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This time is different?-on the use of emergency measures during the corona pandemic. 这次不一样吗?关于冠状病毒大流行期间紧急措施的使用。
IF 1.3 3区 社会学
European Journal of Law and Economics Pub Date : 2022-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-07-27 DOI: 10.1007/s10657-021-09706-5
Christian Bjørnskov, Stefan Voigt
{"title":"This time is different?-on the use of emergency measures during the corona pandemic.","authors":"Christian Bjørnskov,&nbsp;Stefan Voigt","doi":"10.1007/s10657-021-09706-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10657-021-09706-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The COVID-19 pandemic has not only caused millions to die and even more to lose their jobs, it has also prompted more governments to simultaneously declare a state of emergency than ever before enabling us to compare their decisions more directly. States of emergency usually imply the extension of executive powers that diminishes the powers of other branches of government, as well as to the civil liberties of individuals. Here, we analyze the use of emergency provisions during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic and find that it can be largely explained by drawing on political economy. It does, hence, not constitute an exception. We show that many governments have (mis-)used the pandemic as a pretext to curtail media freedom. We further show that executive decrees are considered as a substitute for states of emergency by many governments.</p>","PeriodicalId":51664,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Law and Economics","volume":" ","pages":"63-81"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s10657-021-09706-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40580150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 27
COVID 19: how coercive were the coercive measures taken to fight the pandemic. 2019冠状病毒病:为抗击疫情而采取的强制性措施有多强制?
IF 1.3 3区 社会学
European Journal of Law and Economics Pub Date : 2022-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-07-13 DOI: 10.1007/s10657-022-09746-5
Alain Marciano, Giovanni Battista Ramello
{"title":"COVID 19: how coercive were the coercive measures taken to fight the pandemic.","authors":"Alain Marciano,&nbsp;Giovanni Battista Ramello","doi":"10.1007/s10657-022-09746-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10657-022-09746-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51664,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Law and Economics","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9277976/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40582633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Crime and punishment in times of pandemics. 大流行时期的犯罪与惩罚。
IF 1.3 3区 社会学
European Journal of Law and Economics Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/s10657-021-09720-7
Roee Sarel
{"title":"Crime and punishment in times of pandemics.","authors":"Roee Sarel","doi":"10.1007/s10657-021-09720-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10657-021-09720-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>How should we think about crime deterrence in times of pandemics? The economic analysis of crime tells us that potential offenders will compare the costs and the benefits from crime and from innocence and then choose whichever option is more profitable. We must therefore ask ourselves how this comparison is affected by the outbreak of a pandemic and the policy changes which may accompany it, such as governmental restrictions, social distancing, and responses to economic crises. Using insights from law and economics, this paper investigates how the various components in the cost-benefit analysis of crime might change during a pandemic, focusing on Covid-19 as a test case. Building on classical theoretical models, existing empirical evidence, and behavioral aspects, the analysis reveals that there are many potentially countervailing effects on crime deterrence. The paper thus highlights the need to carefully consider which aspects are applicable given the circumstances of the pandemic, as whether crime deterrence will increase or decrease should depend on the strength of the effects at play.</p>","PeriodicalId":51664,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Law and Economics","volume":"54 2","pages":"155-186"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8648867/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10698256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Pandemics, economic freedom, and institutional trade-offs. 流行病、经济自由和制度权衡。
IF 1 3区 社会学
European Journal of Law and Economics Pub Date : 2022-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-07-19 DOI: 10.1007/s10657-021-09704-7
Vincent Geloso, Kelly Hyde, Ilia Murtazashvili
{"title":"Pandemics, economic freedom, and institutional trade-offs.","authors":"Vincent Geloso, Kelly Hyde, Ilia Murtazashvili","doi":"10.1007/s10657-021-09704-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10657-021-09704-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We argue that institutions are bundles that involve trade-offs in the government's ability to provide public goods that affect public health. We hypothesize that the institutions underlying economic freedom affect the mix of diseases by reducing diseases of poverty relative to diseases of commerce (those associated with free movement of people, such as smallpox or COVID-19). We focus on smallpox and typhoid fever in the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century in order to build on recent work that make arguments similar to ours, especially the framework Werner Troesken sets forth in <i>The Pox of Liberty</i>. Our evidence shows that economic freedom, in multiple periods of time and settings prior to the eradication of smallpox in the second half of the twentieth century, reduced typhoid mortality but had no effect on smallpox deaths. The implication for COVID-19 is that the trade-off between fighting the pandemic and preserving economic freedom may not be too severe in the short run. However, in the long run, the wealth benefits from economic freedom are likely to be crucial in reducing vulnerability to diseases of commerce primarily from their impact on comorbidities (such as diabetes and heart disease). Thus, economic freedom is on balance good for public health, which suggests that it, while requiring trade-offs, might be the best institutional bundle for dealing with pandemics.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10657-021-09704-7.</p>","PeriodicalId":51664,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Law and Economics","volume":" ","pages":"37-61"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8287108/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40582630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Bank capital buffer releases, public guarantee programs, and dividend bans in COVID-19 Europe: an appraisal. COVID-19欧洲的银行资本缓冲释放、公共担保计划和股息禁令:评估。
IF 1.3 3区 社会学
European Journal of Law and Economics Pub Date : 2022-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-07-18 DOI: 10.1007/s10657-022-09734-9
Alexandra Matyunina, Steven Ongena
{"title":"Bank capital buffer releases, public guarantee programs, and dividend bans in COVID-19 Europe: an appraisal.","authors":"Alexandra Matyunina,&nbsp;Steven Ongena","doi":"10.1007/s10657-022-09734-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10657-022-09734-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We analyse the recent policy decisions made by the European Central Bank and the national authorities related to capital and shareholders' remuneration aimed at promoting banking credit supply in COVID-19-afflicted economies. We forecast the impact of the regulatory decisions based on the empirical literature and discuss the factors that reduce the banks' incentives to expand their loan portfolios. We argue that the introduction of the dividend ban caused a surge in regulatory uncertainty and undermined banks' market valuation raising the expected funding costs and contributing to the banks' reluctance to make use of the capital buffers. We develop policy suggestions intended to mitigate this effect.</p>","PeriodicalId":51664,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Law and Economics","volume":" ","pages":"127-152"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9294812/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40676756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
The economics of platform liability. 平台责任的经济学。
IF 1.3 3区 社会学
European Journal of Law and Economics Pub Date : 2022-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-02-19 DOI: 10.1007/s10657-022-09728-7
Yassine Lefouili, Leonardo Madio
{"title":"The economics of platform liability.","authors":"Yassine Lefouili,&nbsp;Leonardo Madio","doi":"10.1007/s10657-022-09728-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10657-022-09728-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Public authorities in many jurisdictions are concerned about the proliferation of illegal content and products on online platforms. One often discussed solution is to make the platform liable for third parties' misconduct. In this paper, we first identify platform incentives to stop online misconduct in the absence of liability. Then, we provide an economic appraisal of platform liability that highlights the <i>intended and unintended</i> effects of a more stringent liability rule on several key variables such as prices, terms and conditions, business models, and investments. Specifically, we discuss the impact of the liability regime applying to online platforms on competition between them and the incentives of third parties relying on them. Finally, we analyze the potential costs and benefits of measures that have received much attention in recent policy discussions.</p>","PeriodicalId":51664,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Law and Economics","volume":"53 3","pages":"319-351"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8857911/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40579602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Simple rules for the developing world 发展中国家的简单规则
IF 1.3 3区 社会学
European Journal of Law and Economics Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.1007/s10657-021-09716-3
S. Rajagopalan, A. Tabarrok
{"title":"Simple rules for the developing world","authors":"S. Rajagopalan, A. Tabarrok","doi":"10.1007/s10657-021-09716-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10657-021-09716-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51664,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Law and Economics","volume":"52 1","pages":"341 - 362"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48156896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Does rigidity matter? Constitutional entrenchment and growth 刚性重要吗？宪法的巩固和发展
IF 1.3 3区 社会学
European Journal of Law and Economics Pub Date : 2021-11-16 DOI: 10.1007/s10657-021-09715-4
Justin T. Callais, A. Young
{"title":"Does rigidity matter? Constitutional entrenchment and growth","authors":"Justin T. Callais, A. Young","doi":"10.1007/s10657-021-09715-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10657-021-09715-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51664,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Law and Economics","volume":"53 1","pages":"27 - 62"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42757244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Market power and journalistic quality 市场力量与新闻素质
IF 1.3 3区 社会学
European Journal of Law and Economics Pub Date : 2021-11-07 DOI: 10.1007/s10657-021-09714-5
Martin A. Leroch
{"title":"Market power and journalistic quality","authors":"Martin A. Leroch","doi":"10.1007/s10657-021-09714-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10657-021-09714-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51664,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Law and Economics","volume":"53 1","pages":"109 - 124"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43346548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Disagreeing in private or dissenting in public: an empirical exploration of possible motivations 私下里的分歧或公开场合的反对：对可能动机的实证探索
IF 1.3 3区 社会学
European Journal of Law and Economics Pub Date : 2021-11-06 DOI: 10.1007/s10657-021-09713-6
Nuno Garoupa, Laura Salamero-Teixidó, Adrián Rodríguez Segura
{"title":"Disagreeing in private or dissenting in public: an empirical exploration of possible motivations","authors":"Nuno Garoupa, Laura Salamero-Teixidó, Adrián Rodríguez Segura","doi":"10.1007/s10657-021-09713-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10657-021-09713-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51664,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Law and Economics","volume":"53 1","pages":"147 - 173"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46077899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
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