Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging最新文献

{"title":"Imaging in Cloacal Malformations: A Comprehensive Update with Insights into Management and Surgical Considerations.","authors":"Abhinav C Bhagat, Radha Sarawagi, Sneha Periyasamy, Pramod K Sharma, Rajesh Malik, Aman Kumar, Jitendra Sharma, Ankur Patel","doi":"10.1055/s-0045-1807238","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0045-1807238","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cloacal malformations are a rare and complex group of anomalies resulting from faulty or incomplete separation of female genitourinary and anorectal systems. These encompass a wide spectrum of anomalies with varied clinical features, radiological imaging findings, and surgical management. They are frequently associated with spinal, cardiac, and respiratory tract abnormalities. Multidisciplinary teamwork is essential for achieving the best possible outcome in these patients. This article aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of cloacal malformations with review of current literature and discussion of relevant embryology, highlighting various classification systems and describing the role of imaging in diagnosis and preoperative planning, along with insights into management and surgical options.</p>","PeriodicalId":51597,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging","volume":"36 1","pages":"2-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12788937/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145953915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Dual-Energy CT Derived Myocardial Delayed Enhancement with Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients with Cardiomyopathy-Related Heart Failure.","authors":"Damandeep Singh, Uma Debi, Manphool Singhal, Arun Sharma, Saurabh Mehrotra","doi":"10.1055/s-0045-1806850","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0045-1806850","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cardiomyopathy (CMP) related heart failure (HF) is a leading cause of disability and death. Using novel cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI), late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) is detected as an imaging marker of myocardial fibrosis. Over the last few years there is increased percentage of ischemia related heart failure, subjecting patients to invasive catheter angiography for detection of coronary artery disease (CAD). This study evaluates the role of Dual energy cardiac computed tomography (DECT) as a one-step modality to diagnose coronary artery disease and myocardial fibrosis in a single step investigation.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of the study is to assess the diagnostic performance of DECT in the evaluation of myocardial delayed enhancement (MDE) with LGE MRI as the standard of reference.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Thirty patients of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (<40%) who were diagnosed with myocardial scar (LGE) on CMRI underwent DECT coronary angiography and delayed scan at 8 to 10 minutes for assessment of MDE, mainly assessing the coronary vascular status and the pattern of MDE detection. The MDE images (virtual monochromatic [VM] and iodine density maps) were compared with the LGE images, with LGE as the gold standard.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The diagnostic accuracy of iodine density map and VM images as compared with LGE in CMRI is 76 and 66%, respectively ( <i>p</i>  < 0.001). The sensitivity and specificity of virtual monochromatic images as compared with iodine density maps is 86.96 and 100%, respectively, with a kappa value of 0.757 consistent with the statistically significant result.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>DECT angiography with MDE is a robust investigation to detect coronary artery disease and myocardial fibrosis in the same sitting with comparable performance when compared with CMRI-derived LGE imaging.</p>","PeriodicalId":51597,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging","volume":"36 1","pages":"31-39"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12788942/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145953841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishing Diagnostic Reference Level for Adult Abdomen and Pelvis CT Scans: A Benchmarking Study across BMI Groups.","authors":"Jaseemudheen M M, Raghuraja U, Sri Krishna U, Lathika Shetty, Amita Dabholkar, Chandana Ramachandraiah","doi":"10.1055/s-0045-1806868","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0045-1806868","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective</b>  This study aims to establish local diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) for contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) abdomen and pelvis scans in adult patients within the Mangalore region, emphasizing variations in radiation dose metrics across body mass index (BMI) categories. <b>Materials and Methods</b>  A prospective multicenter study was conducted across five health care facilities and analyzed data from 500 patients (18-60 years) undergoing multiphase CECT abdomen and pelvis scans. CT dose descriptors, volumetric CT dose index (CTDIvol), and dose length product (DLP) were recorded separately for plain, arterial, and portovenous phases. Descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, and correlation analyses assessed dose variations across BMI categories. <b>Results</b>  The 75th percentile CTDIvol and DLP values for the plain phase were 8.30 mGy and 460.50 mGy·cm, respectively. Significant variations in radiation dose indices were observed across BMI groups ( <i>p</i>  < 0.001). CTDIvol for the plain phase increased from 7.42 ± 1.41 mGy in underweight individuals to 8.41 ± 1.21 mGy in overweight individuals. Corresponding DLP values ranged from 400.00 to 450.55 mGy·cm. <b>Conclusion</b>  The study established DRLs at the 75th percentile, demonstrating lower radiation doses than national and international benchmarks. These results highlight the significance of optimizing doses according to BMI to improve patient safety and the quality of diagnoses.</p>","PeriodicalId":51597,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging","volume":"36 1","pages":"40-47"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12788930/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145953942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lupus Enteritis as an Initial Manifestation in a Previously Undiagnosed Case of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Case Report.","authors":"Ankita Baharani, Nitisha Chowdhury, Ravi Varma","doi":"10.1055/s-0045-1806748","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0045-1806748","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune condition with the potential to impact all bodily organ systems. Lupus enteritis represents a rare complication observed in a subset of patients who exhibit nonspecific gastrointestinal symptoms. Typically, the diagnosis relies on imaging findings such as localized or widespread thickening of the bowel wall, abnormal enhancement of the bowel wall, a distinctive \"comb sign\" indicating engorged mesenteric vessels, the presence of ascites, and lymph node enlargement. Treatment usually involves the administration of corticosteroids and other immunosuppressive agents as second-line options, which have demonstrated efficacy in managing lupus enteritis. This report details a case of previously undiagnosed SLE in a patient presenting with abdominal pain and diarrhea, with diagnostic assessments confirming the presence of lupus enteritis. Timely identification and appropriate treatment are crucial in managing lupus enteritis to mitigate potential complications and enhance long-term survival. Additionally, we explore the clinical characteristics of lupus enteritis, underscoring its underlying mechanisms, diagnostic approaches, and therapeutic strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":51597,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging","volume":"36 2","pages":"258-261"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13002262/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147500697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overcoming Complexity: Percutaneous Embolization for Hepatic Artery Pseudoaneurysms in Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia (HHT).","authors":"Anjali Sah, Rajendra Kumar Behera, Anuradha Sharma, Shivanand Gamanagatti, Ayush Agarwal, Soumya Jagannath Mahapatra","doi":"10.1055/s-0045-1805005","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0045-1805005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome also known as hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is a rare vascular dysplasia affecting multiple organ systems in the body. Hepatic manifestations of HHT include telangiectasias, large confluent masses, hepatic perfusion abnormalities, and various types of intrahepatic vascular shunts. Spontaneous hepatic pseudoaneurysm (PA) in HHT is a less well-known phenomenon, with fewer than 20 cases reported in the literature so far. Even rarer is the use of percutaneous glue (N-butyl cyanoacrylate) embolization to manage multiple hepatic PAs in HHT syndrome. The purpose of this case report is to describe the successful management of multiple hepatic PAs by percutaneous embolization in a 56-year-old male diagnosed with HHT.</p>","PeriodicalId":51597,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging","volume":"36 2","pages":"253-257"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13002275/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147500721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum: Writing for Clarity: A Concise Guide for Scientific Writing and Tips for Selecting a Journal.","authors":"Thittayil Suresh Apoorv","doi":"10.1055/s-0045-1804905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0045-1804905","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1800802.].</p>","PeriodicalId":51597,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging","volume":"35 Suppl 1","pages":"e1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11922608/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143665353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Basic Statistics for Radiologists: Part 1-Basic Data Interpretation and Inferential Statistics.","authors":"Adarsh Anil Kumar, Jineesh Valakkada, Anoop Ayyappan, Santhosh Kannath","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1796644","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0044-1796644","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A systematic approach to statistical analysis is essential for accurate data interpretation and informed decision-making in the rapidly evolving field of radiology. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the fundamental statistical concepts for radiologists and clinicians. The first part of this series introduces foundational elements such as data types, distributions, descriptive and inferential statistics, hypothesis testing, and sampling methods. These are crucial for understanding the underlying structure of research data. The second part of this series delves deeper into advanced topics, including correlation and causality, regression analysis, survival curves, and the analysis of diagnostic tests using contingency tables and receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves. These tools are vital for evaluating the efficacy of imaging techniques and drawing valid conclusions from clinical studies. As radiology continues to push the boundaries of technology and therapeutic interventions, mastering these statistical principles will empower radiologists to critically assess literature, conduct rigorous research, and contribute to evidence-based practices. Despite the pivotal role of statistics in radiology, formal training in these methodologies is still limited to a certain extent. This primer aims to bridge that gap, providing radiologists with the necessary tools to enhance diagnostic accuracy, optimize patient outcomes, and advance the field through robust research.</p>","PeriodicalId":51597,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging","volume":"35 Suppl 1","pages":"S58-S73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11717466/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142973199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plagiarism in Publications: All about Being Fair!","authors":"Neeraj Lalwani","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1791745","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0044-1791745","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Upholding the highest standards of publication ethics is critical for ensuring the integrity of scholarly work, maintaining public trust, and advancing knowledge responsibly in academia. Plagiarism, defined as intellectual theft, is a significant ethical issue that undermines these principles. There are many forms of plagiarism, including direct, self, mosaic, and accidental plagiarism. Plagiarism is prevalent across the globe, but the problem is worse in developing countries due to numerous factors, such as social and economic conditions and lack of knowledge. The digital age has further exacerbated the situation, as easy access to artificial intelligence and online content facilitates plagiarism. To combat this problem, it is essential to recognize the importance of originality and the consequences of plagiarism, including damage to one's professional reputation, legal repercussions, and loss of credibility and trust. Educational institutions and publishers can play a crucial role in promoting a culture of fairness by implementing clear guidelines, providing training on ethical research practices, and enforcing strict consequences for violations. By encouraging an environment that values honesty, transparency, and respect for intellectual property, the academic community can uphold high ethical standards and contribute to the evolution of knowledge with integrity.</p>","PeriodicalId":51597,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging","volume":"35 Suppl 1","pages":"S36-S45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11717454/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142973242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive Guide to Randomized Controlled Trials in Radiology: Everything You Need to Know.","authors":"Shreya Shukla, Abhishek Mahajan","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1792044","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0044-1792044","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Evidence-based medicine integrates clinical research, personal expertise, and patient values. The most robust forms of clinical evidence, such as randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and prospective studies, provide the strongest support for medical decision-making. RCTs are vital in radiology for evaluating new imaging technologies, contrast agents, and therapeutic procedures, despite challenges in translating preclinical findings to clinical practice. This guide discusses the history, principles, methodologies, and applications of RCTs in radiology, highlighting their role in advancing the field and supporting evidence-based practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":51597,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging","volume":"35 Suppl 1","pages":"S119-S127"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11717457/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142973202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transitioning from Teaching to Mentoring in Medical Sciences.","authors":"Amod Gupta","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1791746","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0044-1791746","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The transition from traditional teaching to mentoring in medical education is urgently required to create future-ready physicians, researchers, and medical teachers in India. A roadmap was drawn by the pioneers of modern medicine more than 100 years ago, who mentored and prepared the next generation of subspecialists and teachers. We need mentors rather than conventional teachers to inspire students to dream, learn, and grow. In today's world, the role of teachers transcends imparting information to foster critical thinking and contextual application of knowledge. Mentors play a pivotal role in cultivating future medical leaders through recognition, guidance, and mutual respect. Mentors guide lifelong learning and personal development. A trusting mentor-mentee relationship is critical for effective medical education, research, and professional growth. Mentoring significantly benefits residents by fostering well-being, collegiality, and professional skills. Academic mentorship results in increased publication rates, grants, career satisfaction, and retention of faculty in the institutions. With mentors, navigating academia's challenges proves manageable, impacting career trajectory. While mentoring is crucial for career advancement and personal development, there are disparities, especially for women. Formal institutional support for mentoring is essential for sustained impact. Mentor-mentee relationships in academia are evolving toward short-term, need-driven interactions facilitated by workshops during the annual professional society meetings and speed mentoring. E-mentoring offers flexible, cost-effective support transcending geographies and time zones. Identifying the right mentor is crucial for academic success, emphasizing shared knowledge, effective communication, and mutual trust. Evaluating mentoring programs remains challenging, requiring comprehensive, stakeholder-driven assessment tools.</p>","PeriodicalId":51597,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging","volume":"35 Suppl 1","pages":"S155-S162"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11717460/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142973220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}