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Rural Classes and Credit Participation: The Itasy Livelihood Classes (Madagascar) Between Risk-aversion and Debt Capacity 农村阶层与信贷参与:风险规避与债务能力之间的意大利生计阶层(马达加斯加)
IF 1.3
Oxford Development Studies Pub Date : 2022-07-26 DOI: 10.1080/13600818.2022.2104239
Tsiry Andrianampiarivo, C. Gondard-Delcroix
{"title":"Rural Classes and Credit Participation: The Itasy Livelihood Classes (Madagascar) Between Risk-aversion and Debt Capacity","authors":"Tsiry Andrianampiarivo, C. Gondard-Delcroix","doi":"10.1080/13600818.2022.2104239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13600818.2022.2104239","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT While technical and economic factors are traditionally advanced to explain the failures of microfinance, a growing literature explores how moral factors and socioeconomic norms help to shape financial behaviors. In order to examine this issue in more depth, we conducted an empirical analysis of the links between socioeconomic stratification and financial behaviors. This original perspective enriches the literature on financial inclusion in the under-explored Malagasy context. Using data from the 2008 Itasy Observatory survey, we conducted a cluster analysis to identify five classes of rural households, ranging from a very poor and insecure group to an upper group of educated farming and non-farming households. Using a multinomial treatment-effects model, we established distinct ‘class-based’ credit behaviors showing that financial needs vary according to the users’ socioeconomic profile. What is more, such financial behaviours can be explained by taking social factors into account in addition to economic ones.","PeriodicalId":51612,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Development Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42208114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
When coping strategies become a way of life: a gendered analysis of Syrian refugees in Lebanon 当应对策略成为一种生活方式:对黎巴嫩叙利亚难民的性别分析
IF 1.3
Oxford Development Studies Pub Date : 2022-07-08 DOI: 10.1080/13600818.2022.2096210
Saja Al Zoubi
{"title":"When coping strategies become a way of life: a gendered analysis of Syrian refugees in Lebanon","authors":"Saja Al Zoubi","doi":"10.1080/13600818.2022.2096210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13600818.2022.2096210","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Using a field survey in informal Syrian refugee camps in Lebanon, this paper analyses refugee coping strategies and demonstrates how severe strategies become a way of life. It addresses how each refugee’s strategic choices are determined by an environment that is conceptualized via four dimensions of displacement: the civil host community, national and international policy, and humanitarian aid, in addition to individual characteristics such as gender. The findings show that the gender of the household head influences the severity of coping strategies, both directly and indirectly. The likelihood of using child labour and reducing the number of daily meals is higher for female-headed households. To categorise coping strategies among refugees, a new framework is proposed based on three categorisations: survival strategies, enhancing strategies and improving strategies.","PeriodicalId":51612,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Development Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44586284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Children’s work in environmental chores: ‘says who?’ 孩子们在环境杂务方面的工作：谁说
IF 1.3
Oxford Development Studies Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.1080/13600818.2022.2092609
D. DeGraff, D. Levison, E. Dungumaro
{"title":"Children’s work in environmental chores: ‘says who?’","authors":"D. DeGraff, D. Levison, E. Dungumaro","doi":"10.1080/13600818.2022.2092609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13600818.2022.2092609","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The standard approach for collecting sociodemographic data about children in developing countries is to elicit information from adults. While using proxy respondents is appropriate for very young children or for questions likely beyond children’s knowledge, it is less clear that it is better for older children and topics within their experience. Several arguments can be made that children could provide better or equally valid information on their activities than proxy respondents. We explore this question in the context of children’s work on environmental chores in rural Tanzania, using data that include parallel questions to children ages 10–17 and to proxy respondents about those children. Given the paucity of research on this issue, we offer exploratory evidence suggesting that efforts to collect data directly from children are fruitful and should be vigorously pursued, in keeping with Article 12 of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child","PeriodicalId":51612,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Development Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44039522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
COVID-19 induced national lockdown and income inequality: evidence from Pakistan 新冠肺炎引发的全国封锁和收入不平等：来自巴基斯坦的证据
IF 1.3
Oxford Development Studies Pub Date : 2022-06-20 DOI: 10.1080/13600818.2022.2091124
Noman Ahmad, F. Rehman, Nasir Sarwar
{"title":"COVID-19 induced national lockdown and income inequality: evidence from Pakistan","authors":"Noman Ahmad, F. Rehman, Nasir Sarwar","doi":"10.1080/13600818.2022.2091124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13600818.2022.2091124","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT COVID-19 posits two risks to developing countries. On the one hand, growing COVID-19 cases exposed the vulnerabilities of the already debilitating health sector, while, on the other hand, policies to control the spread of COVID-19 can exasperate economic disparities. In this article, we examine one such policy response to control the spread of COVID-19 by the Government of Pakistan, the National Lockdown. This study assesses a plausible impact of this policy response on income equality across Pakistan. By exploiting a nationally representative household survey, it is observed that COVID-19 induced national lockdown is associated with increased income inequality in Pakistan. Our estimates show that about a 16 percent increase in income differences between the top 10 and the bottom 10 percent of the population could be associated with national lockdowns. Gini Coefficient also indicates an up to 3 percent increase in inequality after lockdown. At the disaggregated level, the suggestive evidence shows that inequality has increased within the urban population. Interestingly, the lockdown has also increased the inequality within occupations that can be managed remotely from home.","PeriodicalId":51612,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Development Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42778739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Is rural household debt sustainable in a financially included region? Evidence from three districts of Kerala, India 在金融包容性地区，农村家庭债务可持续吗?来自印度喀拉拉邦三个地区的证据
IF 1.3
Oxford Development Studies Pub Date : 2022-06-15 DOI: 10.1080/13600818.2022.2088718
Remya Tressa Jacob, Rudra Sensarma, G. Nair
{"title":"Is rural household debt sustainable in a financially included region? Evidence from three districts of Kerala, India","authors":"Remya Tressa Jacob, Rudra Sensarma, G. Nair","doi":"10.1080/13600818.2022.2088718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13600818.2022.2088718","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper explores whether institutional change brought about by financial inclusion results in sustainable debt management by households. We analyze household indebtedness and its various dimensions using primary data collected from 600 households across 3 districts of rural Kerala in India. We find that more than half of the sample households are indebted. Using flow and stock analysis, we assess the repayment capacity of households. While the flow analysis based on interest and income comparison shows that debt is sustainable, the stock analysis indicates an alarming debt situation considering the illiquid nature of land assets. Both agricultural and non-agricultural households appeared to be caught in a debt trap. Our econometric analyses show that socio-economic factors like education and age of the household head, main source of household income and household asset value without land, are significant determinants of household level indebtedness.","PeriodicalId":51612,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Development Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45013678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Thick concept but thin theories: a case for sector-based anti-corruption strategy 概念厚理论薄:基于部门的反腐败战略案例
IF 1.3
Oxford Development Studies Pub Date : 2022-05-29 DOI: 10.1080/13600818.2022.2080812
David Olusegun Sotola, P. Pillay
{"title":"Thick concept but thin theories: a case for sector-based anti-corruption strategy","authors":"David Olusegun Sotola, P. Pillay","doi":"10.1080/13600818.2022.2080812","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13600818.2022.2080812","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The anti-corruption industry has grown phenomenally in the last three decades with the proliferation of anti-corruption agencies in developing countries. However, there are limited success stories because corruption remains pervasive despite the establishment of these specialised agencies. This article thematically discuss the mismatch between corruption theories and anti-corruption strategies within an African context. We argue that the failing of anti-corruption efforts is rooted in a theoretical insufficiency which does not provide strong enough intellectual resources to battle corruption. Using qualitative thematic analysis techniques, we carried out an extensive review of anticorruption strategies across selected African countries and also dissected sectoral case studies across 12 sectors. Building on this, the article argues that sectorally demarcated anti-corruption strategies would be a better target for anti-corruption. We argue that sector-based anti-corruption strategies would provide a better reflection of corruption realities and help to reduce the conceptual ambiguities around corruption by bridging its theories and reality gap.","PeriodicalId":51612,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Development Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47024248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Migrant remittances and consumption expenditure under rain-fed agricultural income: micro-level evidence from Ghana 雨养农业收入下的移民汇款和消费支出:来自加纳的微观证据
IF 1.3
Oxford Development Studies Pub Date : 2022-05-24 DOI: 10.1080/13600818.2022.2077924
Eric Akobeng
{"title":"Migrant remittances and consumption expenditure under rain-fed agricultural income: micro-level evidence from Ghana","authors":"Eric Akobeng","doi":"10.1080/13600818.2022.2077924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13600818.2022.2077924","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Using a repeated cross-section data set from Ghana for 1991/1992, 1998/1999, 2005/2006, 2012/2013 and 2016/17, and a Two-Stage Least Squares estimator, this paper investigates the effect of agricultural income on remittances and consumption expenditure. It is found that households in Ghana use remittances to protect themselves from decline in agricultural income due to rainfall failure. The results suggest that a 100 Ghana Cedis decrease in agricultural income leads to a 30 Ghana Cedis increase in remittances. The results further posit that rainfall-induced agricultural income changes affect total consumption and food expenditures of rural households. A 100 Ghana Cedis decrease in agricultural income due to rainfall failure leads to a 60 Ghana Cedis fall in total consumption expenditure, and 36 Ghana Cedis fall in food expenditure of rural households. Very poor households in rural areas are found to be more vulnerable to such rainfall-driven agricultural income changes.","PeriodicalId":51612,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Development Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44862566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The association between terrorist attacks and mental health: evidence from Nigeria 恐怖袭击与心理健康之间的联系:来自尼日利亚的证据
IF 1.3
Oxford Development Studies Pub Date : 2022-05-06 DOI: 10.1080/13600818.2022.2072448
J. Ajefu, Soazic Elise Wang Sonne
{"title":"The association between terrorist attacks and mental health: evidence from Nigeria","authors":"J. Ajefu, Soazic Elise Wang Sonne","doi":"10.1080/13600818.2022.2072448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13600818.2022.2072448","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study examines the relationship between the Boko Haram conflict in Northeast Nigeria and the mental health of heads of households. The information on depressive symptoms (as a proxy for mental health) of household heads was collected using the Centre of Epidemiological Studies Short Depression Scale (CESD-10). The information on household coordinates provided in the 2015 wave of the Nigerian General Household Survey (GHS) was used to measure households’ exposure to violent conflict through the number of conflict attacks as well as the number of fatalities within a local government area. To explore the pathways of the association between conflict and depressive symptoms, we employed mediation analysis to unpack mechanisms such as unemployment, illness or injury, and food security as potential channels through which violent conflict is associated with depressive symptoms.","PeriodicalId":51612,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Development Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60029616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Examining microcredit self-help groups through the lens of feminist dignity 从女权主义尊严的角度审视小额信贷自助团体
IF 1.3
Oxford Development Studies Pub Date : 2022-03-20 DOI: 10.1080/13600818.2022.2038118
Annabel Dulhunty
{"title":"Examining microcredit self-help groups through the lens of feminist dignity","authors":"Annabel Dulhunty","doi":"10.1080/13600818.2022.2038118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13600818.2022.2038118","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Despite decades of controversy, microcredit initiatives continue to be championed by government aid agencies as a ‘win-win’ for both international development and women’s empowerment, bolstered by ideas of ‘smart economics.’ Most scholarship critiques these programs from a Marxist or poststructuralist perspective. This article instead investigates microcredit programming through the lens of feminist dignity and demonstrates the use of a framework founded on this idea. By using this framework to interrogate evidence from in-depth qualitative field research in West Bengal, India, this article argues that a focus on feminist dignity can improve women’s agency and wellbeing.","PeriodicalId":51612,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Development Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44000286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The grower-trader relationship: experiments with coffee value chain actors in Uganda 种植户与贸易商的关系:乌干达咖啡价值链参与者的实验
IF 1.3
Oxford Development Studies Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.1080/13600818.2021.2007232
Alexandra Peralta, Robert Shupp, Cansın Arslan
{"title":"The grower-trader relationship: experiments with coffee value chain actors in Uganda","authors":"Alexandra Peralta, Robert Shupp, Cansın Arslan","doi":"10.1080/13600818.2021.2007232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13600818.2021.2007232","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In this study, we explore the nature of the relationship between smallholder growers and local traders in the coffee value chain in Eastern Uganda. Analysing the results of two lab-in-the-field experiments (trust and dictator games), we highlight the complex relationship between these two value chain actors. We develop three competing hypotheses: (1) coffee growers will send more to fellow growers than local traders due to social identity and fairness motives as well as because of past opportunistic behaviour of traders (2) coffee growers will send more to traders to curry favour, and (3) growers will send growers and traders the same amount because in a relatively competitive market setting there is little room for opportunistic trader behaviour. We fail to reject our third hypothesis. Our results highlight the importance of fully understanding value chain actor relationships and contexts to better design interventions to improve rural markets.","PeriodicalId":51612,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Development Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46390598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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