Politics and Governance最新文献_第2页

NEETs and Youth Guarantee Registration: Examining the Link to Past Undeclared Work NEETs and Youth Guarantee Registration：研究与过去未申报工作的联系

IF 2.2 3区社会学

Politics and Governance Pub Date : 2023-12-26 DOI: 10.17645/pag.7405

Antonella Rocca, Omeed Agahi, Mai Beilmann, Leonor Bettencourt, Natalia Edisherashvili, Elena Marta, Paolo Mazzocchi, Niall O'Higgins, Federica Pizzolante, Òscar Prieto-Flores, Ricardo Borges Rodrigues, Miriam Rosa, Francisco Simões

{"title":"NEETs and Youth Guarantee Registration: Examining the Link to Past Undeclared Work","authors":"Antonella Rocca, Omeed Agahi, Mai Beilmann, Leonor Bettencourt, Natalia Edisherashvili, Elena Marta, Paolo Mazzocchi, Niall O'Higgins, Federica Pizzolante, Òscar Prieto-Flores, Ricardo Borges Rodrigues, Miriam Rosa, Francisco Simões","doi":"10.17645/pag.7405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17645/pag.7405","url":null,"abstract":"A myriad of factors influence young people’s vulnerability and the likelihood of becoming NEET. Moreover, the share of young NEETs in European countries is very high. Institutional and governmental initiatives aiming to promote the inclusion of young people in the labour market are of paramount importance. However, the socio-economic conditions and the level of vulnerability alongside other socio-demographic characteristics are likely to influence the extent to which young people ultimately engage with such programmes. The current study ascertains whether previous experience of informal work increases young people’s propensity to participate in programmes offered by public employment services, such as the Youth Guarantee Programme. Indeed, we hypothesise that the experience of working without a contract makes young people more aware and concerned about the risk of remaining trapped in a spiral of vulnerable jobs. To test this, we used data from a survey of 4,273 NEETs and focused on Italy, Portugal, and Spain. The study’s findings contribute to a better understanding of the relationship between past experience in the informal economy and engagement with the Youth Guarantee. Besides contributing to the literature, the study can also contribute to policy making and practitioners’ assessment of the relative efficacy of Youth Guarantee initiatives among different subgroups of young NEET and tailor the interventions accordingly. In other words, the outcomes of this study should signal to governments that greater efforts should be made to implement initiatives reaching out to young people, as well as acting to reduce the precariousness in job contracts, which negatively impacts their quality of life.","PeriodicalId":51598,"journal":{"name":"Politics and Governance","volume":"12 30","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139156248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Rumours of the Crisis of Liberal Interventionism Are Greatly Exaggerated 自由干预主义危机的传言被大大夸大了

IF 2.2 3区社会学

Politics and Governance Pub Date : 2023-12-26 DOI: 10.17645/pag.7352

G. R. Olsen

引用次数: 0

NEETs in Norway: A Scoping Review 挪威的双待青少年：范围审查

IF 2.2 3区社会学

Politics and Governance Pub Date : 2023-12-26 DOI: 10.17645/pag.7477

Guro Øydgard, Ann-Torill Tørrisplass, J. P. Breimo

引用次数: 0

From Counterterrorism to Deterrence: The Evolution of Canada’s and Italy’s Defense Postures 从反恐到威慑：加拿大和意大利国防态势的演变

IF 2.2 3区社会学

Politics and Governance Pub Date : 2023-12-22 DOI: 10.17645/pag.7355

Justin Massie, Marco Munier

{"title":"From Counterterrorism to Deterrence: The Evolution of Canada’s and Italy’s Defense Postures","authors":"Justin Massie, Marco Munier","doi":"10.17645/pag.7355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17645/pag.7355","url":null,"abstract":"How do US democratic allies perceive and adapt to the multiple challenges associated with the rise of multipolarity and the return of major war in Europe? This article examines how two US allies—Canada and Italy—have adapted their defense postures from the professed beginning of the shift in the balance of power in 2008 to Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022. More specifically, it provides a comparison of three major dimensions of defense postures: threat perceptions, patterns of foreign military deployments, and military expenditures. This article argues that both allies have undertaken a shift from liberal interventionism towards a defense posture increasingly geared towards deterrence vis-à-vis Russia. However, the shift did not occur analogously and simultaneously, as the two allies’ adjustment was shaped by differing levels of domestic inter-party contestation. This article highlights the extent to which US allies’ international security adaptation follows political-party threat perceptions more than the traditional left-right dichotomy. Shared inter-party threat perceptions of great power revisionism are found to shape the degree of defense policy adaptation toward great power competition.","PeriodicalId":51598,"journal":{"name":"Politics and Governance","volume":"38 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138946808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Youth Guarantee, Vulnerability, and Social Exclusion Among NEETs in Southern Europe 南欧双待青年的青年保障、脆弱性和社会排斥

IF 2.2 3区社会学

Politics and Governance Pub Date : 2023-12-22 DOI: 10.17645/pag.7469

Niall O'Higgins, Kate Brockie

{"title":"The Youth Guarantee, Vulnerability, and Social Exclusion Among NEETs in Southern Europe","authors":"Niall O'Higgins, Kate Brockie","doi":"10.17645/pag.7469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17645/pag.7469","url":null,"abstract":"Young people neither in employment, education, or training (NEETs) are particularly vulnerable to social and economic exclusion. Indeed, recognition of this fact was a key motivating factor underlying the development of the Youth Guarantee. This article uses data from the EU Labour Force Survey and EU Statistics on Income and Living Conditions to examine how the characteristics of the NEET population and their associated vulnerability to social exclusion vary across different sub-groups of young NEETs and how this has changed in Italy, Portugal, and Spain since 2015. The analysis focuses on the determinants of NEET status, youth vulnerability to poverty and social exclusion, and also examines the propensity of young NEETs to engage with public employment services in order to assess the extent to which young people most at risk of social exclusion are within the purview of the Youth Guarantee’s activities. The article highlights how the composition and vulnerability of young NEETs have altered between 2015 and 2021. While the risks of poverty and social exclusion of long-term unemployed NEETs have remained unchanged since 2015, the vulnerability of the most at-risk subgroup of young people, those who are NEET due to family responsibilities, has become more pronounced. Moreover, the engagement with public employment services of the most at-risk NEET sub-groups has remained persistently low. The findings suggest that greater efforts are needed to remove the obstacles to labour market re-integration faced by the most vulnerable groups within the purview of the programme and, above all, young women with family responsibilities.","PeriodicalId":51598,"journal":{"name":"Politics and Governance","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138944749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enlargement of the EU Towards the East: A Pivotal Change in EU’s External Policy? 欧盟向东扩展：欧盟对外政策的关键变革？

IF 2.2 3区社会学

Politics and Governance Pub Date : 2023-12-22 DOI: 10.17645/pag.7464

Zbyněk Dubský, Kateřina Kočí, Markéta Votoupalová

{"title":"Enlargement of the EU Towards the East: A Pivotal Change in EU’s External Policy?","authors":"Zbyněk Dubský, Kateřina Kočí, Markéta Votoupalová","doi":"10.17645/pag.7464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17645/pag.7464","url":null,"abstract":"The EU’s Eastern enlargement in 2004 was marked by the entry of mostly smaller states, whose ability to shape the external direction of the EU was questioned. However, the EU’s response to the war in Ukraine has shown how important the Eastern dimension of external policy is for the EU and that this Easternisation of the EU has occurred precisely in the wake of the 2004 enlargement. This is due to the fact that these states have been able to push their own narratives in the discourse on the EU’s Eastern direction, particularly in the case of the Eastern Partnership. This article analyses the discourse of Central and Eastern European states regarding the Eastern partnership, specifically the narratives of the official documents of three Baltic and four Visegrad group countries in the 2009–2022 period. The analysis made it possible to identify narrative structures and showed that the narratives are relatively similar in the selected countries. Despite the lack of cooperation between the two groups and the West’s neglect of the Eastern Partnership policy, they were able to individually strengthen their position in the EU and maintain the discussion about the Eastern Partnership at the EU level as a result.","PeriodicalId":51598,"journal":{"name":"Politics and Governance","volume":"47 33","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138946623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Importance of a Coordinated Career Guidance System in Addressing the Rural NEETs Issue 协调职业指导系统对解决农村 NEET 问题的重要性

IF 2.2 3区社会学

Politics and Governance Pub Date : 2023-12-22 DOI: 10.17645/pag.7439

Blanka Bálint, Balázs Telegdy, Ede Lázár

{"title":"The Importance of a Coordinated Career Guidance System in Addressing the Rural NEETs Issue","authors":"Blanka Bálint, Balázs Telegdy, Ede Lázár","doi":"10.17645/pag.7439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17645/pag.7439","url":null,"abstract":"A rapidly ageing population, the dual transition, major changes in the job market, and the coronavirus and its effects amplify existing disparities (gender gap, urban-rural cleavages), posing a considerable challenge for peripheral regions. In these circumstances, the labour market integration of young people who are neither in employment nor in education or training (NEET) is becoming increasingly urgent for peripheral regions such as rural areas. Various legislation, policies, and community-based interventions play a significant role in promoting integration. Still, subjective factors such as self-efficacy beliefs affect perceptions of career opportunities and can even prevent some from seizing opportunities. As a result, approaches to tackling the rural NEET issue need to focus on a long-term, sustainable solution. One could be career guidance, which helps individuals take charge of their lives and choose meaningful careers and educational paths. Consequently, our research aimed to identify the conditions in 22 European countries related to career guidance that lead to low rural NEET rates among 25–29-year-olds. Career guidance systems were explored through content analysis of country-specific reports on lifelong guidance systems and then analysed using the fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis. The research results draw attention to the importance of coordinated career guidance systems in preventing and (re)integrating NEETs, as it helps make informed, meaningful, and long-term career decisions.","PeriodicalId":51598,"journal":{"name":"Politics and Governance","volume":"60 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138945696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Russian War Against Ukraine and Its Implications for the Future of Liberal Interventionism 俄罗斯对乌克兰的战争及其对自由干预主义未来的影响

IF 2.2 3区社会学

Politics and Governance Pub Date : 2023-12-22 DOI: 10.17645/pag.7348

Anna Geis, Ursula Schröder

{"title":"The Russian War Against Ukraine and Its Implications for the Future of Liberal Interventionism","authors":"Anna Geis, Ursula Schröder","doi":"10.17645/pag.7348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17645/pag.7348","url":null,"abstract":"The Russian war against Ukraine has already had crucial implications for the future of liberal interventionism. Drawing on current debates in IR about the transformation of the global world order, the article outlines how processes of global reordering affect (liberal) interventionism at different scales. The article argues that what has become known as the liberal international order is in retreat, at the expense of liberal peace-oriented international interventions. At the same time, current geopolitical realignments appear to be dividing the world into new spheres of influence, pitting democracies against autocracies at the global level and within regional conflicts. However, when it comes to security interventions and peacekeeping, the emerging realities on the ground, where a growing number of actors with different agendas interact, are more complex than simplistic world-order narratives suggest. Using the cases of international peacekeeping and security assistance as examples, the article shows that in some current international intervention sites, the emerging “multi-order world” is characterised by complicated constellations of parallel external assistance offers and rapid shifts in allegiances that do not necessarily follow clear divisions between “authoritarian” and “liberal” forms of assistance. The article therefore does not confirm expectations of the emergence of a “new Cold War” and a new round of ideological competition between international systems.","PeriodicalId":51598,"journal":{"name":"Politics and Governance","volume":"6 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138945086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Failure of Liberal Interventionism: Deconstructing Afghan Identity Discourses of “Modern” and “Tradition” 自由干预主义的失败：解构阿富汗 "现代 "与 "传统 "的身份认同论述

IF 2.2 3区社会学

Politics and Governance Pub Date : 2023-12-22 DOI: 10.17645/pag.7380

Aisha Younus

{"title":"The Failure of Liberal Interventionism: Deconstructing Afghan Identity Discourses of “Modern” and “Tradition”","authors":"Aisha Younus","doi":"10.17645/pag.7380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17645/pag.7380","url":null,"abstract":"In Afghanistan, the crisis of liberal intervention unfolded in the failure to establish democratic structures as a solution to terrorism and extremism in the aftermath of 9/11. Following the emergency withdrawal of US and NATO forces from Afghanistan on August 30, 2021, President Ashraf Ghani discreetly left Kabul, enabling the Taliban to regain control and form a new government in the country. The recurrent pattern of intervention and the subsequent return of the Taliban highlights a failure of the liberal project, which is a significant concern addressed in this article as the main question: Why has liberal intervention failed in Afghanistan? The answer lies in deconstructing the hegemonic discourse of “modern” Afghan to understand how it was resisted and replaced by the alternative discourse of “tradition,” subsequently, leading to the failure of the liberal project. The “modern” discourse, rooted in the US social context, aimed to civilise the perceived primitive and traditional Afghans. Conversely, the Taliban, drawing upon the Afghan social context, contested the “modern” discourse with an alternative discourse of “tradition” portraying liberals and their supporters as “occupiers” and “oppressors,” thus, justifying their armed resistance (jihad) against occupying forces. Framed within a critical social constructivism, the text, interviews, speeches, and statements of prominent Taliban leaders and the US presidents, apprise how specific identities have been employed to naturalise the “modern” discourse as justification for intervention. Critical discourse analysis explicates how the “tradition” discourse denaturalised the former and, subsequently, facilitated the establishment of the Taliban’s power in Afghanistan.","PeriodicalId":51598,"journal":{"name":"Politics and Governance","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138945062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Russia’s Security Perceptions and Arctic Governance 俄罗斯的安全观念与北极治理

IF 2.2 3区社会学

Politics and Governance Pub Date : 2023-12-22 DOI: 10.17645/pag.7313

Angela Borozna

引用次数: 0