Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology最新文献

{"title":"Discrimination faced by radiology residents: an analysis of experiences and mitigation strategies","authors":"","doi":"10.1067/j.cpradiol.2024.05.013","DOIUrl":"10.1067/j.cpradiol.2024.05.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Rationale and objectives</h3><p>Literature shows that discrimination has been pervasive in the field of medicine. The aim of this study was to collect experiences related to discrimination among US radiology residents, including type and source, as well as the residents’ perception on lectures about discrimination and harassment. We also explored the barriers to reporting, and suggested strategies to overcome them.</p></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><p>Following Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval, an online survey was sent to program directors and coordinators across the US, who were asked to forward the link to their radiology residents. A reminder email was sent over a period of 4 months. The participants were reassured the survey was confidential and anonymous.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Among the respondents, the most reported types of discrimination were based in gender, race and nationality, the majority of which not being reported. The most common perpetrators were attending radiologists, co-residents, technologists, and patients. The main barriers for reporting were fear of retaliation, confidentiality concerns, and skepticism about a positive outcome.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our study examines some experiences of discrimination shared by residents during their training, with gender and race being the most common causes. This sheds light into a hidden and unspoken issue and highlights the need for more active discussions in radiology on microaggressions and implicit bias. Our data can guide future studies as well as residency programs to build effective strategies to address discrimination, aiming for sustainable changes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51617,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology","volume":"53 5","pages":"Pages 600-605"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11283936/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140878165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cinematic rendering of primary adrenal lymphoma","authors":"","doi":"10.1067/j.cpradiol.2024.05.005","DOIUrl":"10.1067/j.cpradiol.2024.05.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Primary adrenal lymphoma (PAL) is a particularly rare subset of malignant adrenal neoplasms, accounting for ∼1% of all non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Reported outcomes of PAL, though limited, are dismal, with a 12-month survival rate of ∼20%. PAL is treated with polychemotherapy and early tissue diagnosis to allow initiation of chemotherapy is associated with improved outcomes. Early and accurate radiological diagnosis of PAL is therefore essential in improving outcomes through informing decisions to biopsy and thereby facilitating timely initiation of chemotherapy. To date, however, imaging features of PAL have not been conclusively defined, and a range of divergent imaging appearances have been reported. Cinematic rendering (CR) is a 3D post-processing technique that simulates the propagation and interaction of photons as they pass through the imaged volume. This results in the generation of more photorealistic images that may allow for more comprehensive visualization, description and interpretation of anatomical structures. This manuscript presents the first characterization of the various CR appearances of PAL in the reported literature and provides commentary on the clinical opportunities afforded by CR in the workup of these heterogenous tumors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51617,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology","volume":"53 5","pages":"Pages 641-647"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140913591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The gap year for college students interested in medicine: Can they contribute to your mission?","authors":"Elliot K. Fishman MD,&nbsp;Elias Lugo-Fagundo BS,&nbsp;Linda C. Chu MD,&nbsp;Ryan C. Rizk MS","doi":"10.1067/j.cpradiol.2024.05.011","DOIUrl":"10.1067/j.cpradiol.2024.05.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Gap years taken between undergraduate completion and entrance into medical school have become increasingly popular. We examine the role of gap years among college graduates interested in medicine and how they might contribute to academic research productivity within clinical environments. Recently, academic faculty have struggled to balance increasing clinical responsibilities with their scholarly endeavors. Academic medical departments may have incentives to hire pre-medical students to help ease the research burden on faculty. Properly motivated pre-medical students may view research positions in academic medical departments as ideal opportunities to learn in areas that will broaden their scientific knowledge and help prepare them for medical school, while greatly enhancing their medical school applications through distinguishing themselves as co-authors published in medical journals. Our experience, with two co-authors working as research associates while preparing for their medical school applications and careers, suggests that pre-medical students can strengthen their medical school applications during their gap year(s) while proving instrumental in enhancing research output thus alleviating the workload of clinical faculty.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51617,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology","volume":"53 4","pages":"Pages 452-454"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140900719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Writing and publishing papers in academic radiology: Why it needs to be more than a box checked for promotion","authors":"","doi":"10.1067/j.cpradiol.2024.05.007","DOIUrl":"10.1067/j.cpradiol.2024.05.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An ongoing challenge in academic radiology is balancing the need to read the scans and generate relative value units (RVUs) with the need to ensure academic leadership and the consistent production of impactful publications. Indeed, the tripartite mission of academic radiology (i.e. clinical care, research, and teaching) does not lend itself to obvious answers in an era when institutions and departments are increasingly focused on RVU generation. Even the minority of radiologists who are interested in pursuing the academic mission and accept academic jobs are likely to find their time increasingly squeezed by massive volumes of scans to read and the priority placed on RVU generation. There are often no incentives for impactful academic work, leading to a decreasing relative number of manuscript submissions from U.S.-based researchers. With the lack of external incentivization for publication, writing and publishing papers must instead be driven by intrinsic enjoyment and a sense of accomplishment. The ability to think of an idea, to get a group of co-authors together, to acquire the data and/or put together the idea into a form that is ready for final publication, and to see that process through to the end is rewarded only by personal satisfaction. Perhaps, in the era of RVU generation, publishing papers in a form of defiance of a system that is hampering the academic mission.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51617,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology","volume":"53 5","pages":"Pages 539-540"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140893052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contrasting pediatric specialty provider opinion between contextualized and structured radiology reports","authors":"","doi":"10.1067/j.cpradiol.2024.05.004","DOIUrl":"10.1067/j.cpradiol.2024.05.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Structured reporting (SR) replaced narrative (free text) reporting and utilizes templated headings and subheadings with findings typically based on the anatomy included in the examination. Its use has been widely advocated by radiology and non-radiology organizations as the new reporting standard. There are, however, shortcomings to SR, such as templated text not addressing a specific clinical indication. Contextual reporting (CR) fills this gap. CR is a type of SR which is tailored to a narrow clinical indication by including pertinent positive and negative findings for that specific clinical entity.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This study assesses provider preferences for CR as compared to SR in the pediatric practice environment using a survey methodology.</p></div><div><h3>Methods &amp; materials</h3><p>Surveys with examples of SR and CR reports were sent electronically to two groups. One group was focused on neurological diseases and included pediatric specialists in neurosurgery, neurology, ENT, ED, and ophthalmology (190 people), referred to as the pediatric neuroimaging group. The pediatric neuroimaging group survey contained examples of CR and SR reports of an orbital CT for orbital cellulitis and a head CT for stroke. The other group was focused on gastrointestinal diseases, and included pediatric specialists in gastroenterology, general surgery, and the ED (159 people), referred to as the pediatric gastrointestinal (GI) imaging group. The pediatric GI imaging group survey contained example reports of an abdominal CT for appendicitis and an MRI enterography for Crohn's disease. Surveys utilizing a 5-point Likert scale were analyzed via Fischer's exact test with a p-value deemed statistically significant at less than 0.05.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>349 individuals were contacted to participate in the survey. There were 81 (23 %, 81/349) survey respondents; 41 (22 %, 41/190) from the neuro group, and 40 (25 %, 40/159) from the GI group. 56 % (45/81) of all respondents preferred CR reports over traditional SR reports, while 29 % (23/81) did not. Most respondents (59 %, 48/81) indicated that CR reports are easier to interpret than traditional SR reports. Respondents from the pediatric neuroimaging group favored CR reports to a lesser degree (44 %, 36/81) compared to respondents from the pediatric GI imaging group (68 %, 55/81).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>We learned from this survey that it would be beneficial to be very intentional about selecting clinical indications where CR would be most valued rather than trying to develop CR for any specific clinical indication. The study results indicate it is reasonable to continue further efforts at exploring the utility of contextualized reports.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51617,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology","volume":"53 5","pages":"Pages 560-566"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140905000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The clinical year dilemma: Examining the stressors and alternatives of pre-radiology training","authors":"Thomas Stirrat BS ,&nbsp;Robert Martin DO ,&nbsp;Joseph Waller MD ,&nbsp;Arvind Dev BS ,&nbsp;Muhammad Umair MD","doi":"10.1067/j.cpradiol.2024.05.009","DOIUrl":"10.1067/j.cpradiol.2024.05.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Since its reinstatement in 1997, the effectiveness of the clinical year prior to radiology residency has been a contentious topic concerning its role in cultivating skilled radiologists. This review evaluates the limitations of the one-year internship and explores alternative approaches. Utilizing databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus, this study identified pertinent articles that aligned with the inclusion criteria for post-graduate year 1 (PGY-1) training before radiology residency. Through a qualitative analysis of the literature, the review identifies prevalent themes concerning the drawbacks of the preliminary clinical year and potential alternative strategies.</p><p>Many current trainees express skepticism about the value of the clinical year, noting a disconnect between its generalist nature and the specialized demands of subsequent radiology training. Interns felt uncertain about radiology exam indications and found radiology departments to be unapproachable, reflecting the need for alternative educational strategies to improve the preparedness and confidence of radiology interns as they transition from academic environments to clinical practice.</p><p>The preparatory clinical year prior to entering radiology residency presents a mix of utility, along with alternative approaches to structuring this year. These alternatives include incorporating it into the undergraduate medical curriculum, restructuring or designing radiology-focused clinical years, and reevaluating the overall effectiveness of the clinical year in training.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51617,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology","volume":"53 4","pages":"Pages 437-441"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140913593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of the use of active methodology on the performance of undergraduate radiology students","authors":"","doi":"10.1067/j.cpradiol.2024.05.008","DOIUrl":"10.1067/j.cpradiol.2024.05.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Rationale and objectives</h3><p>Although PBL is widely used in several countries, especially in medicine courses, its application in teaching other higher education courses, which involve fundamentals applied to radiology, is still little explored. Therefore, we aim to evaluate the implementation of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) in a higher education institution's radiology and biomedicine technologist course, focusing on specific radiology-related disciplines.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>An interventional study was developed with 78 students. An active methodology model was created and implemented for one of the groups of participants. At the beginning of each semester, students of both groups were evaluated with pre-tests. At the end of the semesters, the students performed a post-test and a validated evaluation of the discipline methodology. Repeated measures generalized linear regressive models with robust error estimators were used to evaluate test outcomes.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A significant interaction among the methodologies was found (p=0.020), with better results from students exposed to the active methodology (initial and final grades were 7.18 and 7.57 in the active methodology, respectively, and 7.45 and 6.89 in the traditional methodology, respectively). In addition, students' evaluation regarding the quality of the methodology was favorable to the active methodology with statistical significance (p&lt;0.05) in 16 of the 22 items evaluated.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The students' positive response and performance were attributed to the interaction and innovation of the methodology compared to conventional methods, highlighting the effectiveness of PBL in higher education in radiology and its potential for more participatory and contextualized learning.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51617,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology","volume":"53 5","pages":"Pages 588-595"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140893049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Female and underrepresented minority representation in radiology","authors":"","doi":"10.1067/j.cpradiol.2024.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1067/j.cpradiol.2024.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Rational and objective</h3><p>Diversity, equity, inclusion, and representation in various sectors have garnered increasing attention in the past two decades, including healthcare. In this report we investigate representation of females and underrepresented minorities (URM) in the field of radiology and asses for significant growth trends in representation in residency training programs in the United States.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>De-identified trainee demographic information for active radiology trainees from 2016 to 2021 was queried using the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME), and new radiology trainees using the National Resident Matching Program (NRMP)’s Main Residency Match Data and Reports databooks.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In 2021 females represented 26.7% of DR residency trainees and 22% of IR integrated trainees. In the same year URM trainees represented 11.3% of trainees and 8.7% of IR integrated trainees. From 2017 to 2021, diagnostic radiology had a compound average growth rate (CAGR) 1% (p &lt;0.01) of female representation and 1.12% (p&lt;0.01) of URM representation.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study quantifies female and underrepresented minority representation among radiology trainees for diagnostic radiology and radiology subspecialities, identifying modest uptrends in representation within both demographics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51617,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology","volume":"53 5","pages":"Pages 570-575"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0363018824000823/pdfft?md5=20d6dad9a516132660399c9c9444f9af&pid=1-s2.0-S0363018824000823-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140869094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peer-to-Peer Medical Student Teaching in Radiology","authors":"","doi":"10.1067/j.cpradiol.2024.05.014","DOIUrl":"10.1067/j.cpradiol.2024.05.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Medical students are often regarded purely as learners, but many can also perform well as educators. When more senior students are on service with underclassmen, especially when attendings and residents are busy, they can play an important role in helping to advance a radiology department's teaching mission.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51617,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology","volume":"53 5","pages":"Pages 544-545"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140893051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Which health conditions report the most spending on medical imaging? Evidence for Colombia","authors":"","doi":"10.1067/j.cpradiol.2024.05.003","DOIUrl":"10.1067/j.cpradiol.2024.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Medical imaging is essential for the proper diagnosis and treatment of many diseases. The literature has found that medical imaging generally accounts for a significant percentage of total healthcare spending. We analyzed a national database between 2013 and 2021, with more than 19 million patients on average, to review which health conditions account for the highest spending on medical imaging in the Colombian health system. We segmented the analysis by type of medical imaging, life cycles, health condition and sex. Our findings indicate that cardiac and mental illnesses account for the highest per capita spending on medical imaging, especially for the elderly. As a proportion of total expenditure, hypertension and tuberculosis are added, with special emphasis on the infancy-childhood life cycle.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51617,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology","volume":"53 5","pages":"Pages 567-569"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0363018824000793/pdfft?md5=a86ca960cba5ceb6eefaab40e8593b88&pid=1-s2.0-S0363018824000793-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140878166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}