{"title":"Action research is formative: research at Saskatchewan Hospital, 1957-61.","authors":"R Sommer","doi":"10.1177/002188638301900403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/002188638301900403","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The author has examined the five lines of research started at a mental hospital between 1957-61 to determine their immediate effects upon practice and subsequent citations in the literature. Three lines of research combining basic and applied studies affected practice and research as measured by literature citations. One line of basic studies of perception and psychopathology influenced research but not practice. Applied studies of perception and psychopathology influenced research but not practice. Applied studies of staff organization had immediate application but disappeared from the professional literature in a short time.</p>","PeriodicalId":515858,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science","volume":"19 4","pages":"427-38"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"1983-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/002188638301900403","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21134668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Phases of progressive burnout and their work site covariants: critical issues in OD research and praxis.","authors":"R T Golembiewski, R Munzenrider, D Carter","doi":"10.1177/002188638301900408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/002188638301900408","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The term \"burnout\" represents a significant perspective on how people respond to their work, but the attention paid to this phenomenon has largely been clinical and often anecdotal. In this article, the authors seek to expand the analysis of burnout in ways that permit comparative analysis, especially in large populations. This study specifically addresses three questions. First, does a paper-and-pencil instrument isolate domains of burnout that are relatively consistent between people-intensive work and the broader range of activities found in a commercial enterprise? Second, can we develop phases of progressive burnout? Third, can we test the efficacy of the burnout phases by searching for regularities in a panel of 22 variables commonly thought to tap the important facets of the work site? The author's analysis shows that we can answer these three central questions affirmatively, though occasionally with complex and potentially significant qualifications. The results of the analysis provide further evidence of the usefulness of a convenient instrument for measuring burnout and also suggest that behavioral scientists will find valuable a phase model that distinguishes regular and robust covariation by using a panel of variables thought to tap the important aspects of organizational life.</p>","PeriodicalId":515858,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science","volume":"19 4","pages":"461-81"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"1983-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/002188638301900408","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21134670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Methodological observations on applied behavioral science. A measurement package for clinical workers.","authors":"W W Hudson","doi":"10.1177/002188638201800210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/002188638201800210","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":515858,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science","volume":"18 2","pages":"229-38 concl"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"1982-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/002188638201800210","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21124493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Using social policy research for reducing social problems: an empirical analysis of structure and functions.","authors":"M van de Vall, C Bolas","doi":"10.1177/002188638201800106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/002188638201800106","url":null,"abstract":"Investigating three samples of social policy research in The Netherlands, the authors analyzed the conditions and functions influencing utilization (impact). Interorganizational context, intergroup relations, and role interaction were found to relate to utilization. The impact of social policy research upon organizational decisions is cognitive, communicative, and diagnostic. The cognitive function correlates negatively with publishing for scholarly audiences. Of the communicative function, six feedback strategies were evaluated with targeting scoring highest on impact. In the diagnostic function, creating consensus among decision-making groups has the greatest impact on decision making. The results suggest the latent operation of a professional paradigm of social policy research, distinct from the disciplinary social science paradigm.","PeriodicalId":515858,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science","volume":"18 1","pages":"49-67"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"1982-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/002188638201800106","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21168010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Methodological observations on applied behavioral science. A review of single-subject methodologies in applied settings.","authors":"R L Taylor, G L Adams","doi":"10.1177/002188638201800111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/002188638201800111","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":515858,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science","volume":"18 1","pages":"95-103 contd"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"1982-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/002188638201800111","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21124490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Basic and applied sociological work: divergence, convergence, or peaceful co-existence?","authors":"J R DeMartini","doi":"10.1177/002188638201800207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/002188638201800207","url":null,"abstract":"The linkages and barriers between basic and applied sociological work are examined. Basic sociology is defined as \"discipline oriented\" and applied sociology is defined as \"'client oriented.'\" These orientations are compared on three dimensions: goals, working norms, and reference groups. Possible linkages between the two sociologies are examined through two questions: (1) what relevance do the products of basic research have for applied work; and (2) how is the training necessary for basic research relevant to applied skills? A review of policy and evaluation research literature indicates that social science research findings have an indirect impact upon decision makers while the testimony of applied sociologists places heavy emphasis upon the importance of methodology and statistics. The relationship between a study's methodological and statistical sophistication and its utilization, however, appears to be inverse. Sociological theory has played a minor role in the training for and conduct of applied work, though the need for a theory of application is often cited by those concerned with the formation of public policy. Three scenarios are offered that suggest possible trends in the relationship between basic and applied sociology.","PeriodicalId":515858,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science","volume":"18 2","pages":"203-15"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"1982-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/002188638201800207","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21124492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Processes and payoffs of programmatic action research.","authors":"M W Stebbins, C C Snow","doi":"10.1177/002188638201800107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/002188638201800107","url":null,"abstract":"This article discusses the processes and payoffs of large-system or programmatic action research. Experiences gained from a long-term, action-research program in a large health-maintenance organization indicate that current OD theory and practice do not address satisfactorily major issues associated with large-system development. Viewed in retrospect, the change program offers several implications for future programmatic action-research efforts-OD programs that are complex, evolutionary, system-wide, and firmly grounded in behavioral science theories and concepts.","PeriodicalId":515858,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science","volume":"18 1","pages":"69-86"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"1982-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/002188638201800107","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21168011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Strategic management and changing leader-follower roles.","authors":"M S Wortman","doi":"10.1177/002188638201800310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/002188638201800310","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":515858,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science","volume":"18 3","pages":"371-83"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"1982-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/002188638201800310","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21168636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Leadership: the management of meaning.","authors":"L Smircich, G Morgan","doi":"10.1177/002188638201800303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/002188638201800303","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":515858,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science","volume":"18 3","pages":"257-73"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"1982-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/002188638201800303","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21126747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Maintaining organizational effectiveness during organizational retrenchment.","authors":"L Greenhalgh","doi":"10.1177/002188638201800204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/002188638201800204","url":null,"abstract":"Organizational changes usually imply work force changes. The method used to make personnel changes can reduce organizational effectiveness, particularly in terms of productivity and turnover. This paper describes and assesses an action research program to alter an organization's procedures for achieving work force changes in response to a declining environmental niche. Evaluation research was conducted to assess the consequences of existing procedures, and the resulting data were reported in dollar terms to demonstrate more effectively their negative impact on the organization. A demonstration program, subsequently evaluated as successful, provided the model for change. The paper examines the difficulty of establishing the revised procedures, the unintended side effects, the generalizability of the experience, and the social values underlying the approach.","PeriodicalId":515858,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science","volume":"18 2","pages":"155-70"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"1982-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/002188638201800204","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21124491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}