The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science最新文献_第3页

Complementary roles for formal and informal support groups: a study of nursing homes and mortality rates. 正式和非正式支助团体的补充作用:关于养老院和死亡率的研究。

IF 3.5

The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science Pub Date : 1985-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/002188638502100406

E Litwak

{"title":"Complementary roles for formal and informal support groups: a study of nursing homes and mortality rates.","authors":"E Litwak","doi":"10.1177/002188638502100406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/002188638502100406","url":null,"abstract":"Organizational theorists have argued that formal and informal support systems cannot exist in strong form in the same society. In this article, the author argues that such theories fail to consider the complementary of these two systems and the necessity of both for the completion of most tasks. A study of tasks performed for nursing home residents found that the formal organization assumed those tasks that could be standardized and deemed legitimate for Medicaid funding, while the others were either maintained by informal support groups or lost altogether. A study of the influence of informal support groups on mortality rates found that such groups played an important role in reducing death in older persons resulting from causes associated with nontechnical matters. In conclusion, the author finds that formal groups can best manage tasks that require technical knowledge or that can be reduced to simpler, routine components, whereas informal groups can better manage tasks requiring everyday knowledge and characterized by many contingencies or unpredictability. The author stresses that both formal and informal support must be provided when serviing older people.","PeriodicalId":515858,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science","volume":"21 4","pages":"407-25"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"1985-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/002188638502100406","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21168221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 31

The future of the voluntary agency in a mixed economy. 混合经济中志愿机构的未来。

IF 3.5

The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science Pub Date : 1985-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/002188638502100404

R M Kramer

引用次数: 32

Disability labeling vs. rehabilitation rhetoric for the chronically ill: a case study in policy contradictions. 残疾标签与慢性病康复修辞:政策矛盾的个案研究。

IF 3.5

The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science Pub Date : 1985-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/002188638502100209

N G Kutner, D R Brogan

{"title":"Disability labeling vs. rehabilitation rhetoric for the chronically ill: a case study in policy contradictions.","authors":"N G Kutner, D R Brogan","doi":"10.1177/002188638502100209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/002188638502100209","url":null,"abstract":"Among persons with chronic renal disease, limited encouragement to use self-care treatment options and easy access to disability income benefits tend to reinforce the concept of disability rather than foster rehabilitation goals. More than 80% of all chronic renal disease patients on dialysis therapy receive treatment in facilities at which they become highly dependent on medical staff, and estimates of unemployment among persons aged 21-59 years suffering from this disease range from 60% to 75%. The authors' data indicate that patients who receive dialysis treatment within facilities experience negative effects on their perceived health status and health locus of control as compared to patients who practice self-care dialysis at home. Although many factors contribute to unemployment among dialysis patients, the availability of disability income benefits seems to act as the most important deterrent to employment. Increasing the emphasis on the rehabilitation of this chronically ill population will require a movement away from disability labeling by providers of care and the patients themselves, as well as adjustment in the dialysis reimbursement system and in the eligibility requirements for disability compensation.","PeriodicalId":515858,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science","volume":"21 2","pages":"169-93"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"1985-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/002188638502100209","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21144978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13

Alternative professional roles in health care delivery: leadership patterns in self-help groups. 医疗保健服务中的替代专业角色:自助团体中的领导模式。

IF 3.5

The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science Pub Date : 1985-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/002188638502100407

M Yoak, M Chesler

引用次数: 51

Attitudes toward genetic engineering: the dilemma of the genetically abnormal child. 对基因工程的态度:基因异常儿童的困境。

IF 3.5

The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science Pub Date : 1984-05-01 DOI: 10.1177/002188638402000206

G Young, C Robinson

{"title":"Attitudes toward genetic engineering: the dilemma of the genetically abnormal child.","authors":"G Young, C Robinson","doi":"10.1177/002188638402000206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/002188638402000206","url":null,"abstract":"Ethicists and scientists have grappled with issues of genetic engineering for years, yet the position of the lay public on this topic remains largely unexplored. This study examines the attitudes of potential consumers — i.e., women of childbearing age — toward seven medical procedures for genetic engineering. We define genetic engineering as the use of medical procedures to terminate the life or prevent the birth of a genetically abnormal child. This article considers the following procedures: passive euthanasia, amniocentesis, abortion, genetic screening, sterilization, artificial insemination with donor sperm, and in vitro fertilization with a donor egg. The only two procedures that a majority of the women surveyed find acceptable are genetic screening and amniocentesis. Many women, however, apparently do not know enough about genetic engineering procedures to make informed decisions about their use. By far the most important predictor of attitudes toward genetic engineering procedures is frequency of participation in religious observances; the more frequent the participation, the more negative the attitudes. This suggests that decisions about genetic engineering are now and will continue to be based on both ideology and information. Thus, any campaign designed to raise the level of public understanding about genetic science and technology should confront the moral issues inherent in this field and in its application to human beings.","PeriodicalId":515858,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science","volume":"20 2","pages":"155-66"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"1984-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/002188638402000206","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21161897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

The effects of emotional support on perceived job stress and strain. 情绪支持对工作压力和紧张感的影响。

IF 3.5

The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science Pub Date : 1984-05-01 DOI: 10.1177/002188638402000205

S Jayaratne, W A Chess

引用次数: 94

The importance of employee expectations in organizational diagnosis. 员工期望在组织诊断中的重要性。

IF 3.5

The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science Pub Date : 1984-05-01 DOI: 10.1177/002188638402000207

S B Pond, A A Armenakis, S B Green

引用次数: 38

Methodological observations on applied behavioral science. 应用行为科学的方法论观察。

IF 3.5

The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science Pub Date : 1984-02-01 DOI: 10.1177/002188638402000113

W J Gingerich

引用次数: 40

Employee assistance programs in Australia and the United States: comparisons of origin, structure, and the role of behavioral science research. 澳大利亚和美国的雇员援助计划:起源、结构和行为科学研究作用的比较。

IF 3.5

The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science Pub Date : 1983-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/002188638301900312

P M Roman

引用次数: 15

Team building and the problem of regression: the personal management interview as an intervention. 团队建设与回归问题:以个人管理面谈为干预。

IF 3.5

The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science Pub Date : 1983-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/002188638301900108

R W Boss

引用次数: 49