Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging最新文献

{"title":"Misventure in the Treacherous Terrain of Subscapularis during Latarjet Procedure: A Case Report.","authors":"Kirthi Sathyakumar, Madhavi Kandagaddala, Kiran Sasi, Anand Ashok, Praveen K Chinniah","doi":"10.1055/s-0045-1811657","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0045-1811657","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Latarjet procedure is one of the commonly performed surgeries for recurrent anterior dislocation of the shoulder and has been modified by many surgeons over the past eight decades. This procedure mandates detailed understanding of the anatomy of the shoulder, axillary region, and brachial plexus, as the subscapularis muscle will be split open during the procedure, which forms the bed for axillary artery and cords and branches of the brachial plexus. Any deviation from the procedure could lead to untoward complications. We present an extremely rare case of injury to the lateral cord of brachial plexus, musculocutaneous nerve, and median nerve following the Latarjet procedure.</p>","PeriodicalId":51597,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging","volume":"36 3","pages":"422-425"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13290312/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148320627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ability of MRI Breast to Predict Pathologic Complete Response Following Neoadjuvant Systemic Therapy in Patients with Breast Cancer.","authors":"Anu L Joy, Teena Sleeba, Anu S Easo, Aju Mathew","doi":"10.1055/s-0045-1811599","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0045-1811599","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neoadjuvant systemic therapy (NST) has revolutionized the management of breast cancer by downstaging the disease and improving survival rates. Pathologic complete response, where surgical histopathological examination shows no invasive cancer in the breast and axilla, is not an uncommon scenario. In such patients, surgery may have added value to cancer control only for documenting the absence of cancer cells in the body in response to NST. In other words, could we have forfeited surgery for such patients if we were able to reliably identify them before surgery? However, the challenge lies in accurately identifying such patients. This narrative literature review explores the predictive ability of MRI scans in assessing pathological complete response (pCR) following NST. MRI demonstrates high sensitivity and specificity in detecting residual tumors post-NST, outperforming conventional imaging modalities. Combining diffusion-weighted MRI and contrast-enhanced MRI enhances diagnostic accuracy, particularly in monitoring response to chemotherapy. However, MRI's limitations include over- or underestimation of lesion size and morphology, necessitating complementary approaches for precise assessment. Vacuum-assisted core biopsy (VACB) emerges as a promising adjunct to MRI, offering high negative predictive value and minimal invasiveness. MRI-guided VACB enables accurate tissue sampling and lesion verification, augmenting diagnostic certainty. This integrated approach could particularly benefit patients with smaller-sized triple-negative or HER2-positive tumors. Further research is warranted to establish the clinical utility of combined MRI and VACB in predicting pCR post-NST and guiding personalized treatment decisions. Such advancements hold promise for a paradigm shift in breast cancer management, sparing patients from avoidable surgeries and optimizing therapeutic outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":51597,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging","volume":"36 3","pages":"316-325"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13290314/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148320516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Kupffer Cell-Specific Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound for Characterization of Suspicious Malignant Focal Liver Lesions.","authors":"Abhinandan Kumar, Shalini T Laroia, Abhishek Arora, Amar Mukund, Yashwant Patidar, Sushant Babbar","doi":"10.1055/s-0045-1811553","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0045-1811553","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This article aims to assess the diagnostic accuracy of Kupffer cell-specific contrast-enhanced ultrasound (Sonazoid) for characterization of suspicious malignant focal liver lesions and the diagnostic accuracy of Sonazoid in differentiating tumoral thrombosis of the portal vein from bland thrombosis.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This was a single-center, prospective, cross-sectional study conducted in the Department of Radiology. Baseline gray-scale ultrasound, along with contrast-enhanced imaging, was performed in patients who met the inclusion criteria. CEUS images were read by two radiologists with an experience of 3 and 15 years, respectively. Interobserver agreement between two observers was calculated. CECT and CEMRI images were read by a third radiologist with an experience of around 7 years; he was also blinded to the histopathology and CEUS results. CECT/CEMRI was taken as a gold standard for HCC (based on the evidence-based practice/AASLD guidelines); for non-HCC lesions, histopathology was taken as a gold standard. Diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, and positive predictive value (PPV) of CEUS were then calculated with respect to the gold standard. In eight cases included in our study, portal vein thrombosis was present, and so the diagnostic accuracy of CEUS with Sonazoid for differentiating tumoral and bland thrombosis was also calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CEUS with Sonazoid has a sensitivity of 90%, an accuracy of 87%, and a PPV of 96% for characterizing focal liver lesions. CEUS with Sonazoid (with respect to histopathology) has a sensitivity of 87.5%, specificity of 87.5%, and diagnostic accuracy of 77.8% for the characterization of lesions. In a limited number of patients included in our study, CEUS had a sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, and PPV of 100% for differentiating between tumoral and bland thrombus.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CEUS is an excellent modality for differentiating tumoral from bland thrombus, and it can be safely used for lesion characterization in patients where CT/MRI contrast agent is contraindicated. In cases of diagnostic dilemma, CEUS can be used as an alternative modality. Since it is radiation free, it can be used in regular surveillance of high-risk patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":51597,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging","volume":"36 3","pages":"354-365"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13290315/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148320511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic Efficacy of Cone Beam Computed Tomography Sialography (Sialo-CBCT) in Salivary Gland Pathologies: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Smrithy K Sivadas, Shruthi Hegde, Vidya Ajila, Tannishtha","doi":"10.1055/s-0045-1811209","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0045-1811209","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This article aims to investigate the clinical usefulness of sialography with cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), also known as Sialo-CBCT, for the diagnosis of salivary gland diseases.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Literature search was performed in PubMed and Web of Science databases with search terminologies \"sialography, cone beam computed tomography sialography, salivary gland diseases.\" Thirteen articles that examined the diagnostic potential of Sialo-CBCT were included in the present review. The search complied with PRISMA criteria, and the protocol was registered in the PROSPERO [CRD42024503038].</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of thirteen publications included in the review, three were studies that optimized the effective dosage and image quality in Sialo-CBCT and ten remaining included imaging performed in patients with salivary gland diseases.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings suggest that 3D CBCT combined with sialography has good diagnostic potential in visualizing the ductal subdivisions and anatomy of the salivary glands as well as the identification of salivary gland pathologies. Characteristic features of imaging modalities such as plain radiography, ultrasonography, CT-sialography, MR-sialography, and CBCT-sialography were outlined in the review.</p>","PeriodicalId":51597,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging","volume":"36 3","pages":"290-299"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13290313/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148320600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual-Energy CT Enterography in Intestinal Tuberculosis: Role of Relative Enhancement Calculated on Iodine Maps in Assessing Disease Activity.","authors":"Deeksha Bhalla, Tarvinder Singh, Anmol Bhatia, Naveen Kalra, Rakesh Kochhar, Vikas Gupta, Kim Vaiphei","doi":"10.1055/s-0045-1811212","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0045-1811212","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This article studies the role of dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) enterography with iodine material decomposition images in activity assessment of tuberculosis of the bowel.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Twenty-four patients with suspected tuberculous bowel involvement were enrolled in this prospective study. All patients underwent DECT enterography as well as endoscopy and biopsy. Quantitative assessment of iodine overlay images was done to map the absolute and relative iodine uptake in involved segments of the bowel and lymph nodes. Comparison of the iodine uptake was made with histopathological activity grading using Spearman's correlation. The temporal change in the iodine uptake on posttreatment versus pretreatment group was recorded and tested for significance using Student's <i>t</i> -test and Wilcoxon signed rank test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Excellent correlation was found between grading of inflammatory activity on histopathology and relative bowel enhancement measured on iodine maps (Spearman's rho 0.895, <i>p</i>  < 0.001). Attenuation values and absolute iodine uptake in the bowel showed no significant difference in the pre- and posttreatment groups ( <i>p</i>  > 0.05), while relative bowel as well as lymph nodal enhancement were significantly different ( <i>p</i>  = 0.001 and 0.008, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Uptake on the iodine maps in DECT data set showed correlation with histopathology as well as posttreatment resolution, suggesting the role of DECT in disease activity assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":51597,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging","volume":"36 3","pages":"345-353"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13290316/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148320633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Syphilitic Myelitis is not Rare and is Usually Associated with Cerebral Manifestations of the Infection.","authors":"Josef Finsterer","doi":"10.1055/s-0045-1811210","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0045-1811210","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51597,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging","volume":"36 3","pages":"440-441"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13290304/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148320573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Chatbots to Agentic Workflows: Ensuring Responsible Deployment of Large Language Models in Radiology.","authors":"Suvrankar Datta, Pradosh Kumar Sarangi","doi":"10.1055/s-0045-1811264","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0045-1811264","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51597,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging","volume":"36 2","pages":"286-288"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13002263/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147500667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial Intelligence in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tear Diagnosis: A Bibliometric Analysis of the 50 Most Cited Studies.","authors":"Saran S Gill, Adrisa Prashar, Abith G Kamath, Hussayn Shinwari, Kapil Sugand, Chinmay M Gupte","doi":"10.1055/s-0045-1811267","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0045-1811267","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Since the 2000s, artificial intelligence (AI) publications in medicine have surged, particularly in orthopaedics and radiology. A key area is the diagnosis of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears, where AI enhances detection and treatment strategies. This study aims to perform a bibliometric analysis of AI in ACL tear diagnosis, identifying pivotal studies to guide future research and clinical priorities.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A bibliometric analysis was conducted using the Web of Science database. The top-50 articles were ranked by citation count and analyzed for basic characteristics and research focus. Trends in diagnostic advancements and AI model utilization were also assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The most cited articles, published between 2017 and 2024, peaked in 2021 ( <i>n</i>  = 13). Citation counts ranged from 7 to 401 (median: 8.5 ± 7.0). China ( <i>n</i>  = 14) and the United States ( <i>n</i>  = 13) emerged as the leading contributors. The vast majority (90%) of models were based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs), with 80% undergoing internal validation. Only 5% of the included models utilized a radiomic framework.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This bibliometric analysis examines the growing role of AI in ACL tear diagnosis, with a marked increase in research output from 2017 to 2024. Key barriers to the adoption of AI models include algorithmic bias, data privacy, explainability, cost-effectiveness, and interoperability. The underrepresentation of radiomic-based models, despite their diagnostic potential, highlights an avenue for future research. Advancing explainable AI, strengthening validation, and establishing standardized reporting guidelines will be essential to ensure clinical integration to improve patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":51597,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging","volume":"36 2","pages":"151-166"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13002279/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147500571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revisiting the Intracranial Neurological Imaging Manifestations of Human Immunodeficiency Virus: Pictorial Review with a Pattern-Based Approach.","authors":"Shibani Mehra, Deepak Verma, Lukshay Bansal","doi":"10.1055/s-0045-1811238","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0045-1811238","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) leads to a spectrum of pathologies from head to toe. This review focuses on the neurological complications associated with HIV infection. It highlights both direct effects, resulting from virus' direct impact on central nervous system (CNS), and indirect effects, stemming from progressive decline in CD4 counts. Direct effect encompasses HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) and HIV-associated vasculopathy. Indirect effect comprises all the opportunistic infections that an individual is predisposed too, including toxoplasmosis, cryptococcal meningitis, and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Radiological imaging plays a crucial role in diagnosis and distinguishing of all these entities, which can have overlapped clinical presentation. The imaging characteristics are distinctive, such as, HAND presents with symmetrical bilateral white matter hyperintensities on magnetic resonance imaging, while cerebral toxoplasmosis typically shows a target sign with multiple ring enhancement, and cryptococcal meningitis has a typical \"soap bubble appearance.\" Meanwhile, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy is identified by asymmetric T2 hyperintensities without enhancement. This review also covers CNS-immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome, a critical condition linked with antiretroviral therapy. This broad spectrum of presentation underscores the need for a systematic, pattern-based approach to enhance diagnostic accuracy, which is provided at the end.</p>","PeriodicalId":51597,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging","volume":"36 2","pages":"274-282"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13002264/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147500690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Imaging in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: A Comprehensive Review.","authors":"Stuti Chandola, Narendra Bagri, Manisha Jana","doi":"10.1055/s-0045-1811196","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0045-1811196","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common rheumatological disorder of the pediatric age group and includes all forms of arthritis that commence within 16 years of age, last for more than 6 weeks, and are of unknown cause. Its diagnosis is mainly clinical; however, imaging is essential in cases of equivocal clinical diagnosis, evaluation of disease burden, disease activity, and joint damage. Although radiographs were being used conventionally in JIA, the advent of anti-inflammatory therapies in JIA has resulted in a paradigm shift to increased utilization of ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging in disease evaluation, owing to greater sensitivity of the two modalities for detection of early inflammatory stages of the disease. This review discusses the role of imaging in JIA, including salient imaging findings and available scoring systems for monitoring this entity.</p>","PeriodicalId":51597,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging","volume":"36 3","pages":"426-439"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13290317/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148320570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}