Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development最新文献_第5页

Chemical recovery of magnesium from the Dead Sea and its use in wastewater treatment 死海镁的化学回收及其在废水处理中的应用

Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development Pub Date : 2024-02-12 DOI: 10.2166/washdev.2024.267

Mousa Almousa, Tomomewo Olusegun, Y. Lim, K. Al-Zboon, Islam Khraisat, Ali Alshami, B. Ammary

{"title":"Chemical recovery of magnesium from the Dead Sea and its use in wastewater treatment","authors":"Mousa Almousa, Tomomewo Olusegun, Y. Lim, K. Al-Zboon, Islam Khraisat, Ali Alshami, B. Ammary","doi":"10.2166/washdev.2024.267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2024.267","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 The objective of this study was to establish a suitable chemical process to recover magnesium compounds from Dead Sea water using a selective precipitation process. The recovered magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2) and magnesium chloride (MgCl2) are applicable for wastewater treatment processes since they can effectively remove total suspended solids (TSS) and chemical oxygen demand (COD). Magnesium salts recovered from Dead Sea water were compared with cationic polyacrylamide (PAM) and inorganic salts, including aluminum sulfate Al2(SO4)3, ferric chloride (FeCl3), and ferrous sulfate (Fe2SO4) to investigate the removal efficiency of TSS and COD from wastewater using a chemical precipitation method by using coagulation and flocculation process. Results show that Mg(OH)2 yielded the highest TSS and COD removal efficiencies of 59 and 57%, respectively, with a wastewater pH of 11.5. MgCl2 yielded lower removal efficiencies of 46 and 44%, respectively; at pH 10.5, lower magnesium concentration doses were needed. The most effective chemical precipitation method for removal involved cationic PAM coagulants, resulting in an 86% reduction in TSS and a 65% reduction in COD. Combining commercial Fe2SO4 and MgCL2 recovered from Dead Sea water reduced up to 90 and 73% of TSS and COD, respectively.","PeriodicalId":516652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139783353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Preparation of an activated adsorbent from water treatment plant sludge for phosphate removal of from wastewater: optimization, characterization, isotherm, and kinetics studies 利用水处理厂污泥制备用于去除废水中磷酸盐的活性吸附剂：优化、表征、等温线和动力学研究

Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development Pub Date : 2024-02-12 DOI: 10.2166/washdev.2024.278

Eyoel Shumiye, Talbachew Tadesse Nadew, Tsegaye Sissay Tedila, Belay Getiye, Destaw Agumass Mengie, Abraham Getahun Ayalew

{"title":"Preparation of an activated adsorbent from water treatment plant sludge for phosphate removal of from wastewater: optimization, characterization, isotherm, and kinetics studies","authors":"Eyoel Shumiye, Talbachew Tadesse Nadew, Tsegaye Sissay Tedila, Belay Getiye, Destaw Agumass Mengie, Abraham Getahun Ayalew","doi":"10.2166/washdev.2024.278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2024.278","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Purifying water for diverse uses is vital, but concerns lie with the sustainability and accessibility of purification materials. This study aimed to address this by turning readily available water treatment plant sludge (WTPS) into an activated adsorbent for phosphate removal in wastewater. WTPS was activated via thermal activation at 300 °C temperature and chemical activation processes of 3 M acid concentration, 4 h activation time, and 75 °C activation temperature, and then characterized using BET, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared, elemental analyzer, and differential scanning calorimetry. SEM and BET analyses revealed a highly porous adsorbent (279.2 m2/g) for efficient adsorption. On top of the activation process, preliminary experiments and numerical optimization using response surface methodology (RSM) were designed and conducted. Through optimizing conditions, it was found that 70 min of contact time, pH 3, 3 g/L adsorbent dose, and 30 mg/L initial phosphate concentration as optimal, yielding 83% removal efficiency. Furthermore, adsorption kinetics and isotherm models were examined and the second-order kinetics and Langmuir isotherm models indicated best fit. Notably, the activated sludge could be regenerated for three cycles before efficiency dropped below 70%. Thus, activated WTPS presents a promising, sustainable, and readily available adsorbent for phosphate removal in wastewater treatment.","PeriodicalId":516652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139844857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chemical recovery of magnesium from the Dead Sea and its use in wastewater treatment 死海镁的化学回收及其在废水处理中的应用

Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development Pub Date : 2024-02-12 DOI: 10.2166/washdev.2024.267

Mousa Almousa, Tomomewo Olusegun, Y. Lim, K. Al-Zboon, Islam Khraisat, Ali Alshami, B. Ammary

{"title":"Chemical recovery of magnesium from the Dead Sea and its use in wastewater treatment","authors":"Mousa Almousa, Tomomewo Olusegun, Y. Lim, K. Al-Zboon, Islam Khraisat, Ali Alshami, B. Ammary","doi":"10.2166/washdev.2024.267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2024.267","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 The objective of this study was to establish a suitable chemical process to recover magnesium compounds from Dead Sea water using a selective precipitation process. The recovered magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2) and magnesium chloride (MgCl2) are applicable for wastewater treatment processes since they can effectively remove total suspended solids (TSS) and chemical oxygen demand (COD). Magnesium salts recovered from Dead Sea water were compared with cationic polyacrylamide (PAM) and inorganic salts, including aluminum sulfate Al2(SO4)3, ferric chloride (FeCl3), and ferrous sulfate (Fe2SO4) to investigate the removal efficiency of TSS and COD from wastewater using a chemical precipitation method by using coagulation and flocculation process. Results show that Mg(OH)2 yielded the highest TSS and COD removal efficiencies of 59 and 57%, respectively, with a wastewater pH of 11.5. MgCl2 yielded lower removal efficiencies of 46 and 44%, respectively; at pH 10.5, lower magnesium concentration doses were needed. The most effective chemical precipitation method for removal involved cationic PAM coagulants, resulting in an 86% reduction in TSS and a 65% reduction in COD. Combining commercial Fe2SO4 and MgCL2 recovered from Dead Sea water reduced up to 90 and 73% of TSS and COD, respectively.","PeriodicalId":516652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139843184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Preparation of an activated adsorbent from water treatment plant sludge for phosphate removal of from wastewater: optimization, characterization, isotherm, and kinetics studies 利用水处理厂污泥制备用于去除废水中磷酸盐的活性吸附剂：优化、表征、等温线和动力学研究

Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development Pub Date : 2024-02-12 DOI: 10.2166/washdev.2024.278

Eyoel Shumiye, Talbachew Tadesse Nadew, Tsegaye Sissay Tedila, Belay Getiye, Destaw Agumass Mengie, Abraham Getahun Ayalew

{"title":"Preparation of an activated adsorbent from water treatment plant sludge for phosphate removal of from wastewater: optimization, characterization, isotherm, and kinetics studies","authors":"Eyoel Shumiye, Talbachew Tadesse Nadew, Tsegaye Sissay Tedila, Belay Getiye, Destaw Agumass Mengie, Abraham Getahun Ayalew","doi":"10.2166/washdev.2024.278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2024.278","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Purifying water for diverse uses is vital, but concerns lie with the sustainability and accessibility of purification materials. This study aimed to address this by turning readily available water treatment plant sludge (WTPS) into an activated adsorbent for phosphate removal in wastewater. WTPS was activated via thermal activation at 300 °C temperature and chemical activation processes of 3 M acid concentration, 4 h activation time, and 75 °C activation temperature, and then characterized using BET, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared, elemental analyzer, and differential scanning calorimetry. SEM and BET analyses revealed a highly porous adsorbent (279.2 m2/g) for efficient adsorption. On top of the activation process, preliminary experiments and numerical optimization using response surface methodology (RSM) were designed and conducted. Through optimizing conditions, it was found that 70 min of contact time, pH 3, 3 g/L adsorbent dose, and 30 mg/L initial phosphate concentration as optimal, yielding 83% removal efficiency. Furthermore, adsorption kinetics and isotherm models were examined and the second-order kinetics and Langmuir isotherm models indicated best fit. Notably, the activated sludge could be regenerated for three cycles before efficiency dropped below 70%. Thus, activated WTPS presents a promising, sustainable, and readily available adsorbent for phosphate removal in wastewater treatment.","PeriodicalId":516652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139785196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rethinking community-led total sanitation for eradicating open defecation in rural Ebonyi state communities, Nigeria: practice considerations for social work practitioners and educators 反思社区主导的全面环境卫生，消除尼日利亚埃邦伊州农村社区的随地大小便现象：社会工作从业人员和教育工作者的实践考量

Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development Pub Date : 2024-02-09 DOI: 10.2166/washdev.2024.180

A. Agha, Christopher Osuu, Chinyere E. Onalu, Yemi Adewoyin

{"title":"Rethinking community-led total sanitation for eradicating open defecation in rural Ebonyi state communities, Nigeria: practice considerations for social work practitioners and educators","authors":"A. Agha, Christopher Osuu, Chinyere E. Onalu, Yemi Adewoyin","doi":"10.2166/washdev.2024.180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2024.180","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Nigeria is ranked number two in the world with the highest prevalence of open defecation (OD) despite the adoption of community-led total sanitation (CLTS) since 2007. Using some CLTS-triggered communities in Ebonyi State, this study investigated the awareness of CLTS, OD status, and its drivers as well as social workers' involvement in environmental sustainability. Study data generated from primary surveys included the socio-demographic characteristics of the study population and measurable behavioral elements of the SaniFOAM framework. Results of the statistical analyses show that more than 79% of the respondents were aware of CLTS, yet OD prevalence was 84.8%. While being married (odds ratio (OR): 0.036), being a civil servant (OR: 0.109), and having at least secondary education (OR: 0.119) were associated with lower odds of OD, whereas dislike for trekking (OR: 4.322), absence of laws (OR: 5.380), sanctions (OR: 4.715), and other SaniFOAM variables were associated with increased odds of OD. The results suggest that behavioral change toward OD under CLTS, with its focus on community mobilization for self-awareness and self-assessment for eliminating OD, may be a mirage without stricter approaches, laws, and sanctions for behavioral change. The domiciliation of these within grassroot governments and social workers' involvement in sanitation promotion are suggested.","PeriodicalId":516652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139789607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rethinking community-led total sanitation for eradicating open defecation in rural Ebonyi state communities, Nigeria: practice considerations for social work practitioners and educators 反思社区主导的全面环境卫生，消除尼日利亚埃邦伊州农村社区的随地大小便现象：社会工作从业人员和教育工作者的实践考量

Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development Pub Date : 2024-02-09 DOI: 10.2166/washdev.2024.180

A. Agha, Christopher Osuu, Chinyere E. Onalu, Yemi Adewoyin

{"title":"Rethinking community-led total sanitation for eradicating open defecation in rural Ebonyi state communities, Nigeria: practice considerations for social work practitioners and educators","authors":"A. Agha, Christopher Osuu, Chinyere E. Onalu, Yemi Adewoyin","doi":"10.2166/washdev.2024.180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2024.180","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Nigeria is ranked number two in the world with the highest prevalence of open defecation (OD) despite the adoption of community-led total sanitation (CLTS) since 2007. Using some CLTS-triggered communities in Ebonyi State, this study investigated the awareness of CLTS, OD status, and its drivers as well as social workers' involvement in environmental sustainability. Study data generated from primary surveys included the socio-demographic characteristics of the study population and measurable behavioral elements of the SaniFOAM framework. Results of the statistical analyses show that more than 79% of the respondents were aware of CLTS, yet OD prevalence was 84.8%. While being married (odds ratio (OR): 0.036), being a civil servant (OR: 0.109), and having at least secondary education (OR: 0.119) were associated with lower odds of OD, whereas dislike for trekking (OR: 4.322), absence of laws (OR: 5.380), sanctions (OR: 4.715), and other SaniFOAM variables were associated with increased odds of OD. The results suggest that behavioral change toward OD under CLTS, with its focus on community mobilization for self-awareness and self-assessment for eliminating OD, may be a mirage without stricter approaches, laws, and sanctions for behavioral change. The domiciliation of these within grassroot governments and social workers' involvement in sanitation promotion are suggested.","PeriodicalId":516652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139849517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Monitoring WASH and school dropouts in India: Is there adequate data? An assessment of four national databases 监测印度的讲卫生运动和辍学情况：是否有足够的数据？对四个国家数据库的评估

Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development Pub Date : 2024-01-02 DOI: 10.2166/washdev.2024.195

Sulochana Pednekar, Shaila Desouza, P. Mukhopadhyay

{"title":"Monitoring WASH and school dropouts in India: Is there adequate data? An assessment of four national databases","authors":"Sulochana Pednekar, Shaila Desouza, P. Mukhopadhyay","doi":"10.2166/washdev.2024.195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2024.195","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) are crucial to human development. Lack of WASH affects girls’ health and school attendance, particularly after puberty. This has long-term consequences on gender equality and empowerment. Several international (like the World Health Organisation's WASH standards, the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (4, 5 and 6)) and national initiatives (like The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act of 2009, the Swachh Bharat Swachh Vidyalaya campaign and guidelines for menstrual hygiene management) are expected to address this issue in schools. There is a need to systematically and regularly collect and disseminate WASH data on school infrastructure facilities and attendance details. This would help assess the achievement of better WASH infrastructure and examine how much it reduces school dropouts. We assess four national-level databases routinely used for studies in human development – India Human Development Survey, National Family Health Survey, National Sample Survey Office and the Unified District Information System in Education. Our study finds limited data availability, making assessing the extent of target achievement difficult. It underscores the need for re-orienting data collection on school attendance and WASH school infrastructure.","PeriodicalId":516652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139640776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0