Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging最新文献

{"title":"Malignancy Risk Stratification of Suspicious Breast Microcalcifications Detected on Mammograms Using Morphological and Distribution Characteristics Based on the Fifth Edition of BI-RADS.","authors":"Suchitra S Hegde, Rupa Ananthasivan, Shilpa P Ramachandra","doi":"10.1055/s-0045-1809161","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0045-1809161","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Breast cancer is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in women. Hence, detecting suspicious microcalcifications on mammograms can be crucial for early diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To determine the malignancy risk of suspicious microcalcifications detected on mammograms in terms of positive predictive value (PPV) based on morphology and distribution characteristics and correlate results with BI-RADS Atlas, fifth edition and world literature.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This is a hospital-based observational study conducted at our institute over 15-month duration and included all symptomatic and asymptomatic females who underwent mammogram, detected with suspicious breast microcalcifications, followed by stereotactic or ultrasound-guided breast biopsy and histopathology.</p><p><strong>Statistical analysis: </strong>The chi-square test was used to test the association of the outcome. A <i>p</i>  < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 77 lesions, 56 were not associated with mass and 21 were associated with mass. Overall PPV for malignancy of suspicious microcalcifications not associated with mass was 37.5%, and PPV of these according to morphology descriptors was: amorphous 9.5%; coarse heterogeneous 45.4%; fine pleomorphic 50%, and fine linear/fine linear branching 100% ( <i>p</i>  < 0.001). Overall PPV when associated with mass was 71.4%. PPV of suspicious microcalcifications for distribution descriptors was: regional 0%, grouped 38.9%, linear 66.7%, and segmental 63.2%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Results of our study correlated well with BI-RADS, fifth edition. Subcategorizing morphology and distribution descriptors provides accurate risk stratification, determines the need for image-guided biopsy, and guides further management strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":51597,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging","volume":"36 1","pages":"92-99"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12788938/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145953992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Summary of the Proceedings of International Radiology Forum 2025: Green Radiology and Sustainability in Medical Imaging.","authors":"","doi":"10.1055/s-0045-1806938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0045-1806938","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The International Radiology Forum at the AOCR 2025 discussed the need for sustainability practices in medical imaging and \"Green Radiology\" for planet earth. The participating societies were invited to submit written reports detailing the current situation in their country or region. The International Radiology Forum is designed to discuss hot topics in the profession of radiology among various international societies. At the International Radiology Forum 2025, environmental impact of medical imaging was discussed and several ideas were proposed to achieve sustainability in medical imaging including training and education regarding green radiology, technology and innovation with utilization of AI, policy formulation and implementation, and the improvisation of hospital infrastructure to achieve a limited carbon footprint.</p>","PeriodicalId":51597,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging","volume":"35 2","pages":"209-212"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12034408/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144032083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing Radiology Postgraduate Education with Increase in Number of Seats: The Way Forward.","authors":"Shyamkumar N Keshava, Binit Sureka","doi":"10.1055/s-0045-1805057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0045-1805057","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51597,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging","volume":"35 2","pages":"203"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12034410/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144008469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Summary of the Proceedings of Asian Oceanian Radiology Forum 2025: Key Challenges in Radiology Clinical Practice across the Asia-Oceania Region.","authors":"","doi":"10.1055/s-0045-1807250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0045-1807250","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Asian Oceanian Radiology Forum at the AOCR 2025 discussed the key challenges in clinical radiology practice. The participating societies were invited to submit their report addressing the current situation in their country or region. The session also focussed on identifying common bottlenecks and possible solutions including financial sustainability, expansion of training and inclusion of articial intelligence (AI).</p>","PeriodicalId":51597,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging","volume":"35 2","pages":"213-217"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12034399/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144039071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Imaging in Cloacal Malformations: A Comprehensive Update with Insights into Management and Surgical Considerations.","authors":"Abhinav C Bhagat, Radha Sarawagi, Sneha Periyasamy, Pramod K Sharma, Rajesh Malik, Aman Kumar, Jitendra Sharma, Ankur Patel","doi":"10.1055/s-0045-1807238","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0045-1807238","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cloacal malformations are a rare and complex group of anomalies resulting from faulty or incomplete separation of female genitourinary and anorectal systems. These encompass a wide spectrum of anomalies with varied clinical features, radiological imaging findings, and surgical management. They are frequently associated with spinal, cardiac, and respiratory tract abnormalities. Multidisciplinary teamwork is essential for achieving the best possible outcome in these patients. This article aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of cloacal malformations with review of current literature and discussion of relevant embryology, highlighting various classification systems and describing the role of imaging in diagnosis and preoperative planning, along with insights into management and surgical options.</p>","PeriodicalId":51597,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging","volume":"36 1","pages":"2-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12788937/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145953915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Dual-Energy CT Derived Myocardial Delayed Enhancement with Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients with Cardiomyopathy-Related Heart Failure.","authors":"Damandeep Singh, Uma Debi, Manphool Singhal, Arun Sharma, Saurabh Mehrotra","doi":"10.1055/s-0045-1806850","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0045-1806850","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cardiomyopathy (CMP) related heart failure (HF) is a leading cause of disability and death. Using novel cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI), late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) is detected as an imaging marker of myocardial fibrosis. Over the last few years there is increased percentage of ischemia related heart failure, subjecting patients to invasive catheter angiography for detection of coronary artery disease (CAD). This study evaluates the role of Dual energy cardiac computed tomography (DECT) as a one-step modality to diagnose coronary artery disease and myocardial fibrosis in a single step investigation.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of the study is to assess the diagnostic performance of DECT in the evaluation of myocardial delayed enhancement (MDE) with LGE MRI as the standard of reference.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Thirty patients of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (<40%) who were diagnosed with myocardial scar (LGE) on CMRI underwent DECT coronary angiography and delayed scan at 8 to 10 minutes for assessment of MDE, mainly assessing the coronary vascular status and the pattern of MDE detection. The MDE images (virtual monochromatic [VM] and iodine density maps) were compared with the LGE images, with LGE as the gold standard.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The diagnostic accuracy of iodine density map and VM images as compared with LGE in CMRI is 76 and 66%, respectively ( <i>p</i>  < 0.001). The sensitivity and specificity of virtual monochromatic images as compared with iodine density maps is 86.96 and 100%, respectively, with a kappa value of 0.757 consistent with the statistically significant result.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>DECT angiography with MDE is a robust investigation to detect coronary artery disease and myocardial fibrosis in the same sitting with comparable performance when compared with CMRI-derived LGE imaging.</p>","PeriodicalId":51597,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging","volume":"36 1","pages":"31-39"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12788942/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145953841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishing Diagnostic Reference Level for Adult Abdomen and Pelvis CT Scans: A Benchmarking Study across BMI Groups.","authors":"Jaseemudheen M M, Raghuraja U, Sri Krishna U, Lathika Shetty, Amita Dabholkar, Chandana Ramachandraiah","doi":"10.1055/s-0045-1806868","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0045-1806868","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective</b>  This study aims to establish local diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) for contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) abdomen and pelvis scans in adult patients within the Mangalore region, emphasizing variations in radiation dose metrics across body mass index (BMI) categories. <b>Materials and Methods</b>  A prospective multicenter study was conducted across five health care facilities and analyzed data from 500 patients (18-60 years) undergoing multiphase CECT abdomen and pelvis scans. CT dose descriptors, volumetric CT dose index (CTDIvol), and dose length product (DLP) were recorded separately for plain, arterial, and portovenous phases. Descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, and correlation analyses assessed dose variations across BMI categories. <b>Results</b>  The 75th percentile CTDIvol and DLP values for the plain phase were 8.30 mGy and 460.50 mGy·cm, respectively. Significant variations in radiation dose indices were observed across BMI groups ( <i>p</i>  < 0.001). CTDIvol for the plain phase increased from 7.42 ± 1.41 mGy in underweight individuals to 8.41 ± 1.21 mGy in overweight individuals. Corresponding DLP values ranged from 400.00 to 450.55 mGy·cm. <b>Conclusion</b>  The study established DRLs at the 75th percentile, demonstrating lower radiation doses than national and international benchmarks. These results highlight the significance of optimizing doses according to BMI to improve patient safety and the quality of diagnoses.</p>","PeriodicalId":51597,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging","volume":"36 1","pages":"40-47"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12788930/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145953942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum: Writing for Clarity: A Concise Guide for Scientific Writing and Tips for Selecting a Journal.","authors":"Thittayil Suresh Apoorv","doi":"10.1055/s-0045-1804905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0045-1804905","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1800802.].</p>","PeriodicalId":51597,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging","volume":"35 Suppl 1","pages":"e1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11922608/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143665353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Basic Statistics for Radiologists: Part 1-Basic Data Interpretation and Inferential Statistics.","authors":"Adarsh Anil Kumar, Jineesh Valakkada, Anoop Ayyappan, Santhosh Kannath","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1796644","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0044-1796644","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A systematic approach to statistical analysis is essential for accurate data interpretation and informed decision-making in the rapidly evolving field of radiology. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the fundamental statistical concepts for radiologists and clinicians. The first part of this series introduces foundational elements such as data types, distributions, descriptive and inferential statistics, hypothesis testing, and sampling methods. These are crucial for understanding the underlying structure of research data. The second part of this series delves deeper into advanced topics, including correlation and causality, regression analysis, survival curves, and the analysis of diagnostic tests using contingency tables and receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves. These tools are vital for evaluating the efficacy of imaging techniques and drawing valid conclusions from clinical studies. As radiology continues to push the boundaries of technology and therapeutic interventions, mastering these statistical principles will empower radiologists to critically assess literature, conduct rigorous research, and contribute to evidence-based practices. Despite the pivotal role of statistics in radiology, formal training in these methodologies is still limited to a certain extent. This primer aims to bridge that gap, providing radiologists with the necessary tools to enhance diagnostic accuracy, optimize patient outcomes, and advance the field through robust research.</p>","PeriodicalId":51597,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging","volume":"35 Suppl 1","pages":"S58-S73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11717466/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142973199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive Guide to Randomized Controlled Trials in Radiology: Everything You Need to Know.","authors":"Shreya Shukla, Abhishek Mahajan","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1792044","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0044-1792044","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Evidence-based medicine integrates clinical research, personal expertise, and patient values. The most robust forms of clinical evidence, such as randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and prospective studies, provide the strongest support for medical decision-making. RCTs are vital in radiology for evaluating new imaging technologies, contrast agents, and therapeutic procedures, despite challenges in translating preclinical findings to clinical practice. This guide discusses the history, principles, methodologies, and applications of RCTs in radiology, highlighting their role in advancing the field and supporting evidence-based practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":51597,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging","volume":"35 Suppl 1","pages":"S119-S127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11717457/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142973202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}