Topics in Language Disorders最新文献_第9页

Native American Caregivers' Developmental Priorities for Young Children 美国原住民保育员对幼儿发展的优先考虑

IF 1.4 4区医学

Topics in Language Disorders Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.1097/TLD.0000000000000247

K. Ferris, Mark M. Guiberson, E. Bush

{"title":"Native American Caregivers' Developmental Priorities for Young Children","authors":"K. Ferris, Mark M. Guiberson, E. Bush","doi":"10.1097/TLD.0000000000000247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/TLD.0000000000000247","url":null,"abstract":"Native American tribes and families are highly pluralistic in their ideologies, beliefs, traditions, and values. Very little research has described the parenting and child-rearing beliefs of Native American caregivers. The purpose of this study was to gain an understanding of Native American caregivers' developmental priorities and preferences regarding their young children's development. Participants included 21 Native American caregivers from a reservation in the Mountain West region of the United States. Ethnographic interviewing techniques described by C. E. Westby (1990) were used to collect caregiver perspectives. Through the use of a naturalistic inquiry paradigm, the process of template analysis was used to organize concepts and identify central themes and subthemes regarding caregivers' priorities and preferences for their children's development. The following 4 themes were identified: (a) supporting Native culture and language preservation, (b) teaching preacademic skills, (c) acquiring social and emotional competence, and (d) teaching self-care and independence. Clinical implications based on these themes and subthemes are discussed in the context of intervention with young Native American children and their families.","PeriodicalId":51604,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Language Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47326587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Production of Narratives by At-Risk American Indian Children in the Midwest 中西部处境危险的美国印第安儿童的叙事作品

IF 1.4 4区医学

Topics in Language Disorders Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.1097/TLD.0000000000000252

Grace McConnell, D. Loeb

{"title":"Production of Narratives by At-Risk American Indian Children in the Midwest","authors":"Grace McConnell, D. Loeb","doi":"10.1097/TLD.0000000000000252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/TLD.0000000000000252","url":null,"abstract":"The narratives of two groups of 28 American Indian children attending a Midwestern Bureau of Indian Affairs school (16 with a mean age of 5;10 years, and 12 with a mean age of 7;8 years) were examined in three contexts: retell, fictional with sequence pictures, and fictional with one picture. The narratives were examined in terms of microstructure (e.g., total number of utterances, total number of words, total number of communication units, and mean length of utterance in words and morphemes), macrostructure, and evaluative elements, which are used by speakers to link events, comment on events and characters, and inform the listener on how to interpret the story. Differences among story task contexts also were evaluated. The narratives of American Indian students differed between age groups and across tasks. The older children produced narratives with longer mean length of utterances in morphemes and more evaluative elements. The older children also produced more end-at-high-point stories, whereas the younger children produced more chronological narratives. Both age groups responded with longer and more complex narratives when generating fictional stories with visual support. Clinical implications are provided for adjusting narrative assessment tasks to be more culturally appropriate for children by modifying the task demands, increasing the role of the listener, and adding cultural relevance to stories.","PeriodicalId":51604,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Language Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43429112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Augmenting Communicative Environments for People With Acquired Neurogenic Disorders 增强获得性神经源性疾病患者的交流环境

IF 1.4 4区医学

Topics in Language Disorders Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1097/TLD.0000000000000245

Julie A. Hengst, Martha Sherrill

引用次数: 2

Advances in Discourse Analysis Related to Neurogenic Disorders 与神经源性疾病相关的语篇分析研究进展

IF 1.4 4区医学

Topics in Language Disorders Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1097/tld.0000000000000239

引用次数: 0

Predicting Cognitive Impairment in Cerebrovascular Disease Using Spoken Discourse Production 利用口语语篇生成预测脑血管病患者的认知障碍

IF 1.4 4区医学

Topics in Language Disorders Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1097/TLD.0000000000000242

A. Roberts, Katharine Aveni, Shalane R Basque, J. Orange, P. McLaughlin, J. Ramirez, A. Troyer, Stephanie Gutierrez, Angie Chen, R. Bartha, M. Binns, S. Black, L. Casaubon, D. Dowlatshahi, A. Hassan, D. Kwan, B. Levine, J. Mandzia, D. Sahlas, C. Scott, S. Strother, K. Sunderland, S. Symons, R. Swartz

{"title":"Predicting Cognitive Impairment in Cerebrovascular Disease Using Spoken Discourse Production","authors":"A. Roberts, Katharine Aveni, Shalane R Basque, J. Orange, P. McLaughlin, J. Ramirez, A. Troyer, Stephanie Gutierrez, Angie Chen, R. Bartha, M. Binns, S. Black, L. Casaubon, D. Dowlatshahi, A. Hassan, D. Kwan, B. Levine, J. Mandzia, D. Sahlas, C. Scott, S. Strother, K. Sunderland, S. Symons, R. Swartz","doi":"10.1097/TLD.0000000000000242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/TLD.0000000000000242","url":null,"abstract":"Supplemental Digital Content is Available in the Text. Purpose: Dementia due to cerebrovascular disease (CVD) is common. Detecting early cognitive decline in CVD is critical because addressing risk factors may slow or prevent dementia. This study used a multidomain discourse analysis approach to determine the spoken language signature of CVD-related cognitive impairment. Method: Spoken language and neuropsychological assessment data were collected prospectively from 157 participants with CVD as part of the Ontario Neurodegenerative Disease Research Initiative, a longitudinal, observational study of neurodegenerative disease. Participants were categorized as impaired (n = 92) or cognitively normal for age (n = 65) based on neuropsychology criteria. Spoken language samples were transcribed orthographically and annotated for 13 discourse features, across five domains. Discriminant function analyses were used to determine a minimum set of discourse variables, and their estimated weights, for maximizing diagnostic group separation. Results: The optimal discriminant function that included 10 of 13 discourse measures correctly classified 78.3% of original cases (69.4% cross-validated cases) with a sensitivity of 77.2% and specificity of 80.0%. Conclusion: Spoken discourse appears to be a sensitive measure for detecting cognitive impairment in CVD with measures of productivity, information content, and information efficiency heavily weighted in the final algorithm.","PeriodicalId":51604,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Language Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49148917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Narrative Discourse Intervention After Traumatic Brain Injury 颅脑损伤后的叙事话语干预

IF 1.4 4区医学

Topics in Language Disorders Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1097/TLD.0000000000000241

J. Steel, Elise Elbourn, L. Togher

{"title":"Narrative Discourse Intervention After Traumatic Brain Injury","authors":"J. Steel, Elise Elbourn, L. Togher","doi":"10.1097/TLD.0000000000000241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/TLD.0000000000000241","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Narrative discourse (e.g., telling anecdotes or relating personal events) comprises a key part of social interaction and is commonly affected after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Research over the past decades has enabled improved characterization of discourse impairment after TBI, but a critical lack of research into discourse intervention approaches remains. Methods: This systematic review examined empirical research on narrative discourse intervention after TBI. Searches were conducted on EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and PubMed for original research on spoken narrative discourse treatment, where at least 50% of the study participants were adults with TBI. Results: Of 519 screened articles, six studies met criteria: three single case studies and three case series studies. Interventions incorporated metacognitive and metalinguistic theoretic principles, with a focus on understanding the structure and elements of narratives. Active components of treatments are discussed and compared in relation to existing narrative discourse treatment programs for other neurological communication disorders. Conclusions: Although all studies reported gains on some measures for treated narratives following intervention, there were mixed results for effect generalization and/or maintenance. The INCOG guidelines recommend that interventions after TBI should be contextualized and involve personally relevant materials, and this was not evident in the reviewed intervention approaches. Directions are suggested for clinical practice and future research in treating narratives.","PeriodicalId":51604,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Language Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48920131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Making Sense of Right Hemisphere Discourse Using RHDBank. 利用 RHDBank 理解右半球话语。

IF 1.4 4区医学

Topics in Language Disorders Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1097/tld.0000000000000244

Jamila Minga, Melissa Johnson, Margaret Lehman Blake, Davida Fromm, Brian MacWhinney

{"title":"Making Sense of Right Hemisphere Discourse Using RHDBank.","authors":"Jamila Minga, Melissa Johnson, Margaret Lehman Blake, Davida Fromm, Brian MacWhinney","doi":"10.1097/tld.0000000000000244","DOIUrl":"10.1097/tld.0000000000000244","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Right hemisphere brain damage (RHD) commonly causes pragmatic language disorders that are apparent in discourse production. Specific characteristics and approaches to assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of these disorders are not well-defined. RHDBank, a shared database of multimedia interactions for the study of communication using discourse, was created to address these gaps. The database, materials, and related analysis programs are free resources to clinicians, researchers, educators, and students.Method: A standard discourse protocol was developed to elicit multiple types of discourse: free speech, conversation, picture description, storytelling, procedural discourse, and question-asking. Testing included measures of cognition, unilateral neglect, and communicative participation. Language samples were video-recorded and transcribed in CHAT format. Currently, the database includes 24 adults with RHD and 24 controls.Results: Illustrative analyses show how RHDBank can facilitate research using micro- and macrolinguistic discourse analysis techniques both within this population and across populations. Educational resources, such as the Grand Rounds tutorial, were developed using case studies from the database.Conclusions: RHDBank is a shared database of resources that can facilitate educational and research efforts to address the gaps in knowledge about RHD communication and improve the clinical management of individuals with RHD.","PeriodicalId":51604,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Language Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8475789/pdf/nihms-1682118.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39490388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Personalization of Patient-Provider Communication Across the Lifespan. 贯穿生命周期的医患沟通个性化。

IF 1.4 4区医学

Topics in Language Disorders Pub Date : 2021-01-01

Jessica Gormley, Susan Koch Fager

{"title":"Personalization of Patient-Provider Communication Across the Lifespan.","authors":"Jessica Gormley, Susan Koch Fager","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"People with disabilities are more likely to be hospitalized and use healthcare services relative to people without disabilities. They also report experiencing negative experiences interacting with health care providers during these encounters placing them at risk for preventable adverse medical events, poor quality of life, and dependence on others. Fortunately, providers and people with communication disabilities can take steps to improve these interactions by personalizing and implementing communication supports to empower people with communication disabilities to actively participate in these interactions and improve outcomes. The purpose of this article is to describe strategies that health care providers can use to develop and implement personalized communication supports for children and adults with communication disorders during health care interactions. Additional strategies are provided to guide people with disabilities as well as their community/school providers and families to prepare for health care interactions. Case examples are provided to illustrate use of these strategies in acute care, inpatient rehabilitation, and outpatient settings. The use of emerging training tools (e.g., video visual scene displays) and AAC partner training formats (e.g., just-in-time training) are also presented as future directions to expedite learning and implementation of communication supports in fast-paced and time-limited health care interactions.","PeriodicalId":51604,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Language Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8375497/pdf/nihms-1699185.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39334467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Continuing Education Instructions and Questions 继续教育指导和问题

IF 1.4 4区医学

Topics in Language Disorders Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1097/tld.0000000000000246

引用次数: 0

Measuring Change at the Discourse-Level Following Conversation Treatment 会话处理后语篇水平变化的测量

IF 1.4 4区医学

Topics in Language Disorders Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1097/TLD.0000000000000243

G. Dede, Elizabeth Hoover

{"title":"Measuring Change at the Discourse-Level Following Conversation Treatment","authors":"G. Dede, Elizabeth Hoover","doi":"10.1097/TLD.0000000000000243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/TLD.0000000000000243","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This article reviews four discourse measures and examines whether they are sensitive to impairments in people with both mild and severe aphasia. We also ask whether these measures were sensitive to effects of conversation treatment in two case examples. Method: Two people with aphasia, one mild and fluent and the other severe and nonfluent, served as case studies. Both case studies had participated in conversation treatment, in which individualized goals were targeted in the context of naturalistic conversation-based interactions. Picture descriptions were analyzed using three discourse measures: core lexicon, words per minute, and correct information units. In addition, words per minute and conversation turns were examined in personal narratives produced by the individual with severe nonfluent aphasia in a conversational context. Results: For the individual with mild aphasia, both words per minute and core lexicon were sensitive to the presence of aphasia and treatment changes. For the individual with severe aphasia, all measures were sensitive to the presence of aphasia, but only words per minute and number/type of conversation turns were sensitive to effects of treatment. Discussion/Conclusions: Discourse measures capture relevant aspects of communication that may not be seen on standardized measures of discrete language skills. Given different aphasia profiles and individual communication goals, clinicians need to choose the most relevant, reliable, and informative measures.","PeriodicalId":51604,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Language Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48474651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4