing International","volume":"48 4","pages":"1063 - 1085"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12126-022-09516-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43150574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Relationship Between Health Professionals’ Attitudes Towards the Older People and Personality Traits 卫生专业人员对老年人的态度与人格特质的关系
IF 1
Ageing International Pub Date : 2022-12-19 DOI: 10.1007/s12126-022-09515-4
Dilek Baykal, Necmiye Comlekci̇, Gulbeyaz Can
{"title":"The Relationship Between Health Professionals’ Attitudes Towards the Older People and Personality Traits","authors":"Dilek Baykal,&nbsp;Necmiye Comlekci̇,&nbsp;Gulbeyaz Can","doi":"10.1007/s12126-022-09515-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12126-022-09515-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>As in the whole world, the older population is increasing in Turkey as well. They get older, people need more healthcare. Therefore, it communicates more with health professionals. This study examines the relationship between attitudes of health professionals toward older people and personality traits of health professionals affecting these attitudes. Quantitative cross-sectional and correlational design was used in this study. Between February 2019–2020, a total of 235 health professionals working in 2 research hospitals completed a questionnaire of Kogan’s Attitudes Toward Old People Scale and The Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised/Abbreviated Form. The study group was consisted of health professionals with 27.38 ± 5.6 years mean age. It was found that health professionals showed extraversion personality traits, and their attitudes towards the older people were positive (98.19 ± 14.18). It was determined that female health professionals displayed extraversion personality traits compared to men, and their attitudes towards the older people was within the edge of positive. It was found that those with 1–4 years of working duration and poor income had neuroticism personality trait, and those with poor income had negative attitudes towards older people. In general, health professionals’ attitudes and behaviors towards older people are positive. Personality traits and some socio-demographic characteristics may be effective in attitudes and behaviors towards older people. During the training of health professionals, the issues of attitude to older patient should be emphasized. The education they receive can affect their attitude towards the patient.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51665,"journal":{"name":"Ageing International","volume":"48 4","pages":"1049 - 1062"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47490862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Perceived Adequacy of Material Support Systems Available to the Childless Older Adults in Southeastern Nigeria: Implications for Social Workers 尼日利亚东南部无子女老年人可获得的物质支持系统的充分性:对社会工作者的影响
IF 1
Ageing International Pub Date : 2022-12-08 DOI: 10.1007/s12126-022-09514-5
Samuel O. Ebimgbo, Chinwe U. Nnama-Okechukwu, Chinyere E. Onalu, Agha A. Agha
{"title":"Perceived Adequacy of Material Support Systems Available to the Childless Older Adults in Southeastern Nigeria: Implications for Social Workers","authors":"Samuel O. Ebimgbo,&nbsp;Chinwe U. Nnama-Okechukwu,&nbsp;Chinyere E. Onalu,&nbsp;Agha A. Agha","doi":"10.1007/s12126-022-09514-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12126-022-09514-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Children are considered as social and economic safety nets for their elderly parents in many developing countries, including Nigeria. This perception is driven by the fact that state-sponsored welfare systems are almost non-existent thereby placing parents as the sole care providers for their young children, and grown children as the sole care providers for their older parents. What this may mean for older people without children is that they are left with inadequate material support which could affect their well-being and life satisfaction. This study examines the adequacy of material support systems for childless older adults in southeast Nigeria with the aim to inform policy and social work interventions to ensure adequate support for the older adults. Twelve childless older adults aged 75 and older partook in the in-depth interview. The collected data was analyzed thematically. Except for the government support system, childless older adults receive material support from the networks of family, community, and churches. However, the support available from these networks seems to be inadequate and irregular. The study recommends for the political will by government to ensure that the newly approved national policy on ageing benefits older adults. Social workers are highly needed to ensure that other necessary programmes are established, and also strengthen the systems that support older adults.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51665,"journal":{"name":"Ageing International","volume":"48 4","pages":"1028 - 1048"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49453596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Active Aging and Well-being of Older Northern Women in Finland 芬兰北部老年妇女的积极老龄化和福祉
IF 1
Ageing International Pub Date : 2022-12-08 DOI: 10.1007/s12126-022-09513-6
Tuula Heinonen, Heli Valokivi, Hai Luo
{"title":"Active Aging and Well-being of Older Northern Women in Finland","authors":"Tuula Heinonen,&nbsp;Heli Valokivi,&nbsp;Hai Luo","doi":"10.1007/s12126-022-09513-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12126-022-09513-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Ageing among older Northern Finnish women was the subject of this qualitative study where community-based group interviews were held to learn about the experiences and views of 36 women about the activities that they thought helped them to remain active and well. Focus group discussions and self-produced drawings were used as methods to elicit ideas and experiences about what active ageing meant to those who participated. Manual thematic coding and collective analysis of the themes from group data were applied. The study participants identified outdoor pursuits and experiences in natural environments as well as group activities that they thought contributed to active ageing and well-being in older age. Nordic pole walking, berry picking, balancing time alone and gathering with others were featured in these group discussions, as were cultural aspects, such as <i>sisu</i>, that played a role in motivating the participants. The participants also provided some suggestions for ageing actively and maintaining well-being as women aged. The results of this study have implications for policies and services that promote active ageing and well-being of older women and for the development of culturally relevant local and national programs and activities.</p>","PeriodicalId":51665,"journal":{"name":"Ageing International","volume":"48 4","pages":"1011 - 1027"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45800296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Environmental and Caregivers-Related Factors Influencing the Psychosocial Well-Being of Older Adults with Dementia: A Systematic Review 环境和照顾者相关因素影响老年痴呆患者的社会心理健康:一项系统综述
IF 1
Ageing International Pub Date : 2022-11-14 DOI: 10.1007/s12126-022-09512-7
Mohammad Rababa, Ayham Aldrawsheh, Audai A. Hayajneh, Ayat Da’seh
{"title":"Environmental and Caregivers-Related Factors Influencing the Psychosocial Well-Being of Older Adults with Dementia: A Systematic Review","authors":"Mohammad Rababa,&nbsp;Ayham Aldrawsheh,&nbsp;Audai A. Hayajneh,&nbsp;Ayat Da’seh","doi":"10.1007/s12126-022-09512-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12126-022-09512-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Dementia is caused by neurological problems resulting in a deterioration in cognitive functions; it negatively affects all aspects of life in older adults. However, there are few research studies examining the health outcomes of people with dementia (PWD). To analyze previous research on environmental and caregiver-related factors influencing the psychological and behavioral well-being of PWD residing in community or nursing home settings. A systematic review method was used. An electronic search was conducted in June 2021 using several electronic research databases, limited to the years between 2016 and 2021, and restricted by abstract and full text, English language, and the combination of keywords. Two researchers independently selected and screened the articles based on the eligibility criteria. The articles were summarized according to aim, design, sample size, setting, instruments, and main findings. An analysis of previous research on the impact of physical and social environment and caregiver-related factors on the psychosocial and behavioral outcomes of PWD was performed. The reviewed studies indicated a significant correlation between environmental factors, mental health, quality of life (QoL), positive and negative affectivity, and agitation in PWD; those who lived in their own homes or in a similar setting had higher levels of social interactions with relatives and caregivers and higher QoL. The communication between PWD and their caregivers was also highlighted, as it helped reduce aggressiveness, anxiety, depression, and isolation among PWD. Moreover, many caregiver-related factors, including financial and social burdens, correlated negatively with their quality of care.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51665,"journal":{"name":"Ageing International","volume":"48 4","pages":"999 - 1010"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42919062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Association between Physical Frailty and Psycho-Social Health in Determining Geriatric Health-Related Quality of Life in Rural West Bengal, India 身体虚弱和心理社会健康在决定印度西孟加拉邦农村老年人健康相关生活质量中的关系
IF 1.5
Ageing International Pub Date : 2022-11-03 DOI: 10.1007/s12126-022-09511-8
Sayani Das, Susmita Mukhopadhyay, Barun Mukhopadhyay
{"title":"The Association between Physical Frailty and Psycho-Social Health in Determining Geriatric Health-Related Quality of Life in Rural West Bengal, India","authors":"Sayani Das,&nbsp;Susmita Mukhopadhyay,&nbsp;Barun Mukhopadhyay","doi":"10.1007/s12126-022-09511-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12126-022-09511-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The association of physical frailty and psycho-social health is well established. However, it appears no study on the interaction of these conditions in determining the Health-related Quality of Life (HRQoL) has yet been attempted in India. Hence, present study aims to investigate the interaction effects of physical frailty and psycho-social health in determining the HRQoL. A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 500 community-dwelling rural older adults from West Bengal, India. The modified Fried’s Frailty instrument was assessed physical frailty status. Psycho-social characteristics investigated were depression, anxiety and stress using the 21-item DASS instrument, loneliness using the UCLA Loneliness instrument, and cognitive function using the Mini-Mental State Examination instrument. HRQoL was assessed by the 36-items Short Form health survey questionnaire. Overall prevalence of frail, pre-frail and non-frail was 26.2%, 60.2%, and 13.6%, respectively. One-way ANOVA highlighted that mean scores of psycho-social traits are significantly differed among different physical frailty status groups (p &lt; 0.01). All the participants were clustered with their psycho-social characteristics instrument scores as clustering variables using Hierarchical Cluster Analysis to understand psycho-social health of the participants. Two-way ANCOVA showed significant interaction of physical frailty status (frail, pre-frail and non-frail) and empirically occurring clusters of psycho-social health (low, moderate and good) in determining the overall HRQoL [F(8,491) = 8.904,p &lt; 0.01]. Thus, the study findings suggest that consideration of physical frailty and psycho-social health status will be a prudent approach for a better diagnosis of HRQoL and challenges related to the same.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51665,"journal":{"name":"Ageing International","volume":"48 3","pages":"984 - 998"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41604686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
相关产品
×
本文献相关产品
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信