Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging最新文献

{"title":"Bilateral Cubonavicular and Synchronous Talocalcaneal Tarsal Coalition with Stress Response—Case Report and Review of Literature","authors":"Mohsin Hussein, Stuart Metcalfe, Karthikeyan P. Iyengar, Rajesh Botchu","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1776064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1776064","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Tarsal coalition occurs in 1% of the population and represents a congenital failure of segmentation in two or more tarsal bones. It most commonly occurs at the talocalcaneal and calcaneonavicular joint. Although commonly asymptomatic, it may present with pain, rigidity, and pes planus. Cubonavicular, multiple synchronous, and bilateral coalitions are rare but an awareness is required to ensure accurate diagnosis and management. In this article, we presented the first reported case (to the best of our knowledge) of bilateral cubonavicular coalition with synchronous talocalcaneal coalition and stress response within the intermediate cuneiform.","PeriodicalId":51597,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136234972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hitherto Unreported Pattern of Complex Obstructive Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Drainage with Dual Drainage of Accessory Pulmonary Veins","authors":"Dollphy Garg, Arun Sharma, Sanjeev Hanumantacharya Naganur, Manphool Singhal","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1776107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1776107","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Partial anomalous pulmonary venous drainage is a congenital cardiac disorder characterized by abnormal drainage of one or more pulmonary veins into the systemic circulation. It can be isolated or associated with other congenital cardiac anomalies, most commonly atrial septal defect and patent ductus arteriosus. The clinical presentation is variable and depends on the degree of shunting and associated cardiac anomalies. Many patients usually remain asymptomatic until late in life. In this article, we presented a complex case of obstructive partial anomalous pulmonary venous drainage with dual drainage of bilateral accessory pulmonary veins with intact interatrial septum in conjunction with a patent ductus arteriosus and a ventricular septal defect. This pattern is incredibly rare and to the best of our knowledge has not been previously reported. Computed tomography played a pivotal role in precisely elucidating the intricate anatomy in this case with a complex pattern of anomalous pulmonary venous drainage.","PeriodicalId":51597,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136316805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute Encephalopathy with Biphasic Seizures and Late Reduced Diffusion following SARS-CoV-2 Infection—A Rare Case Report","authors":"Manasa C. Murthy, Bidisha Banerjee, Ullas Acharya, Shivakumar Shamarao","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1775797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1775797","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Acute encephalopathy with biphasic seizures and late reduced diffusion (AESD) is a clinicoradiological syndrome first recognized during the influenza pandemic in Japanese population in the late twentieth century.1 In this article, we presented a rare case report of AESD in a young child due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection (SARS-CoV-2) who presented with febrile status epilepticus, persistent encephalopathy, and had recurrence of seizures on day 4 of illness with characteristic magnetic resonance imaging findings and a relatively fair outcome","PeriodicalId":51597,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136234407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cinematic Rendering of Persistent Fifth Aortic Arch with Aortic Coarctation and Bicuspid Aortic Valve","authors":"Karamkar Deepmala, Jineesh Valakkada, Anoop Ayappan, Basavaraj Birardar","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1775798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1775798","url":null,"abstract":"Congenital cardiovascular lesions can be complex and perplexing to diagnose even with multiple imaging and post-processing modalities. Herein, we present a case of persistent fifth aortic arch (PFAA) with coarctation of aorta emphasizing role of computed tomography (CT) cinematic rendering to simplify the complex anatomy","PeriodicalId":51597,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135853603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determining the Best Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System: A Prospective Study Comparing the Diagnostic Performance of ACR, EU, and K TIRADS in the Evaluation of Thyroid Nodules","authors":"Supraja Laguduva Mohan, Ramkumar Govindarajalou, Dukhabandhu Naik, Sunil Kumar Saxena, Pampa Ch. Toi, Gomathi Shankar V.","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1775862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1775862","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Many different risk stratification systems have been formulated for thyroid nodules, differing in their fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) indication, suggesting a lack of consensus around the world. Purpose This prospective study was conducted to find the best guideline for risk stratification, for a better malignancy yield, and with reduced rates of negative FNACs among three Thyroid Imaging, Reporting, and Data System (TIRADS) guidelines. Materials and Methods A total of 625 thyroid nodules with conclusive FNAC or histopathological diagnosis were included in the study. Various sonographic parameters were recorded. They were classified into categories as per the three guidelines and compared with FNAC diagnosis. The guidelines were evaluated in terms of sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, and diagnostic accuracy. Sensitivity and specificity were compared by McNemar's test. Results American College of Radiology (ACR) TIRADS had the highest diagnostic accuracy (56.8%), specificity (50.75%), positive predictive value (23.92%), lowest rates of negative FNACs (76.08%), and high negative predictive value (97.84 %). Korean (K) TIRADS had the maximum sensitivity (97.75%), highest negative predictive value (98.44%), and gross malignancy yield. European TIRADS was between the two other guidelines in most parameters with specificity like K TIRADS. Conclusion All the three guidelines are very good screening tools, with comparable high sensitivity. ACR TIRADS is better in terms of specificity and reduced rates of negative FNACs. Including the presence of a suspicious cervical lymph node as a criterion and more frequent follow-up might further improve the diagnostic performance of the guideline.","PeriodicalId":51597,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135855263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reproducibility and Explainability of Deep Learning in Mammography: A Systematic Review of Literature","authors":"Deeksha Bhalla, Krithika Rangarajan, Tany Chandra, Subhashis Banerjee, Chetan Arora","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1775737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1775737","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Although abundant literature is currently available on the use of deep learning for breast cancer detection in mammography, the quality of such literature is widely variable. Purpose To evaluate published literature on breast cancer detection in mammography for reproducibility and to ascertain best practices for model design. Methods The PubMed and Scopus databases were searched to identify records that described the use of deep learning to detect lesions or classify images into cancer or noncancer. A modification of Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (mQUADAS-2) tool was developed for this review and was applied to the included studies. Results of reported studies (area under curve [AUC] of receiver operator curve [ROC] curve, sensitivity, specificity) were recorded. Results A total of 12,123 records were screened, of which 107 fit the inclusion criteria. Training and test datasets, key idea behind model architecture, and results were recorded for these studies. Based on mQUADAS-2 assessment, 103 studies had high risk of bias due to nonrepresentative patient selection. Four studies were of adequate quality, of which three trained their own model, and one used a commercial network. Ensemble models were used in two of these. Common strategies used for model training included patch classifiers, image classification networks (ResNet in 67%), and object detection networks (RetinaNet in 67%). The highest reported AUC was 0.927 ± 0.008 on a screening dataset, while it reached 0.945 (0.919–0.968) on an enriched subset. Higher values of AUC (0.955) and specificity (98.5%) were reached when combined radiologist and Artificial Intelligence readings were used than either of them alone. None of the studies provided explainability beyond localization accuracy. None of the studies have studied interaction between AI and radiologist in a real world setting. Conclusion While deep learning holds much promise in mammography interpretation, evaluation in a reproducible clinical setting and explainable networks are the need of the hour.","PeriodicalId":51597,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136294069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Empowering Radiology Education: Embracing the Potential of Online Learning","authors":"Sandeep Singh Awal, Ameya S. Kawthalkar, Devpriyo Pal","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1775795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1775795","url":null,"abstract":"Letter to: Radiology Residents' Dilemma in Present Time!Indian J Radiol Imaging 2023; 33(04): 576-576DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1770919","PeriodicalId":51597,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136293496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Main Portal Vein Diameter Changes in Patients Undergoing Gastric Surgery for Malignancy: An Observational CT Study","authors":"Elif Gündoğdu, Fatma Didem Bayav, İhsan Burak Karakaya, Barış Türker, İlter Özer","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1775739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1775739","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background In the follow-up computed tomography (CT) examinations of patients who had undergone gastrectomy for gastric malignancy in our center, we noticed by chance that there was an isolated increase in the diameter of the main portal vein (MPV) without other radiological findings of portal hypertension. Objectives In this study, we aimed to evaluate whether the MPV diameter of patients who had gastric surgery for malignancy differed in the preoperative and postoperative periods and its change over time in patients who underwent postoperative follow-up examinations. Materials and Methods The CT images of 240 patients who underwent abdomen CT for staging and follow-up gastric malignancy between January 2017 and September 2021 were evaluated retrospectively. The CT scans of the remaining 149 patients after the exclusion criteria were included in the study. All CT imaging was performed using multidetector CT (64 or 128 slice) in portal venous phases. The images were evaluated by two radiologists based on consensus. Maximum MPV diameter were measured outer wall to outer wall with calipers on axial images at the level of 1 cm distal to the portosplenic confluence. Results One hundred forty-nine patients included in the study had preoperative CT examination. Eighty-three patients had follow-up CT examination at third month, 89 patients at sixth month, and 99 patients at first year. The MPV diameters differed significantly between preoperative CT and postoperative third month, sixth month, and first year CT (p = 0.001, p = 0.001, and p = 0.001, respectively). There was no difference in MPV diameter between postoperative third month CT and postoperative 6th month and 1st year CT (p = 0.514 and p = 0.078, respectively). Conclusion There is an increase in MPV diameter in the first 3 months postoperatively in patients undergoing gastric surgery for malignancy. This enlargement continues unchanged in the first 1 year follow-up. The radiologists' awareness of this situation may prevent the wrong diagnosis of portal hypertension, unnecessary concern, and further investigation.","PeriodicalId":51597,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136294485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spectrum of Multidetector Computed Tomography Imaging Findings in Iatrogenic Abdominopelvic Injuries: A Comprehensive Pictorial Review","authors":"Pavithra Subramanian, Arun Sharma, Raghuraman Soundararajan, Manphool Singhal","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1775736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1775736","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Iatrogenic injuries are unavoidable complications of surgeries and minimally invasive procedures. They are generally classified into vascular and nonvascular injuries and based on the time of injury into early and late injuries. Iatrogenic injuries, particularly vascular injuries, increase the mortality and morbidity, with prolongation of hospital-stay. Multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) is a highly sensitive, and often the first imaging modality in suspected iatrogenic injuries. This pictorial review elucidates the imaging considerations and appearances of iatrogenic injuries of the abdominopelvic organs on MDCT.","PeriodicalId":51597,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136293497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Contrast-Enhanced 3D Imaging with 2D Imaging in the Evaluation of Perianal Fistula at 3T: A Prospective Observational Study","authors":"Abdulla KV, Venkatesh Kasi Arunachalam, Haleema Sherene, Vijayakumaran Ethiraju, Rupa Ranganathan, Gowtham SM, Sriman Rajasekaran, Pankaj Mehta, Mathew Cherian","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1775738","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1775738","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction Perianal fistula and its recurrence is a challenging entity for surgeons. It is a well-establi1shed fact that magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings influence surgical procedures and reduce the rate of recurrence. In this study, we assessed the contrast-enhanced (CE) three dimensional T1 sequences [sampling perfection with application optimized contrast using different flip angle evolution (SPACE) and volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination (VIBE)] in a 3T MRI system to evaluate perianal fistulas and compared them with two-dimensional (2D) sequences. Materials and Methods Forty-four patients (mean age, 38.8 ± 15.3 [standard deviation]; 32 males, 12 females) with perianal fistula were included in this prospective study. The patients underwent conventional noncontrast, 2D sequences, diffusion-weighted imaging, followed by postcontrast, 2D T1 images in both axial and coronal planes, and 3D sequences at 3T. Acquisition times were recorded for each sequence. Each postcontrast sequence was evaluated in terms of image quality, presence of artifacts, fistula type, presence of an abscess, visibility, and number of internal orifices. The surgical findings were considered the gold standard. The imaging findings were compared with the surgical findings. Results In all three sequences, the fistula type and abscess were identified correctly in all patients. The sensitivity value for identification of ramifications utilizing CE 3D T1 VIBE sequence, CE 3D T1 SPACE, and CE 2D T1 images was 100, 86, and 36%, respectively. The number of internal orifices was identified by the CE 3D T1 VIBE and CE 3D T1 SPACE sequences in 100 and 92% of patients, respectively. CE 2D T1 images correctly identified internal orifices in 80% of patients. The overall scan time for each 3D sequence was shorter than for the combined postcontrast 2D sequences. Conclusion CE 3D T1 SPACE and CE 3D T1 VIBE sequences outperformed conventional CE 2D sequences in the evaluation of perianal fistulas in terms of visibility and the number of internal orifices with a shorter scanning time. Among the 3D sequences, CE 3D T1 VIBE is slightly superior to CE 3D T1 SPACE sequence.","PeriodicalId":51597,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136294348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}