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Foreign workers in the West: The regulation of migrant “Unfreedom” in Saskatchewan 西方的外国工人:萨斯喀彻温省移民“不自由”的管制
IF 2.7 3区 社会学
Canadian Review of Sociology-Revue Canadienne De Sociologie Pub Date : 2022-08-29 DOI: 10.1111/cars.12395
Andrew Stevens
{"title":"Foreign workers in the West: The regulation of migrant “Unfreedom” in Saskatchewan","authors":"Andrew Stevens","doi":"10.1111/cars.12395","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cars.12395","url":null,"abstract":"<p>For the first time in generations prairie capitalism has come to rely on migrant labor. Specifically, a global division of labor that intersects with the constellation of Canada's foreign worker programs has shaped the contemporary political economic character of the “New Saskatchewan.” These programs function to construct labour markets for growing low-wage industries that exist alongside high-wage resource sector employment in Western Canada. Along with these developments, the provincial government has attempted to mitigate the “unfreedom” experienced by foreign workers through the development of the <i>Foreign Worker Recruitment and Immigration Act</i>. The paper draws from data obtained through government access to information requests and unpacks the enforcement of migrant labor rights and efforts to confront status-induced precarity in Saskatchewan.</p>","PeriodicalId":51649,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Review of Sociology-Revue Canadienne De Sociologie","volume":"59 S1","pages":"118-133"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33446537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Revisiting gender occupational segregation trends in Canada: 1991–2016 重新审视加拿大性别职业隔离趋势:1991-2016
IF 2.7 3区 社会学
Canadian Review of Sociology-Revue Canadienne De Sociologie Pub Date : 2022-08-23 DOI: 10.1111/cars.12392
Lisa Kaida, Monica Boyd
{"title":"Revisiting gender occupational segregation trends in Canada: 1991–2016","authors":"Lisa Kaida,&nbsp;Monica Boyd","doi":"10.1111/cars.12392","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cars.12392","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Despite continued interest in gender (in)equality at work, Canadian research on gender occupational segregation stopped in the early 2000s. We revisit gender occupational segregation trends using newly developed harmonized occupational categories which resolve temporal changes in occupational classifications. Our analysis of the 1991–2016 Canadian Census Masterfiles finds gender occupational segregation, whether measured by the index of dissimilarity or Gini index, has steadily decreased since the 1990s. Yet the pace of its decline has slowed since 2000. This can be explained by the diminishing changes in vertical segregation, measured by inequality in earnings across occupations. Our results contribute to an ongoing debate about a stalled gender revolution. We also suggest new topics for future study.</p>","PeriodicalId":51649,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Review of Sociology-Revue Canadienne De Sociologie","volume":"59 S1","pages":"4-25"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40721461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Educational mobility in Canada, 1969–2016: Evidence from the longitudinal and international study of adults 加拿大教育流动，1969-2016:来自成人纵向和国际研究的证据
IF 2.7 3区 社会学
Canadian Review of Sociology-Revue Canadienne De Sociologie Pub Date : 2022-08-18 DOI: 10.1111/cars.12393
Stephen Sartor
{"title":"Educational mobility in Canada, 1969–2016: Evidence from the longitudinal and international study of adults","authors":"Stephen Sartor","doi":"10.1111/cars.12393","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cars.12393","url":null,"abstract":"<p>That young Canadians are obtaining more education than previous generations might suggest that the relationship between parents’ education and that of their children has weakened. However, accounts of intergenerational educational mobility in Canada published in the past two decades are scant. Drawing on the Longitudinal and International Study of Adults, this paper examines trends in intergenerational educational mobility from 1969 to 2016. Adopting an educational transition approach, I find no change in the relative relationship between parents’ and children's education over time despite the structural expansion of education. The results of a Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition suggest the upgrading of parents’ education across cohorts partially explains this stability. The analyses further reveal a bifurcation in Canada's post-secondary system whereby higher parental education provides and advantage to youth for university degree completion while those whose parents have less education make their way to other post-secondary institutions.</p>","PeriodicalId":51649,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Review of Sociology-Revue Canadienne De Sociologie","volume":"59 S1","pages":"98-117"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40423165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mine, yours, ours, or no one's? Homeownership arrangements among cohabiting and married couples 我的，你的，我们的，还是没人的?同居及已婚夫妇居者有其屋安排
IF 2.7 3区 社会学
Canadian Review of Sociology-Revue Canadienne De Sociologie Pub Date : 2022-08-16 DOI: 10.1111/cars.12394
Maude Pugliese, Hélène Belleau
{"title":"Mine, yours, ours, or no one's? Homeownership arrangements among cohabiting and married couples","authors":"Maude Pugliese,&nbsp;Hélène Belleau","doi":"10.1111/cars.12394","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cars.12394","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Multiple studies examine how couples organize their economic resources, but most focus on wages, with little attention to assets. This paper helps to fill this research gap in Québec (Canada) by asking what proportion of married and cohabiting different-sex couples of working age jointly own their primary residence, instead of remaining in more independent arrangements regarding this asset—either through individual ownership of the home by the man or the woman or by not owning one at all. Also, drawing on transaction cost and institutional approaches to economic organization, we explore variation on several relationship characteristics. Individual ownership is uncommon, especially by the woman, but it is more prevalent among couples with little time together and who do not have children. Individual ownership is also more common among income-unequal couples than equal ones, because, we argue, it allows primary earners to cover housing costs without transferring wealth. Those results advance knowledge on both within-household wealth inequality and conjugal redistributive practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":51649,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Review of Sociology-Revue Canadienne De Sociologie","volume":"59 S1","pages":"48-73"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40617662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The extreme gendering of COVID−19: Household tasks and division of labour satisfaction during the pandemic COVID - 19的极端性别化:大流行期间的家务和劳动分工满意度
IF 2.7 3区 社会学
Canadian Review of Sociology-Revue Canadienne De Sociologie Pub Date : 2022-08-10 DOI: 10.1111/cars.12391
Timothy J. Haney, Kristen Barber
{"title":"The extreme gendering of COVID−19: Household tasks and division of labour satisfaction during the pandemic","authors":"Timothy J. Haney,&nbsp;Kristen Barber","doi":"10.1111/cars.12391","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cars.12391","url":null,"abstract":"<p>For many years, scholars have directed our attention to the gender gap in domestic labour. Even when women engage in paid employment, they nevertheless perform the majority of the household labour in most wealthy countries. At the same time, disasters and crises both expose and exacerbate existing social inequalities. In this paper, we ask: in what ways has the COVID−19 pandemic contributed to the gender gap in household labour, including childcare? How do women and men feel about this gap? Using data from the Canadian Perspectives survey series (Wave 3), conducted by Statistics Canada three months into the pandemic, our analyses consider the task distribution that made household labour intensely unequal during COVID−19, with women ten times more likely than men to say childcare fell mostly on them, for example. Yet, in nearly all of our models, women did not ubiquitously report being more dissatisfied with the division of domestic tasks within the house, nor were they more likely than men to say that the household division of labour “got worse” during COVID; however, parents did feel that it got worse. We discuss what these findings mean for women's mental health, long-term paid labour, and interpersonal power, and raise questions about why it is we are not seeing a decrease in women's reported satisfaction with this division of labour. These findings spotlight gender inequality and the family as ongoing pillars of capitalism, and how the structural and interpersonal weathering of the pandemic comes at a particularly great expense to women.</p>","PeriodicalId":51649,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Review of Sociology-Revue Canadienne De Sociologie","volume":"59 S1","pages":"26-47"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/98/2b/CARS-59-26.PMC9537987.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40599006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Climate denial in Canada and the United States 加拿大和美国否认气候变化
IF 2.7 3区 社会学
Canadian Review of Sociology-Revue Canadienne De Sociologie Pub Date : 2022-06-21 DOI: 10.1111/cars.12388
Shelley Boulianne, Stephanie Belland
{"title":"Climate denial in Canada and the United States","authors":"Shelley Boulianne,&nbsp;Stephanie Belland","doi":"10.1111/cars.12388","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cars.12388","url":null,"abstract":"<p>One type of climate change denial is the belief that climate change is naturally occurring instead of human caused; this form of denial is known as attribution skepticism or soft denial. While considerable research has addressed outright climate change denial, little research has focused specifically on soft denial and its complex and politicized relationship with science. We examine this form of denial using original survey data collected in 2017 in the United States (<i>n</i> = 1510) and in 2019 in Canada (<i>n</i> = 1545). Contrary to expectations about the United States being more divided by political ideology on the topic of climate change, we find that – after accounting for trust in political leaders – Canadians’ views are driven more by ideological position than those of Americans. In the United States, climate denial is related to trust in President Trump as a source of information about climate change. The study of soft denial is important as it undermines the rationale for climate change solutions.</p>","PeriodicalId":51649,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Review of Sociology-Revue Canadienne De Sociologie","volume":"59 3","pages":"369-394"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ec/07/CARS-59-369.PMC9539953.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40122052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Sociographie des ritualités funéraires en temps de pandémie: des rites empêchés aux rites appropriés 流行病时期葬礼仪式的社会学:从被禁止的仪式到适当的仪式
IF 2.7 3区 社会学
Canadian Review of Sociology-Revue Canadienne De Sociologie Pub Date : 2022-06-17 DOI: 10.1111/cars.12390
Jacques Cherblanc, Emmanuelle Zech, Geneviève Gauthier, Chantal Verdon, Chantale Simard, Christiane Bergeron-Leclerc, Josée Grenier, Danielle Maltais, Susan Cadell, Livia Sani, Marie-Frédérique Bacqué
{"title":"Sociographie des ritualités funéraires en temps de pandémie: des rites empêchés aux rites appropriés","authors":"Jacques Cherblanc,&nbsp;Emmanuelle Zech,&nbsp;Geneviève Gauthier,&nbsp;Chantal Verdon,&nbsp;Chantale Simard,&nbsp;Christiane Bergeron-Leclerc,&nbsp;Josée Grenier,&nbsp;Danielle Maltais,&nbsp;Susan Cadell,&nbsp;Livia Sani,&nbsp;Marie-Frédérique Bacqué","doi":"10.1111/cars.12390","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cars.12390","url":null,"abstract":"<p>COVID-19 has led to unprecedented health and social measures in several countries, including major restrictions on funeral rituals. These restrictions concerned pre-mortem, peri-mortem and post-mortem rites. Based on a longitudinal study of 955 French-speaking Canadians bereaved of a loved one during the pandemic, this article describes the reality of these impediments. Through an analysis of the quantitative and qualitative data collected, it is possible to identify the gap between desired and realized funeral rituals during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. The results show important hindrances to the various desired rituals, yet some ritual and symbolic creativity by the bereaved.</p>","PeriodicalId":51649,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Review of Sociology-Revue Canadienne De Sociologie","volume":"59 3","pages":"348-368"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76396581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Fading into the woodwork: Doula work and hospital-based practice 淡出木制品:导乐工作和基于医院的实践
IF 2.7 3区 社会学
Canadian Review of Sociology-Revue Canadienne De Sociologie Pub Date : 2022-06-11 DOI: 10.1111/cars.12389
Christina Young
{"title":"Fading into the woodwork: Doula work and hospital-based practice","authors":"Christina Young","doi":"10.1111/cars.12389","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cars.12389","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Doulas offer emotional support to women during pregnancy, childbirth, and the early postpartum period. In hospitals, doulas support their clients without holding formal status as employees or as a regulated profession. Drawing on interviews with 26 doulas in Toronto, Canada, along with analyses of the legacy of medical dominance in maternity care, I examine how doulas accomplish their work in hospitals. I find that doulas face challenges accessing physical resources and struggle to provide their model of care in light of routine hospital procedures and interventions. In response, many doulas develop strategies to address the constraints imposed by their work contexts. These findings suggest that the medical model of birth is resistant to even minor modifications or perspectives that view birth holistically rather than solely dependent on medical intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":51649,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Review of Sociology-Revue Canadienne De Sociologie","volume":"59 3","pages":"395-411"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82940950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Why is trust lower in Quebec? A cultural explanation 为什么魁北克的信任度较低?文化解释
IF 2.7 3区 社会学
Canadian Review of Sociology-Revue Canadienne De Sociologie Pub Date : 2022-06-11 DOI: 10.1111/cars.12385
Cary Wu, Andrew Dawson
{"title":"Why is trust lower in Quebec? A cultural explanation","authors":"Cary Wu,&nbsp;Andrew Dawson","doi":"10.1111/cars.12385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cars.12385","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this article, we provide a cultural explanation of a long-standing trust puzzle in Canada—Quebecers trust much less than their fellow Canadians. Specifically, we develop a novel approach to empirically assess the historical influence of the Catholic Church, using the Quiet Revolution (a period of abrupt modernization in Quebec) as a natural experiment. We find that older cohorts socialized prior to the Quiet Revolution are significantly less trusting—a distinctive trend that is most pronounced among Catholics. Conversely, in the rest of Canada older cohorts are more trusting, following the trend commonly found in other countries. Furthermore, measures of both religious beliefs and modernization account for a large part of the birth cohort trust gap in Quebec. The findings suggest that low trust in Quebec is rooted in the province's Catholic cultural heritage, but that the legacy of the Quiet Revolution is gradually changing the trust culture.</p>","PeriodicalId":51649,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Review of Sociology-Revue Canadienne De Sociologie","volume":"59 3","pages":"309-329"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137511375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
COVID-19 and views of imprisonment in a sample of prison tourists 2019冠状病毒病与监狱游客对监禁的看法
IF 2.7 3区 社会学
Canadian Review of Sociology-Revue Canadienne De Sociologie Pub Date : 2022-06-09 DOI: 10.1111/cars.12387
Carolyn Côté-Lussier, Kevin Walby, Justin Piché
{"title":"COVID-19 and views of imprisonment in a sample of prison tourists","authors":"Carolyn Côté-Lussier,&nbsp;Kevin Walby,&nbsp;Justin Piché","doi":"10.1111/cars.12387","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cars.12387","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed large segments of the global population to the experience of restricted freedoms. In Canada, COVID-19-related measures led to a decrease of mobility within the country, prohibiting access to public and private spaces for prolonged periods of time. This study addresses the effects of the pandemic and related restrictions on views of imprisonment, drawing on a sample of individuals who took part in a tour of the HI Ottawa Jail Hostel (<i>N</i> = 102) in pre- and peri-COVID-19 contexts. The results provide some support for the hypothesis that the uncertainty and existential threat brought about by the pandemic may have contributed to more stringent support for imprisonment and increased punitiveness. However, the results are limited by the small sample size and sample composition. Future directions for research on the impact of the pandemic on public views of imprisonment are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":51649,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Review of Sociology-Revue Canadienne De Sociologie","volume":"59 3","pages":"412-426"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cars.12387","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74058464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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