Euroasian journal of hepato-gastroenterology最新文献

{"title":"Multidisciplinary Consensus for Rationalizing the Use of Acid Suppressants in Children and Adults: CONFOR.","authors":"Ram Y Prabhoo, Uday A Pai, Arun Wadhwa, Bhanu V Pillai, Chris D'souza, Manav Wadhawan, Manish Bhatnagar, Meena R Prabhoo, Sadanand Shetty, Venkatesh P Seshadri, Shrish Bhatnagar, Subhash C Manchanda, Vijay Kher","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10018-1430","DOIUrl":"10.5005/jp-journals-10018-1430","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The use of acid suppression therapy (AST) is a common approach for managing a wide spectrum of acid peptic disorders. Histamine type 2-receptor antagonists (H2RAs) and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are the most widely prescribed AST in routine clinical practice. However, an exponential surge in the prescriptions of PPIs, such as Omeprazole, Esomeprazole, Pantoprazole, Lansoprazole in recent years and their associated adverse effects have raised concern about their inappropriate and overuse, both in children and adults. To address these issues, a three-step modified Delphi polling process was employed to establish best practice consensus statements for rationalizing the use of acid suppressants. A multidisciplinary expert panel of 13 health professionals across medical specialties, including gastroenterologists, hepatologists, pediatric gastroenterologists, pediatricians, otolaryngologists, cardiologists, nephrologists, gynecologist and orthopedists actively contributed to this collaborative process of consensus development. The expert panel proposed 21 consensus statements providing best practice points on the general use and safety of acid suppressants based on a comprehensive review of scientific literature and clinical expertise. The panel also collaboratively developed a PPI deprescribing algorithm. Altogether, this consensus paper offers evidence-based recommendations and guidance for the rational use of acid suppressants with a blueprint for deprescribing PPIs. This consensus paper contributes to aiding primary care practitioners in improving patient outcomes and minimizing healthcare costs. Additionally, it enhances patient safety and curtail inappropriate usage.</p><p><strong>How to cite this article: </strong>Prabhoo RY, Pai UA, Wadhwa A, <i>et al</i>. Multidisciplinary Consensus for Rationalizing the Use of Acid Suppressants in Children and Adults: CONFOR. Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2024;14(1):99-119.</p>","PeriodicalId":516317,"journal":{"name":"Euroasian journal of hepato-gastroenterology","volume":"14 1","pages":"99-119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11249898/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141636406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (¹H NMR) Metabolomics Study in Serum, Urine, and Cystic Fluid for Differentiating Fertility and Staging of Intra-abdominal Hydatid Cyst in Adults.","authors":"Nikhil Raj, Anshuman Pandey, Raja Roy, Manodeep Sen, Jyotsna Agarwal","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10018-1416","DOIUrl":"10.5005/jp-journals-10018-1416","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a parasitic zoonosis caused by the tapeworm <i>Echinococcus granulosus.</i> Over the past few years, a lot of research has been done on liver illnesses using metabolomics techniques to identify biomarkers which could identify the diseases in its early stages. The present study was done to explore biomarkers in serum, urine, and cystic fluid which would help in differentiating, staging, and assessing fertility of intra-abdominal hydatid cyst by using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H NMR) metabolomics.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In the study, 28 subjects (16 cases and 12 controls) were enrolled. Staging of hydatid cysts was performed using ultrasonography. In patients complying with case and control definition, blood, urine, and cystic fluid were collected for complete blood count, urine culture, Echinococcus IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and metabolomic analysis. The 17, 15, and 11 metabolites in serum, urine, and cystic fluid samples were quantified, respectively, to differentiate between case and control group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, we observed that there was a significant downregulation of succinate metabolite in urine samples of cases, down-regulation of five metabolites (isoleucine, valine, histidine, tyrosine and formate) and upregulation of alanine in cystic fluid of cases.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Current study demonstrates that metabolomics can be used non-invasively for rapid diagnosis of CE. This is one of the very few studies, which used ¹H NMR spectroscopy, to analyze the profile of metabolites in serum, urine, and cystic fluid in cases of CE and controls.</p><p><strong>How to cite this article: </strong>Raj N, Pandey A, Roy R, <i>et al</i>. Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR) Metabolomics Study in Serum, Urine, and Cystic Fluid for Differentiating Fertility and Staging of Intra-abdominal Hydatid Cyst in Adults. Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2024;14(1):30-34.</p>","PeriodicalId":516317,"journal":{"name":"Euroasian journal of hepato-gastroenterology","volume":"14 1","pages":"30-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11249894/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141636426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vision for the Journal in the Second Quarter of 21^st Century.","authors":"","doi":"10.5005/ejohg-14-1-iv","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5005/ejohg-14-1-iv","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":516317,"journal":{"name":"Euroasian journal of hepato-gastroenterology","volume":"14 1","pages":"iv"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11249905/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141636431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iron-deficiency Anemia Treatment with Ferric Carboxymaltose: A Real-world Quasi-experimental Study from Bangladesh.","authors":"M Morsed Zaman Miah, Md Enayet Ali Pramanik, Abdur Rafi, Mira Akhter","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10018-1422","DOIUrl":"10.5005/jp-journals-10018-1422","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gastrointestinal bleeding is the most common cause of iron deficiency in adult men and menstrual blood loss is the leading cause of iron insufficiency in women, anemia due to iron deficiency is mostly caused by blood loss. Ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) is a contemporary parenteral iron formulation that may be used therapeutically to treat anemia caused by an iron deficiency [iron-deficiency anemia (IDA)]. The main goal of the trial was to evaluate FCM's safety and efficacy in treating IDA. The Department of Hematology, Rajshahi Medical College Hospital, Rajshahi, Bangladesh participated in this quasi-experimental research, which comprised adult patients with IDA. Participants were given an intravenous (IV) infusion of 500 mg of FCM, diluted in 100 mL of 0.9% normal saline, throughout a 30-minute period after their participation. The second dosage of FCM was administered after a 7-day period of the first dose. The comparison of the outcomes [hemoglobin (Hb) level, serum ferritin level, and other hematological parameters] between the baseline and day 14 postintervention was done using a paired <i>t</i>-test. Compared to baseline, patients' Hb levels rose considerably (<i>p</i> = 0.001) after FCM. Aside from serum ferritin level, additional hematological parameters that sharply increased were red blood cells (RBCs) count, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), red cell distribution width - coefficient of variation (RDW-CV), and iron indicators. The experiment recorded mild adverse effects such as fever, headaches, and gastrointestinal issues including vomiting, diarrhea, and constipation, but no significant adverse events. In summary, IDA may be effectively treated with FCM, a safe and secure IV medication that has no major negative effects.</p><p><strong>How to cite this article: </strong>Miah MMZ, Pramanik MEA, Rafi A, <i>et al</i>. Iron-deficiency Anemia Treatment with Ferric Carboxymaltose: A Real-world Quasi-experimental Study from Bangladesh. Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2024;14(1):12-15.</p>","PeriodicalId":516317,"journal":{"name":"Euroasian journal of hepato-gastroenterology","volume":"14 1","pages":"12-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11249889/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141636404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is Aspartate Aminotransferase to Platelet Ratio Index a Better Noninvasive Score for Predicting Advanced Fibrosis in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Patients?","authors":"Priyansh D Bhayani, Sarojini A Parameswaran, Kallippatti R Palaniswamy, Paramasivan Piramanayagam, Natarajan Murugan","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10018-1425","DOIUrl":"10.5005/jp-journals-10018-1425","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In the 21st century, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent liver disorder. The prevalence of NAFLD within the general population in India ranges from 9 to 53%. The gold standard for assessing the severity of liver fibrosis is liver biopsy. However, due to various difficulties involved with liver biopsy, it is imperative to identify different non-invasive tools that can replace liver biopsy.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A prospective observational study of 130 patients meeting the inclusion criteria for NAFLD was done for a period of 18 months. We aimed to compare the performance characteristics of different noninvasive scores [fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) score, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis score (NFS), and aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index (APRI)] in predicting advanced fibrosis as assessed by FibroScan.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the study, 76.9% of patients were male. Advanced fibrosis was seen in 12.3% of the patients. Majority of the patients with advanced fibrosis had metabolic syndrome. Based on the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC), the new cut-off for ruling out advanced fibrosis for FIB-4, NFS, and APRI were 1.18, -0.9, and 0.65, respectively, and APRI had the best AUROC (0.768).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Abnormal glycemic status and metabolic syndrome were risk factors for advanced fibrosis. The newly derived cut-offs for the FIB-4 score, NFS score, and APRI score had a better Negative predictive value compared to the original cut-offs.</p><p><strong>How to cite this article: </strong>Bhayani PD, Parameswaran SA, Palaniswamy KR, <i>et al.</i> Is Aspartate Aminotransferase to Platelet Ratio Index a Better Noninvasive Score for Predicting Advanced Fibrosis in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Patients? Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2024;14(1):35-39.</p>","PeriodicalId":516317,"journal":{"name":"Euroasian journal of hepato-gastroenterology","volume":"14 1","pages":"35-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11249902/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141636405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postcholecystectomy Duodenal Injuries, Their Management, and Review of the Literature.","authors":"Jair Diaz-Martinez, Nayelli Pérez-Correa","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10018-1427","DOIUrl":"10.5005/jp-journals-10018-1427","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Backgrounds: </strong>Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is the gold standard for treating gallstones; however, it is not free of complications. Postcholecystectomy duodenal injuries are rare but challenging complications after cholecystectomy. The objective of this study was to analyze the management of postcholecystectomy duodenal injuries and to review the related literature.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>An observational and retrospective study was conducted. We included all patients with postcholecystectomy duodenal injuries treated at a reference center, from January 2019 to December 2023. In addition, a review of the literature was carried out.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifteen patients were found, mostly women; with gallbladder wall thickening on ultrasound (mean of 8 mm). The majority were emergency (<i>n</i> = 12, 80%) and LCs (<i>n</i> = 8, 53.33%). Cholecystectomies were reported to be associated with excessive difficulty (<i>n</i> = 10, 66.66%). The most injured duodenal portion was the first portion (<i>n</i> = 9, 60%), and blunt dissection was the most common mechanism of injury (<i>n</i> = 7, 46.66%). Most of these injuries were detected in the operating room (<i>n</i> = 9, 60%), and treated with primary closure (<i>n</i> = 11, 73.33%). Three patients with delayed injuries died (20%). According to the literature reviewed, 93 duodenal injuries were found, mostly detected intraoperatively, in the second portion, and treated with primary closure. A minority of patients were treated with more complex procedures, for a mortality rate of 15.38%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Postcholecystectomy duodenal injuries are rare. Most of these injuries are detected and repaired intraoperatively. However, a high percentage of patients have high morbidity and mortality.</p><p><strong>How to cite this article: </strong>Diaz-Martinez J, Pérez-Correa N. Postcholecystectomy Duodenal Injuries, Their Management, and Review of the Literature. Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2024;14(1):44-50.</p>","PeriodicalId":516317,"journal":{"name":"Euroasian journal of hepato-gastroenterology","volume":"14 1","pages":"44-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11249893/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141636425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Dynamics of the Prevalence of Acute Viral Hepatitis and the Strategies against Viral Hepatitis in Mongolia.","authors":"Batsukh Badamnachin, Tegshjargal Badamjav, Ganchimeg Dondov, Gantogtokh Dashjamts, Chinbayar Tserendorj, Tulgaa Lonjid, Bilegtsaikhan Tsolmon, Batbold Batsaikhan","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10018-1435","DOIUrl":"10.5005/jp-journals-10018-1435","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common cancer in Mongolia. The relative importance of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections in HCC etiology is known to vary greatly from one part of the world to another. Principally, 95% of HCC patients have chronic viral hepatitis, including 53% hepatitis B virus, 38.9% HCV, and 5.6% have HBV/HCV coinfection. Hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection is widely spread in our country, anti-HDV has been found in more than 25% of carriers who have HBsAg.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We analyzed data of patients who had been diagnosed with acute viral hepatitis in the Department of adult hepatitis, National Center for Communicable Diseases in Mongolia from 1952 to 2018.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 318,831 cases of acute viral hepatitis were registered in Mongolia between 1981 and 2019, which is 34.9 cases per 10,000 population. Of these, 265,931 cases of acute viral hepatitis A, or 28.6 per 10,000 populations, 48,855 cases of acute viral hepatitis B, or 5.5 cases per 10,000 populations, and 2,607 cases of acute viral hepatitis C, or 0.4 cases per 10,000 populations were recorded.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence of viral hepatitis in our country was the highest in 1981-1991, but since 2012, the prevalence of infection has steadily decreased. In Mongolia, since 1960, multifaceted programs and activities to combat viral hepatitis have been successfully implemented at the national level.</p><p><strong>How to cite this article: </strong>Badamnachin B, Badamjav T, Dondov G, <i>et al</i>. The Dynamics of the Prevalence of Acute Viral Hepatitis and the Strategies against Viral Hepatitis in Mongolia. Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2024;14(1):65-69.</p>","PeriodicalId":516317,"journal":{"name":"Euroasian journal of hepato-gastroenterology","volume":"14 1","pages":"65-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11249897/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141636427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ursodeoxycholic Acid's Effectiveness in the Management of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.","authors":"Vaibhavi S Patel, Safa F Mahmood, Kunal H Bhatt, Richisha M Khemkar, Devanshi R Jariwala, Bilal Harris, Mirna M George, Reuel A Kurudamannil, Onyekachi E Anyagwa, Rajeeka S Tak, Maha Kassem","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10018-1434","DOIUrl":"10.5005/jp-journals-10018-1434","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This meta-analysis's objective was to assess the effectiveness of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) in the management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Electronic databases like PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane Library were thoroughly looked for randomized controlled trials determining ursodeoxycholic acid's (UDCAs) effectiveness on the serum liver function tests in NAFLD patients. After screening, seven randomized controlled trials were incorporated overall. Utilizing a fixed effects model, quantitative data synthesis was performed in R version 4.3.1.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The meta-analysis showed significant reductions in alanine transaminase (ALT) (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.0001), aspartate transaminase (<i>p</i> = 0.0009), and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.0001) after UDCA therapy. However, significant reductions in bilirubin (<i>p</i> = 0.6989) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (<i>p</i> = 0.1172) levels were not noted. Sensitivity analysis by removing the studies with some concerns of bias was successful in demonstrating a remarkable reduction in heterogeneity for aspartate transaminase and ALP, which was also observed while performing the subgroup analyses via dosage.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ursodeoxycholic acid was beneficial in patients diagnosed with NAFLD as it significantly reduced aspartate transaminase, ALT and GGT levels. However, more randomized controlled trials are required to be conducted in the future to increase the certainty of the evident findings.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>This meta-analysis strengthens the evidence about the reductions in AST, ALT, and GGT levels observed with ursodeoxycholic acid therapy in NAFLD patients by pooling the data together from the latest RCTs thus proving its hepatoprotective effects which can be beneficial in preventing the associated complications.</p><p><strong>How to cite this article: </strong>Patel VS, Mahmood SF, Bhatt KH, et al. Ursodeoxycholic Acid's Effectiveness in the Management of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2024;14(1):92-98.</p>","PeriodicalId":516317,"journal":{"name":"Euroasian journal of hepato-gastroenterology","volume":"14 1","pages":"92-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11249908/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141636429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combination of Precut Techniques in Difficult Biliary Cannulation.","authors":"Azar Abiyev, Barış Tuzcu, Gülden Bilican, Harun Küçük, Serkan Dumanlı, Seçkin Özgül, Mustafa Ergin, Güner Kılıç, Ali Karataş, Murat Kekilli","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10018-1428","DOIUrl":"10.5005/jp-journals-10018-1428","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Selective biliary cannulation (SBC) is a prerequisite for successful endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). SBC has the potential to fail in as many as 20% of cases, even with skilled endoscopists. Precut incision techniques like needle-knife sphincterotomy (NKS) and transpancreatic septotomy (TPS) can be used in cases where standard cannulation techniques fail. However, these precut techniques may also fail in some cases. We aimed to evaluate the procedural success of the combined TPS + NKS technique in difficult biliary cannulation.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>The study included 289 patients who underwent ERCP with precut techniques from 2017 to 2022. Patients were classified into the following three groups and evaluated retrospectively in terms of cannulation success, and ERCP-related adverse effects: Transpancreatic septotomy, NKS, and TPS + NKS; statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS), version 29.0, software was used to analyze the data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The success rate of SBC was 69% in the TPS group, 75.3% in the NCS group, and 87% in the TPS + NCS group. There was no significant difference between the NKS and TPS + NKS groups. Cannulation success in both NKS group and NKS + TPS groups was significantly higher than in the TPS group (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Complication rates were similar.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In cases where standard sphincterotomy and precut techniques fail, a second precut technique can be used. A previous TPS does not prevent NKS.</p><p><strong>How to cite this article: </strong>Abiyev A, Tuzcu B, Bilican G, <i>et al</i>. Combination of Precut Techniques in Difficult Biliary Cannulation. Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2024;14(1):56-59.</p>","PeriodicalId":516317,"journal":{"name":"Euroasian journal of hepato-gastroenterology","volume":"14 1","pages":"56-59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11249887/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141636421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Healthcare-associated Diarrhea due to <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> in Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital of North India.","authors":"Nikhil Raj, Jyotsna Agarwal, Vikramjeet Singh, Manodeep Sen, Anupam Das","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10018-1429","DOIUrl":"10.5005/jp-journals-10018-1429","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Healthcare-associated diarrhea (HCAD) is diarrhea that develops at least after 3 days of hospitalization, with the most common infectious cause being <i>Clostridioides difficile.</i> Over the last decade, there has been a remarkable growth in the frequency and severity of <i>C. difficile</i> infection (CDI), making it one of the most prevalent healthcare-associated infections. This study aimed to analyze the prevalence and risk factors associated with CDI.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 107 patients with clinical suspicion of having HCAD were included in this study. Enzyme-linked fluorescent assay (ELFA) technique-based glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) and toxin A/B assay were used as per the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID) for diagnosing CDI. The details about associated comorbidities were retrieved from the hospital information system records. The presence of risk factors was noted. Risk factors associated with CDI were looked for.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of the 107 stool samples received in the microbiology laboratory from patients with suspected HCAD eight (7.6%) samples were positive for CDI. The most frequent comorbidity observed in these patients was renal illness (acute or chronic kidney disease). In this study, a total of 7/8 cases were on multiple antibiotics most common being carbapenem.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The 6-year prevalence of CDI observed in this study was found to be 7.6% risk factors, associated with CDI were kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, malignancy, and exposure to broad-spectrum antibiotics.</p><p><strong>How to cite this article: </strong>Raj N, Agarwal J, Singh V, <i>et al</i>. Healthcare-associated Diarrhea due to Clostridioides difficile in Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital of North India. Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2024;14(1):60-64.</p>","PeriodicalId":516317,"journal":{"name":"Euroasian journal of hepato-gastroenterology","volume":"14 1","pages":"60-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11249909/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141636401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}