Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development最新文献_第4页

Constructing a toilet standard system for the toilet revolution in China 构建中国厕所革命的厕所标准体系

Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI: 10.2166/washdev.2024.083

Shikun Cheng, Ziwang Ye, Xinying Li, Musa Manga, C. Dórea, Zhengxian Chen, Zifu Li, Xiaolei Ma, Heinz-Peter Mang, Tianxin Li

{"title":"Constructing a toilet standard system for the toilet revolution in China","authors":"Shikun Cheng, Ziwang Ye, Xinying Li, Musa Manga, C. Dórea, Zhengxian Chen, Zifu Li, Xiaolei Ma, Heinz-Peter Mang, Tianxin Li","doi":"10.2166/washdev.2024.083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2024.083","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Access to adequate and secure sanitation to prevent and reduce disease occurrence and improve people's health has been a longstanding global concern. Toilet standardization is immensely important for the promotion of sanitation in China. At present, China has more than 200 toilet-related standards, including national, industrial, provincial, association, and enterprise standards. In addition, there are many existing problems of the standard system, such as standards lagging, standards deficiency, and cross-repetition of standards content. This study analyzed the toilet standards utilizing a six-dimensional structure of the standardized system engineering methodology. A framework for the toilet standard system, which consists of six components, is proposed: basic general standard, public toilet standard, household toilet standard, toilet hardware standard, environmental health and safety standard, and toilet accessory standard and standard toilet peripherals. Additionally, the study suggests approaches for improving standardization including cultivating and developing association and enterprise standards, establishing a standardization technical committee, strengthening standard publicizing and implementation, and linkages with international standards.","PeriodicalId":516652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140718380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Surface water contamination with Acanthamoeba spp. in Ilam city, Iran 伊朗伊拉姆市的地表水受到阿卡阿米巴属的污染

Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development Pub Date : 2024-04-05 DOI: 10.2166/washdev.2024.153

Azadeh Ghadesi, Hamid Hasanpour, R. Naserifar, Jahangir Abdi, M. Mahmoudi, H. Turki, O. Raiesi, Muhammad Ibrahim Getso, Asad Mirzaei

{"title":"Surface water contamination with Acanthamoeba spp. in Ilam city, Iran","authors":"Azadeh Ghadesi, Hamid Hasanpour, R. Naserifar, Jahangir Abdi, M. Mahmoudi, H. Turki, O. Raiesi, Muhammad Ibrahim Getso, Asad Mirzaei","doi":"10.2166/washdev.2024.153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2024.153","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Acanthamoeba, a widely distributed free-living amoeba with 20 genotypes identified through rRNA gene sequencing, exhibits varying degrees of pathogenicity influenced by its genotype. This study focuses on assessing the prevalence of Acanthamoeba species in the surface waters of Ilam, located in western Iran, utilizing morphological analysis and sequencing of the 18S rRNA gene through the PCR method. A total of 50 water samples were collected from various regions within Ilam city, situated in the southwest of Iran. To isolate Acanthamoeba parasites from the samples, a culture method was used, and all utilized culture media were scrutinized through microscopic and molecular techniques. The parasite's genotype was determined by sequencing a 500-bp fragment of the 18S rRNA gene. Using microscopic and molecular methods, 19 and 16 water samples tested positive, respectively. The 18S rRNA sequences revealed that the isolates belonged to the T4, T2, and T11 genotypes. This study emphasizes the presence and inclination for close contact with highly pathogenic genotypes of Acanthamoeba in the surface waters of Ilam City.","PeriodicalId":516652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140738051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Beyond a facility: water, sanitation and hygiene service levels and informal social accountability in childcare centres in informal settlements 设施之外：非正规住区儿童保育中心的水、环境卫生和个人卫生服务水平以及非正规社会问责制

Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development Pub Date : 2024-03-28 DOI: 10.2166/washdev.2024.177

Ivy Chumo, Caroline W. Kabaria, Penelope A. Phillips-Howard, Hellen Gitau, Helen Elsey, B. Mberu

{"title":"Beyond a facility: water, sanitation and hygiene service levels and informal social accountability in childcare centres in informal settlements","authors":"Ivy Chumo, Caroline W. Kabaria, Penelope A. Phillips-Howard, Hellen Gitau, Helen Elsey, B. Mberu","doi":"10.2166/washdev.2024.177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2024.177","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Growing up in a safe environment is every child's right. Access to clean water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) services not only keep children thriving, but also gives them a healthier start in life. Social accountability is potentially a contributor to improved WASH services in childcare centres. This study assessed the association between informal social accountability mechanisms (iSAMs) and the levels in the WASH service ladder in childcare centres. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with childcare providers in Korogocho and Viwandani in Nairobi, Kenya. We explored the association between the WASH service ladder variables (dependent variable) and iSAM (independent variable), using multinomial regression with a robust error variance estimator. Access to basic WASH was relatively higher on the measurement ladder in childcare centres in Korogocho than in Viwandani. A higher proportion of centres had access to basic WASH services compared to limited and no services in both study sites. In the model comparing basic service vs no facility/services, participants who used rewards, sanctions and responsiveness (versus not used) in sanitation services were more likely to have basic services. Data contribute towards a significant understanding of the role of iSAMs as a key component for strengthening WASH service delivery in childcare centres.","PeriodicalId":516652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140369035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tolerance of free-floating aquatic macrophytes to sugarcane vinasse and its implications for phytoremediation strategies 自由漂浮的水生大型植物对甘蔗渣的耐受性及其对植物修复战略的影响

Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development Pub Date : 2024-03-22 DOI: 10.2166/washdev.2024.240

Luís Fernando Pereira de Brito, E. L. Espíndola, A. P. Ogura

引用次数: 0

Experiences of community-based water supply organizations partnerships in rural areas of Colombia 哥伦比亚农村地区社区供水组织伙伴关系的经验

Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development Pub Date : 2024-03-12 DOI: 10.2166/washdev.2024.246

Carolina Blanco-Moreno, Jorge Amaya-Domínguez, Andrea Yolima Bernal-Pedraza

{"title":"Experiences of community-based water supply organizations partnerships in rural areas of Colombia","authors":"Carolina Blanco-Moreno, Jorge Amaya-Domínguez, Andrea Yolima Bernal-Pedraza","doi":"10.2166/washdev.2024.246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2024.246","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Clean water for human consumption in rural areas of Latin America and the Caribbean is usually provided by community-based water supply organizations (CBWSOs). Collaborative partnerships with community-based water supply organizations (CBWSOPs) are established to tackle technical and institutional challenges concerning safe water supply. This article analyses some features of the CBWSOs and their partnerships, based on the experience of ACUANARIÑO and ASDAL – Tres Esquinas, two CBWSOs located in Valle del Cauca – Colombia, following their participation at the local, municipal (ASOOCSAS Tuluá), subnational (Asociación de Organizaciones Comunitarias Prestadoras de Servicios Públicos de Agua y Saneamiento de Colombia (AQUACOL)), national (COCSASCOL), and transnational levels (CLOCSAS). The main findings of this work, after using a participatory approach, are that initial partnerships between CBWSOs emerge from informal agreements built on the neighbourhood logic typical of rurality; however, as moving towards higher scales, agreements become more formal to allow for dialogue and discussion with governmental organizations in the water and sanitation sector. This is also a strategy for the recognition of community water management. Thus, CBWSOPs are construed under a collaborative and non-profit approach, in the manner of water operator partnerships.","PeriodicalId":516652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140248146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Menstrual hygiene management in the remote rural highlands of eastern Indonesia 印度尼西亚东部偏远农村高地的经期卫生管理

Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development Pub Date : 2024-03-07 DOI: 10.2166/washdev.2024.183

I. Assa, D. Bouway, Herbert Innah, Frans Asmuruf, Anike Bowaire, Agustina Yufuai, Maria Hukubun, Olivia Sawias, Widyawati Ratnasariani, D. Daniel

{"title":"Menstrual hygiene management in the remote rural highlands of eastern Indonesia","authors":"I. Assa, D. Bouway, Herbert Innah, Frans Asmuruf, Anike Bowaire, Agustina Yufuai, Maria Hukubun, Olivia Sawias, Widyawati Ratnasariani, D. Daniel","doi":"10.2166/washdev.2024.183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2024.183","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Menstrual Hygiene Management (MHM) is essential for women's health, but it is often regarded as a taboo topic. This study investigates the practice of MHM in rural and remote Indonesian highlands. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 492 adolescent girls and adult women in the Jayawijaya and Central Mamberamo Districts of Papua Province. Principal component analysis and multiple regression analyses were used to examine the relationships among the respondents' knowledge, attitudes, and MHM practices. The perception that discussing MHM is taboo exists in this area, and certain cultural rituals are associated with a young girl's first period. The respondents have moderate knowledge and attitudes regarding MHM. Furthermore, their practices after using sanitary pads are unhygienic, and may increase the risk of reproductive tract infections, and may pollute the environment. Some variables are positively associated with appropriate MHM practice, namely knowledge of MHM, the perception that menstruation must be kept private, and the importance of using sanitary pads. Finally, the results show that schools do not provide a supportive environment for girls during their period. Overall, there is a need to increase MHM knowledge and foster positive attitudes to enhance healthy MHM among women in the rural and remote highlands of Indonesia.","PeriodicalId":516652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140259738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Relation of organic fractions in fresh and stored fecal sludge and foodwaste to biogas production 新鲜和储存的粪便污泥和食物垃圾中的有机成分与沼气生产的关系

Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development Pub Date : 2024-03-06 DOI: 10.2166/washdev.2024.319

Nida Maqbool, S. Sam, Sher Jamal Khan, L. Strande

{"title":"Relation of organic fractions in fresh and stored fecal sludge and foodwaste to biogas production","authors":"Nida Maqbool, S. Sam, Sher Jamal Khan, L. Strande","doi":"10.2166/washdev.2024.319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2024.319","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 There is limited understanding of the potential for anaerobic digestion and biogas production from fecal sludge. In this study, biomethane potential (BMP) tests from fresh, stored, and dewatered fecal sludge, together with co-digestion with fresh foodwaste, revealed that fresh fecal sludge produced similar cumulative biogas (CBG) to fresh foodwaste (615–627 mL/gVS), while stored fecal sludge showed a wide range of gas production (13–449 mL/gVS). Co-digestion significantly enhanced the CBG production of fresh (1.2×), dewatered (1.5×), and stored (29–36×) fecal sludge. In BMP tests with the higher range of gas production, a biphasic CBG production was observed, with degradation of readily biodegradable organics occurring during the first week. The first-order rate coefficients indicated hydrolysis limitation, which was also confirmed by the presence of slow-growing methanogens (Halobacterota). Priming with co-digestion significantly enhanced CBG from stored fecal sludge. The physical–chemical metrics VS/TS and TOC/TN were not predictors of biogas production, while BOD/COD and sCOD were better indicators, suggesting that metrics of stabilization representing biologically available fractions are more representative than metrics of entire pools of organic matter. This study suggests that biogas production from anaerobic digestion is viable for fresh fecal sludge, whereas for stored fecal sludge, this requires co-treatment or pretreatment.","PeriodicalId":516652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140262800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Water and food insecurity and linkages with physical and sexual intimate partner violence among urban refugee youth in Kampala, Uganda: cross-sectional survey findings 乌干达坎帕拉城市难民青年的水和粮食不安全状况及其与身体暴力和亲密伴侣性暴力之间的联系：横断面调查结果

Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.2166/washdev.2024.298

Carmen H. Logie, Moses Okumu, Lauren Tailor, L. Taing, C. Dórea, Lawrence Mbuagbaw, R. Hakiza, Daniel Kibuuka-Musoke, Brenda Katisi, Aidah Nakitende, Peter Kyambadde, Frannie MacKenzie, Zerihun Admassu

{"title":"Water and food insecurity and linkages with physical and sexual intimate partner violence among urban refugee youth in Kampala, Uganda: cross-sectional survey findings","authors":"Carmen H. Logie, Moses Okumu, Lauren Tailor, L. Taing, C. Dórea, Lawrence Mbuagbaw, R. Hakiza, Daniel Kibuuka-Musoke, Brenda Katisi, Aidah Nakitende, Peter Kyambadde, Frannie MacKenzie, Zerihun Admassu","doi":"10.2166/washdev.2024.298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2024.298","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Water insecurity (WI) and food insecurity (FI), each associated with violence exposure, are understudied in urban humanitarian settings. We conducted a cross-sectional survey with urban refugee youth in Kampala, Uganda to examine: (a) social-ecological correlates of WI, FI, and concurrent FI and WI; (b) associations between WI and FI with recent sexual and physical intimate partner violence (IPV); and (c) associations between an Index of Vulnerability (IoV) comprised of social-ecological stressors (e.g., FI, WI) and recent physical/sexual IPV. Among participants (n = 340; mean age: 21.1 years, standard deviation: 2.6) almost half (47.8%) reported WI and two-thirds (65.0%) FI. In adjusted analyses, time in Uganda, age, and insecure housing were associated with increased odds of WI and concurrent FI and WI; household toilet sharing and insecure housing were associated with increased odds of FI. In adjusted analyses, WI, concurrent FI and WI, housing insecurity, and parenthood were associated with higher sexual IPV odds. FI and parenthood were associated with increased odds of physical IPV. IoV scores were associated with physical/sexual IPV, and IoV scores accounted for more variance in physical/sexual IPV than any individual indicator. Future research can address WI and co-occurring resource insecurities to reduce gender-based water violence risks.","PeriodicalId":516652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140089552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Brackish water pre-treatment method: selection of the study area and water sample testing 咸水预处理方法：研究区域的选择和水样检测

Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.2166/washdev.2024.294

Youssouf E. L. Idrissi, Mohamed Benabbou, Zakia Rais, Mounia E. L. Haji

{"title":"Brackish water pre-treatment method: selection of the study area and water sample testing","authors":"Youssouf E. L. Idrissi, Mohamed Benabbou, Zakia Rais, Mounia E. L. Haji","doi":"10.2166/washdev.2024.294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2024.294","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Climate change significantly disrupts the global water cycle, impacting rainfall and social and economic development in countries like Morocco. This has led to the need for alternative solutions like desalinating sea and brackish water. However, the efficiency of water pre-treatment operations depends on the characteristics of the raw water to be treated and affects the overall system's performance in terms of water quality and cost. The final objective of this study is to design a solar-powered brackish pre-treatment technique before desalination process for remote rural population. The primary task is to select the most suitable geographical area in Morocco for sampling and analysis of water characteristics and their compliance with drinking water standards. The results help identify the most appropriate provinces for our case according to certain selection criteria (distance, annual solar radiation, rural population, access to drinking water) and analyse the water's characteristics and compliance with national or international drinking water health standards. This provides a solid foundation for the next stages of desalination method development.","PeriodicalId":516652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140084817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Discrimination between scheduled and non-scheduled groups in access to basic services in urban India 印度城市在册群体与非在册群体在获得基本服务方面存在的歧视

Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development Pub Date : 2024-02-17 DOI: 10.2166/washdev.2024.138

Tarun Arora, Prashant Kumar Choudhary

{"title":"Discrimination between scheduled and non-scheduled groups in access to basic services in urban India","authors":"Tarun Arora, Prashant Kumar Choudhary","doi":"10.2166/washdev.2024.138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2024.138","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Access to basic services such as water, sanitation, and electricity is a key determinant of an individual's well-being. Nevertheless, access to these services is unequally distributed among different social groups in many countries. India is no exception, with the scheduled castes (SC) and scheduled tribes (ST) being one of the country's most marginalised and disadvantaged groups. This paper analyses the disparities in access to basic services between scheduled and non-scheduled households, investigates the factors contributing to the unequal access, and suggests policy recommendations. Using data from the National Sample Survey 76th Round, we analyse the access to basic services such as durable housing, improved water and sanitation, and access to electricity. The paper's objectives are (a) to investigate the factors impacting the quality of basic service delivery in urban India separately for scheduled and non-scheduled households and (b) to quantify the discrimination between scheduled and non-scheduled households in urban India concerning access to quality of basic services through computing a comprehensive index and by using the ‘Fairlie decomposition’ approach. The analysis corroborates the finding that systemic discrimination exists between scheduled and non-scheduled households in urban India regarding access to good quality basic services up to an extent of 24%.","PeriodicalId":516652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139960251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0