Archives of medical sciences. Atherosclerotic diseases最新文献

{"title":"Trends of acute myocardial infarction-related deaths in US patients from 1999 to 2020.","authors":"Irfan Ullah, Hanzala Ahmed Farooqi, Owais Ahmad, Muhammad Irfan, Ejaz Khan, Osama Ali Khan, Aman Goyal, Abdul Wali Khan, Zeeshan Sattar, Samay Mehta, Azeem Hassan, Hasan Ahmad, Qadeer Abdul, Muhammad Sohaib Asghar, Raheel Ahmed","doi":"10.5114/amsad/199656","DOIUrl":"10.5114/amsad/199656","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The objective of this study was to analyze the temporal trends and demographic/geographical disparities in acute myocardial infarction (AMI)-related mortality among individuals aged 15 and older across the United Sates (US).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>We evaluated death records from 1999 to 2020 that were obtained from the CDC WONDER database. Age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) per 100,000 persons and annual percent changes (APC) were computed, with stratification by year, sex, race/ethnicity, and geographic region.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between 1999 and 2020, 3,016,546 AMI-related deaths were reported in the United States. The overall AAMR was 51.9 per 100,000 (95% CI: 51.8-52.0). Over the course of the study, the crude mortality rate (CMR) increased with age. Males exhibited a consistently higher overall annual AAMR (67.4, 95% CI: 67.3, 67.5) than females (39.5, 95% CI: 39.4, 39.6). In comparison to other races, Black (or African American) people had the highest death rates, with an AAMR of 58.9 (95% CI: 58.7, 59.1). The South region mortality rate (AAMR = 57.7; 95% CI: 57.6, 57.8) was higher than that of the Northeast, Midwest, and West. Specifically, Kentucky had the highest death rate (87.7, 95% CI: 87.0, 88.3), followed by Missouri (80.3, 95% CI: 79.8, 80.8) and Mississippi (85.6, 95% CI: 85.0, 86.6).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>During the period from 1999 to 2020, males, Black/African American adults and those living in the South and other nonmetropolitan areas of the country typically had the highest AAMRs.</p>","PeriodicalId":516556,"journal":{"name":"Archives of medical sciences. Atherosclerotic diseases","volume":"9 ","pages":"e251-e258"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11851306/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143506757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends and disparities in heart failure-related mortality in the US adult population from 1999 to 2020.","authors":"Irfan Ullah, Owais Ahmad, Hanzala Ahmed Farooqi, Rushna Saleem, Isra Ahmed, Muhammad Irfan, Abdul Wali Khan, Ejaz Khan, Osama Ali Khan, Aman Goyal, Zeeshan Sattar, Muzammil Farhan, Caleb Carver, Raheel Ahmed, Muhammad Sohaib Asghar","doi":"10.5114/amsad/199655","DOIUrl":"10.5114/amsad/199655","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The rising incidence of heart failure (HF) among the U.S. population has become a major concern for healthcare providers. This study aims to assess mortality trends related to HF across different age groups, racial demographics, and geographic locations from 1999 to 2020.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This descriptive analysis uses death certificate data from the CDC WONDER database to track mortality trends among HF patients from 1999 to 2020. Log-linear regression models were used to delineate trends. The study used deidentified public data, complying with ethical standards.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over 21 years, 1,426,657 HF-related deaths were recorded in individuals aged 15 and older, with a slight overall increase in mortality (AAPC = 0.11). Mississippi recorded the highest age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) at 58.0 per 100,000. The Midwest showed the highest regional mortality rates, while the oldest individuals (≥ 85) exhibited the highest crude mortality rate (CMR) of 663.9. Males consistently demonstrated higher AAMRs than females, despite females accounting for 57.6% of the deaths. Black ancestry individuals experienced the highest mortality rates, with rising trends, particularly in non-metropolitan areas. After 2012, significant increases in mortality were noted, especially in individuals over 85, with stable rates in younger demographics.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Males and Black ancestry individuals are disproportionately affected, demonstrating the need for targeted interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":516556,"journal":{"name":"Archives of medical sciences. Atherosclerotic diseases","volume":"9 ","pages":"e241-e250"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11851342/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143506756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combination of atorvastatin plus N-acetylcysteine versus atorvastatin alone to prevent contrast-induced nephropathy.","authors":"Mohammed Habib","doi":"10.5114/amsad/195767","DOIUrl":"10.5114/amsad/195767","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Contrast-induced acute renal injury is the third leading cause of hospital-acquired acute kidney injury. Our trial aimed to compare high-dose statin versus statin plus N-acetylcysteine (NAC) to prevent contrast-induced nephropathy.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Randomized control trial included patients who undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) at Alshifa Hospital in Gaza, the first group (statin: 50 patients) received 80 mg of atorvastatin orally once daily for 3 days. The second group (statin + NAC: 50 patients) received 80 mg of atorvastatin orally once daily for 3 days, plus NAC 1200 mg orally twice daily every 12 h for 2 days. All patients underwent measurement of serum creatinine and urea level before PCI and 2-3 days after the procedure. The primary endpoint was to compare development of contrast-induced nephropathy between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The total group comprised 100 patients: 71 male patients and 29 female patients. Mean age was 59 ±9.8 years. After intervention serum creatinine decreased from 1.02 ±0.27 mg/dl to1.01 ±0.29 mg/dl in the statin group, while it decreased from 1.08 ±0.36 mg/dl to 0.92 ±0.13 mg/dl in the statin + NAC group. The difference between the two groups was significant (<i>p</i> = 0.048). Also, the urea plasma level in the statin group decreased from 34.5 ±9.7 mmol/l to 30.6 ±8.7 mmol/l after PCI, while in the statin + NAC group it decreased from 36.4 ±9.9 mmol/l to 26.2 ±10.6 mmol/l; the difference between the two groups was significant (<i>p</i> = 0.017). Contrast-induced nephropathy was seen in 9 (18%) patients in the statin group and in 2 (4%) patients in the statin + NAC group (<i>p</i> = 0.025).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The combination of high-dose atorvastatin plus NAC compared to atorvastatin alone was associated with a significant reduction of contrast-induced nephropathy in patients undergoing PCI.</p>","PeriodicalId":516556,"journal":{"name":"Archives of medical sciences. Atherosclerotic diseases","volume":"9 ","pages":"e207-e211"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11851341/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143506709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy versus long-term dual antiplatelet therapy after percutaneous coronary intervention: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Mushood Ahmed, Areeba Ahsan, Priyansha Singh, Adeel Ahmad, Hritvik Jain, Asad Rahman, Sohail Q Khan, Raheel Ahmed, Mahboob Alam, Farhan Shahid","doi":"10.5114/amsad/196827","DOIUrl":"10.5114/amsad/196827","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":516556,"journal":{"name":"Archives of medical sciences. Atherosclerotic diseases","volume":"9 ","pages":"e196-e201"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11851312/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143506712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiac complications of arteriovenous access: a narrative review from a multidisciplinary team perspective.","authors":"Melina Stathopoulou, Andreas Tsimpoukis, Konstantinos Tasios, Chrysanthi Papageorgopoulou, Francesk Mulita, Vasileios Leivaditis, Marios Papasotiriou, Levan Tchabashvili, Nikolaos Koutsogiannis, Andreas Antzoulas, Panagiotis Kitrou, Platon Dimopoulos, Ioannis Panagiotopoulos, Nikolaos Karydis, Spyros Papadoulas","doi":"10.5114/amsad/196826","DOIUrl":"10.5114/amsad/196826","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although cardiovascular disease is common among hemodialysis patients, arteriovenous access creation has been invariably implicated in the evolution of adverse cardiac outcomes or deterioration of pre-existing cardiovascular disease. In most cases, these effects are subclinical but with potential underlying echocardiographic findings. Compared with grafts, arteriovenous fistulas are implicated more often, due to the progressively increased flow from the continuous dilatation of the venous outflow tract in the long term. The increasing flow is in the majority of patients well tolerated by cardiac adaptive alterations. However, the clinical impact is based on the balance between the amount of flow volume and the patient's cardiac reserves. Having extensively reviewed the existing English literature, we present the pathophysiology and the different types of cardiovascular complications, the indications, types, and efficacy of flow-restrictive procedures in the context of a high-flow AVF, as well as some precautions and considerations for AVF creation in high-risk patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":516556,"journal":{"name":"Archives of medical sciences. Atherosclerotic diseases","volume":"9 ","pages":"e217-e225"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11851310/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143506708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction for pharmacoinvasive strategy or primary percutaneous coronary intervention in Gaza (STEPP 2- PCI) trial.","authors":"Mohammed Habib, Zaki Doğan","doi":"10.5114/amsad/195768","DOIUrl":"10.5114/amsad/195768","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (P-PCI) is still preferred as the optimal reperfusion therapy among patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). However, in non-PCI capable hospitals, pharmacoinvasive treatment (Ph-PCI) can be performed as alternative therapy to P-PCI. This study compares the efficacy between a Ph-PCI and P-PCI strategies among patients with STEMI.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients with STEMI presenting within 12 h of symptoms onset assigned to two groups: Group 1 (<i>N</i> = 154 patients) - P-PCI within 90 min after first medical contact; Group 2 (<i>N</i> = 154 patients) - Ph-PCI 2-24 h after completion of thrombolytic treatment in the emergency room at Alshifa Hospital in Gaza. Primary endpoint: a composite of heart failure and total death at 30 days. Secondary endpoint: the percentage resolution of ST-segment elevation 60 min after PCI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 308 patients presented with acute STEMI (≤ 12 h from symptom onset to first medical contact), mean age 58.05 ±11.3 years; 257 (83.5%) patients were male. The primary endpoint in P-PCI was observed in 16.2% and in Ph-PCI 8.4%; <i>p</i> = 0.038. There was no difference in 30-day total death (5.2% in P-PCI and 3.2% in Ph-PCI), <i>p</i> = 0.39, no difference in heart failure (11% in P-PCI and 5.2% in Ph-PCI), <i>p</i> = 0.06. Secondary endpoint: after PCI sum ST-elevation resolution more than 50%, was seen in 65% in patients in P-PCI group and 76.2% in patients in Ph-PCI group; <i>p</i> = 0.034.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Ph-PCI was associated with decreased composite endpoints of mortality and heart failure outcomes during 30 days after STEMI and improved ST-segment resolution within 1 h after percutaneous coronary intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":516556,"journal":{"name":"Archives of medical sciences. Atherosclerotic diseases","volume":"9 ","pages":"e202-e206"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11851308/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143506755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A sex-comparative analysis of arrhythmias in adults with acute rheumatic endocarditis in the United States.","authors":"Mahnoor Farooq Raja, Kamleshun Ramphul, Asma Mahmood, Maria Vakali, Losif Karalis, Jasninder S Dhaliwal, Sukhmeet Dhillon, Asif Shah, Hritvik Jain, Nabeel Ahmed, Adeel Ahmad, Asad Rahman, Mushood Ahmed, Hemamalini Sakthivel, Sudhamai Akkaramani, Raheel Ahmed","doi":"10.5114/amsad/195769","DOIUrl":"10.5114/amsad/195769","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":516556,"journal":{"name":"Archives of medical sciences. Atherosclerotic diseases","volume":"9 ","pages":"e193-e195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11851305/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143506707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simultaneous left and right atrial thrombi in atrial fibrillation: a case highlighting the importance of comprehensive echocardiographic evaluation and multidisciplinary management.","authors":"Vasileios Leivaditis, Ece Özsoy, Tamas Büki, Athanasios Papatriantafyllou, Konstantinos Grapatsas, Francesk Mulita, Ioannis Panagiotopoulos, Nikolaos G Baikoussis, Anastasia Katinioti, Konstantinos Tasios, Efstratios Koletsis, Manfred Dahm","doi":"10.5114/amsad/199742","DOIUrl":"10.5114/amsad/199742","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":516556,"journal":{"name":"Archives of medical sciences. Atherosclerotic diseases","volume":"9 ","pages":"e212-e216"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11851307/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143506754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rosuvastatin accelerates the healing process of partial-thickness burn wounds in rats by reducing TNF-α levels.","authors":"Alexandra Marneri, Francesk Mulita, Vasileios Leivaditis, Serafeim-Chrysovalantis Kotoulas, Ioannis Gkoutziotis, Stavrati Kalliopi, Konstantinos Tasios, Levan Tchabashvili, Nikolaos Michalopoulos, Konstantinos Mpallas","doi":"10.5114/amsad/196825","DOIUrl":"10.5114/amsad/196825","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Burn wound healing is a complex, dynamic process that involves a coordinated cascade of cellular responses and phases. Inflammation, proliferation and remodeling are the main phases of tissue repair, while tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and procalcitonin (PCT) seem to be important mediators affecting the inflammatory state. Our aim was to assess the effect of rosuvastatin on tissue repair after partial thickness burn injury in healthy animals.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>In this randomized prospective experimental study, 36 male rats were randomly divided into two groups: placebo-treated (PG) and topical rosuvastatin-treated (SG). Under anesthesia, a partial-thickness burn trauma was induced in the dorsal region of the rats using an iron seal. Tissue samples were collected for histopathological examination as well.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Variables of TNF-α, procalcitonin and macroscopic assessment were normally distributed between the two groups on all studied days. The expression of TNF-α was found to be lower in burn injuries treated with topical rosuvastatin in comparison with placebo-treated animals on days 3, 6 and 9. PCT values in rosuvastatin-treated subgroups were statistically significantly lower than in placebo subgroups. Upon macroscopic examination, a significantly smaller burnt area in the statin-treated group was detected compared to the non-statin group on all days, except for day 3. Histopathological examination demonstrated higher levels of mean neutrophil infiltration in the placebo group (day 3). Finally, fibroblast proliferation, angiogenesis and re-epithelization levels were noted to be higher after the topical application of rosuvastatin.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Rosuvastatin accelerated wound healing and down-regulated TNF-α and PCT levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":516556,"journal":{"name":"Archives of medical sciences. Atherosclerotic diseases","volume":"9 ","pages":"e226-e240"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11851311/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143506700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Profiling oxidative stress markers and cardiovascular complications in chronic kidney disease patients supplemented with vitamin E.","authors":"Leila Azouaou, Mounir Adnane, Omar Chabati, Medina Arab, Toualbi Chahine, Henni Chader","doi":"10.5114/amsad/192427","DOIUrl":"10.5114/amsad/192427","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cardiovascular diseases are common complications in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Oxidative stress associated with renal and metabolic dysfunctions is one of the cardiovascular complications (CVC) in haemodialysis patients. The aim of the present study is to analyse the oxidative stress markers in CDK patients supplemented with antioxidants and vitamin E, with monitoring of CVC.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This was a cross-sectional study conducted on 99 subjects. CKD patients received oral supplementation of vitamin E (300 mg/day) for 2 years. Oxidative stress markers, nitric oxide (NO); myeloperoxidase (MPO); oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDLox); malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione were measured before and after the vitamin treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>NO (62.62 ±2.80 μmol/l), LDLox (10.55 ±4.62 μmol/l), MDA (6.11 ±2.83 μmol/l) and MPO (53.35 ±3.82 UI/ml) were overconcentrated, while glutathione (62.09 ±4.15 UI/ml) was less concentrated in CKD patients with cardiovascular complications, compared to those without cardiovascular complications (67.08 ±1.90 μmol/l, 31.18 ±5.25 μmol/l, 16 ±6.47 μmol/l, 57.00 ±7.24 UI/ml, 43.09 ±3.33 UI/ml, respectively). After 2 years of vitamin E treatment, the overall cardiovascular complications were not significantly decreased.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results showed that oral complementation with vitamin E did not affect the occurrence of cardiovascular complications associated with CKD. These findings may pave the way for future innovative strategies for antioxidant supplementation in CKD patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":516556,"journal":{"name":"Archives of medical sciences. Atherosclerotic diseases","volume":"9 ","pages":"e183-e192"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11571200/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142670218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}