Topics in Language Disorders最新文献

{"title":"Pragmatic Skills in School-Age Children With Primary Language Impairment and Language-Learning Disabilities","authors":"G. A. Troia, Lauren (Lo) Hennenfent, Mei-Yi Shen","doi":"10.1097/TLD.0000000000000317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/TLD.0000000000000317","url":null,"abstract":"We conducted a scoping review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses to map the available research describing verbal pragmatic skills development and problems in school-age children with primary language impairments and children with language-learning disabilities. A total of 112 reports met inclusion criteria for our review. Many studies were published in journals focused on communication disorders between the years 2000 and 2019 and targeted K-12 children in the United States or the United Kingdom with developmental language disorder who were most often compared with age-matched typically developing peers using a group comparison research design. Over 60% of the studies had fewer than 25 participants in the target group. Nearly two thirds of study participants were boys, and most were Caucasian from middle- to upper-income families. The majority of studies used multiple outcome measures in data analyses, most often norm-referenced and researcher-designed tests, language sample analysis, and rating scales. A third of studies omitted information about outcome measure reliability and nearly all studies omitted validity data. Several studies are described in detail as examples and a summary of the major findings from the reviewed studies is presented.","PeriodicalId":51604,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Language Disorders","volume":"43 1","pages":"210 - 250"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47007503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Narrative-Based Evolution of a Stakeholder-Engaged Research Team","authors":"G. Olness, Jennifer J. Kurnal, Thomas G. Broussard, Faye S. Stillman, Catalina C. Assaad, L. M. García, Jodi Morgan","doi":"10.1097/tld.0000000000000318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/tld.0000000000000318","url":null,"abstract":"Millions of people worldwide have experienced abrupt and traumatic disruption in the flow of their personal life story as a result of stroke and the onset of aphasia. For each one who survives and embarks on the journey toward recovery, their unique and evolving narrative yields gems of wisdom borne of the experience. This wisdom is shared with others through interpersonal narrative exchange and engagement, which foster biographical coherence and provide sources of hope to others on the path toward a productive and fulfilling life. This case study illustrates how a biography-based approach to stakeholder-engaged research merges personal stories in three ways. First, the case illustrates how the personal and professional stories of the candidate research team members merged to form the team through networking over time. Second, the biography-based approach led the team to identify the written personal accounts of 259 people living with aphasia as the raw data set for their research, with the intended goal of mining gems of practical wisdom from these written biographical works. Third, the case illustrates how the biography-based approach draws on the personal stories of in-hospital experiences of research team members with aphasia to prospectively hone the initial research focus. Specifically, the team will tap the collective voice within the written accounts to evaluate the in-hospital experiences of people with aphasia. The ultimate goal will be to catalyze participatory action, in collaboration with transdisciplinary health care providers, to advance responsive, person-centered health care. The authors address challenges and priorities in stakeholder-engaged research team development, the importance of honing a research focus, and the identification of research dissemination venues. Oral and written accounts of life with aphasia offer a timeless and potentially rich source of wisdom that can be tapped through the process of stakeholder-engaged research.","PeriodicalId":51604,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Language Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47245677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Continuing Education Instructions and Questions","authors":"","doi":"10.1097/tld.0000000000000320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/tld.0000000000000320","url":null,"abstract":"Topics in Language Disorders 43(3):p E11-E14, July/September 2023. | DOI: 10.1097/TLD.0000000000000320","PeriodicalId":51604,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Language Disorders","volume":"122 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135762284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Motivation and Literacy Development in Students With or at Risk for Reading Difficulties and Other Diverse Learners","authors":"","doi":"10.1097/tld.0000000000000313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/tld.0000000000000313","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51604,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Language Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45468129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Continuing Education Instructions and Questions","authors":"","doi":"10.1097/tld.0000000000000316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/tld.0000000000000316","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51604,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Language Disorders","volume":"295 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135573889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of a Virtually Delivered Reading and Embedded Mindset Intervention on Reading Performance for Fourth-Grader Struggling Readers.","authors":"Stephanie Al Otaiba, Jeanne Wanzek, Yaacov Petscher, Sally Fluhler, Brenna Rivas, Dayna Russell Freudenthal","doi":"10.1097/tld.0000000000000311","DOIUrl":"10.1097/tld.0000000000000311","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a virtual intensive reading intervention embedded with mindset training compared to typical reading instruction in a business-as-usual (BAU) condition delivered to fourth grade students with or at-risk for reading disabilities. After screening, the 59 participants were stratified and assigned randomly to condition. Highly trained interventionists delivered the intervention one-to-one with high fidelity and student engagement during the intensive intervention. Classroom teachers delivered the BAU. We examined the effects of the intervention on a variety of standardized timed and untimed measures of word reading and decoding, reading fluency, comprehension, and mindset. We addressed two research questions: What are the effects of intensive virtual reading intervention embedded with mindset training relative to a business-as-usual comparison (BAU) on the reading outcomes of fourth grade students with or at-risk for reading disabilities? Was initial mindset related to student response to intervention? Data analyses examined the main effect and moderation using linear mixed effects models. Significant differences in reading favored the virtual treatment condition for letter and word identification (<i>g</i> = 0.38). No other significant effects were observed. We note limitations in our study and offer directions for future research, including the need to explore additional moderators.</p>","PeriodicalId":51604,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Language Disorders","volume":"43 2","pages":"146-168"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10481790/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10562285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Writing Motivation Profiles and Their Association With Writing Performance","authors":"Ana Camacho, F. De Smedt, R. Maio, J. Cadima, H. Van Keer, Rui A. Alves","doi":"10.1097/TLD.0000000000000314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/TLD.0000000000000314","url":null,"abstract":"Prior research has consistently shown that motivation is a catalyst for students' writing performance, with important implications for writing instruction. However, this body of research has mainly relied on a variable-centered approach that does not acknowledge the similarities and differences between and within groups of students. In the current study, we sought to address this research gap by examining the association between different motivational profiles and writing performance using a person-centered approach. Accordingly, we aimed to (a) identify different motivational profiles in writing, based on students' implicit theories and achievement goals, and (b) examine whether students in different profiles varied in writing performance. To this end, we sampled 212 Portuguese sixth-grade students (M = 11.11 years, SD = 0.56) and collected motivational and writing performance measures at a single time point. Cluster analyses revealed two distinct writing motivation profiles: one profile reflected students with a growth mindset who were less oriented toward performance-approach and performance-avoidance goals, and another profile represented students with a fixed mindset who were more oriented toward performance-approach and performance-avoidance goals. Subsequent analyses indicated that one profile could be considered as more adaptive than the other. Specifically, students in the growth mindset and less performance-oriented profile wrote opinion texts with better quality and earned higher writing grades than students in the fixed mindset and more performance-oriented profile. Overall, these findings suggest that teachers should add motivation-enhancing practices to writing instruction and tailor their teaching practices according to students' unique motivational profiles.","PeriodicalId":51604,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Language Disorders","volume":"43 1","pages":"169 - 186"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43535263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Motivation and Literacy Development in Students With or At Risk for Reading Difficulties and Other Diverse Learners","authors":"","doi":"10.1097/tld.0000000000000315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/tld.0000000000000315","url":null,"abstract":"Motivation is what drives and energizes students to engage in learning behaviors that help them achieve their goals. Motivation is essential in the active learning process where students engage with texts to construct meaning from print and to write to communicate their thoughts (Wigfield et al., 2016). Several models of reading, such as the Active View of Reading (Duke & Cartwright, 2021) and the Component Model of Reading (Aaron et al., 2008), have identified motivational components as critical contributors to reading development, in addition to decoding and language comprehension. Similarly, the Direct and Indirect Effects Model of Writing (Kim & Park, 2019) posits that motivation and various component writing skills are reciprocally related and influence writing development. Motivation plays an even more critical role in the literacy development of children with learning difficulties, including students with reading disabilities (Cho et al., 2022), who require optimal motivation to utilize their limited cognitive resources fully. However, research has shown that students with learning disabilities and other low achievers tend to demonstrate maladaptive motivational patterns characterized by lower efficacy and intrinsic motivation (Baird et al., 2009; Lee & Zentall, 2012) than peers without disabilities or learning struggles. Despite this, motivational needs have rarely been central to instructional design. This issue of Topics in Language Disorders includes two research syntheses that examined the extent to which motivational challenges of struggling readers are addressed in vocabulary (Louick et al.) and foundational reading (Cho et al.) interventions. It also presents a concrete example of how the motivational challenges of struggling readers can be addressed through a reading intervention with embedded growth mindset support (Al Otaiba et al.). Finally, a descriptive study (Camacho et al.) identifies writing motivational profiles associated with poor writing performance, offering implications for instructional environments that promote writing development. Louick et al. reviewed 55 studies of vocabulary interventions for students with or at risk for reading difficulties and identified 21 studies that incorporated at least one motivation construct into the vocabulary intervention. They found that effective vocabulary interventions focused on student interests and goals, using technology, or identifying topics of high interest to students. In addition, the interventions incorporated support for students' self-regulation through identifying goals, set either by teachers or by students, and/or monitoring progress toward the set goals. The authors offer suggestions for researchers and practitioners for incorporating motivation into instructional design to bolster vocabulary learning for students at risk for learning problems. In their secondary meta-analysis of reading interventions for students with or at risk for dyslexia, Cho et al. distingu","PeriodicalId":51604,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Language Disorders","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135573888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Motivational Practices in Reading Interventions for Students With or at Risk for Dyslexia","authors":"Eunsoo Cho, Katlynn Dahl‐Leonard, Karen F. Kehoe, Philip Capin, Colby Hall, E. Solari","doi":"10.1097/TLD.0000000000000312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/TLD.0000000000000312","url":null,"abstract":"The purposes of this study were to (a) describe the extent to which motivational practices are incorporated in foundational reading interventions for students with or at risk for dyslexia in kindergarten through Grade 5 (K–5) and (b) explore whether the presence and type of motivational practices (i.e., supports vs. strategies) within foundational reading interventions influenced the magnitude of the intervention effects on reading outcomes. We analyzed the same set of studies as Hall et al. (2022), who meta-analyzed experimental and quasi-experimental research of reading interventions implemented with K–5 students with or at risk for dyslexia from 1980 to 2020. Results of the current study show that only 44% of the interventions included motivational practices. The majority (84%) of those interventions addressed student motivation and engagement through motivational supports, such as game-like activities, paired work, and setting improvement goals. A much smaller percentage (16%) provided explicit motivational strategy instruction. Results indicated that reading interventions that include direct motivational strategy instruction tend to have larger effects on reading outcomes than both interventions without any motivational practices and those that include motivational supports only. The positive effect of motivational strategy instruction was stronger on measures of word reading than overall reading or reading comprehension outcomes. These findings highlight the need to address motivational challenges of students with reading difficulties and lend insight into how foundational reading skills interventions can be bolstered through incorporating motivational strategy instruction.","PeriodicalId":51604,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Language Disorders","volume":"43 1","pages":"119 - 145"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44887027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Attending to Motivation During Vocabulary Interventions for Students With or at Risk for Learning Disabilities","authors":"Rebecca Louick, Alyssa Emery, Katherine Muenks, Madeline O'Grady","doi":"10.1097/TLD.0000000000000310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/TLD.0000000000000310","url":null,"abstract":"Evidence indicates that well-planned vocabulary interventions can be highly effective in helping students with language-based learning disabilities to develop the necessary vocabulary skills for literacy success. Although many researchers recognize the general importance of attending to psychological factors such as student motivation in developing successful interventions, the role that these factors play in vocabulary interventions designed specifically for students with learning disabilities has not yet been sufficiently considered. In this review, we synthesized the extant literature regarding when and how motivational components are addressed in vocabulary interventions for P–12 students with or at risk for learning disabilities. We found that successful vocabulary intervention programs for this student population most frequently address motivation through the constructs of goal setting and interest. Furthermore, operationalizing terms such as “motivation” (and related constructs) using theories established in the field of educational psychology may allow researchers to develop interventions that have positive, long-lasting impact by encouraging students with learning disabilities to persist at challenging tasks and by enabling them to more clearly see linkages between vocabulary learning and their personal and career goals.","PeriodicalId":51604,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Language Disorders","volume":"43 1","pages":"97 - 118"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46224700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}