Zprávy lesnického výzkumu最新文献_第2页

Srovnání stavu půd pod porostními skupinami jedle bělokoré a smrku ztepilého – případová studie 白冷杉和挪威云杉林下土壤条件的比较 - 案例研究

Zprávy lesnického výzkumu Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.59269/zlv/2024/1/715

V. Podrázský, I. Kupka, Jitka Staňová

{"title":"Srovnání stavu půd pod porostními skupinami jedle bělokoré a smrku ztepilého – případová studie","authors":"V. Podrázský, I. Kupka, Jitka Staňová","doi":"10.59269/zlv/2024/1/715","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59269/zlv/2024/1/715","url":null,"abstract":"The state of upper horizons of forest soils under forest stand groups of silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies /L./ Karst.) was compared in the same site conditions. The study was performed on the site characterized as oak-fir with Luzula nemorosa, soils were determined as Luvisols, altitude 420–440 m a.s.l. Upper soil horizons (L+F1, F2+H, Ah and B) were sampled in five replications, holorganic horizons quantitatively. The amount of surface humus as well as basic pedochemic characteristics were determined: pH, soil adsorption complex characteristics, exchangeable acidity, the content of total carbon and nitrogen, and content of total and plant available macronutrients. The cellulolytic potential of H and Ah horizons was determined in a laboratory experiment. Results confirmed only mild effects of silver fir on the soil chemistry: soil reaction, base saturation, and especially on nitrogen content and C/N ratio. Basic elements content was slightly affected as well. No visible effects of fir on the cellulolytic activity were detected. Silver fir, compared to Norway spruce, showed only minor soil improving function.","PeriodicalId":515466,"journal":{"name":"Zprávy lesnického výzkumu","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140743881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Zásoby uhlíku v lesních půdách a lesní hospodářství – review 森林土壤中的碳储量与森林管理--回顾

Zprávy lesnického výzkumu Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.59269/zlv/2024/1/716

V. Šrámek, V. Fadrhonsová, Kateřina Neudertová Hellebrandová, Emil Ciencala, L. Borůvka

{"title":"Zásoby uhlíku v lesních půdách a lesní hospodářství – review","authors":"V. Šrámek, V. Fadrhonsová, Kateřina Neudertová Hellebrandová, Emil Ciencala, L. Borůvka","doi":"10.59269/zlv/2024/1/716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59269/zlv/2024/1/716","url":null,"abstract":"The article summarizes and discusses studies focused on the carbon stock in forest soils and the way it is affected by forestry operations with a focus on the Central European (Czech) region. In general, the methods enhancing forests´ vitality and stability are more important than the procedures aimed at carbon sequestration only, as the major risk for carbon stock in forest soils is represented by large-scale disturbances. Important factors that will influence the mitigation potential include the change of tree species composition, as the majority of forests in the Czech Republic is still represented by Norway spruce or Scots pine even-aged monocultures. Careful practices of logging and forest restoration are recommended, with minimal opening of the crown layer. The use of clear-cuts should be reserved mainly for afforestation of light-demanding tree species. Care should be taken of sustainable nutrients content in forest soils, as the soil quality plays substantial role in the future forest vitality, productivity and resilience. Forest protection and all measures preventing large-scale forest disturbances are of key importance for carbon sequestration.","PeriodicalId":515466,"journal":{"name":"Zprávy lesnického výzkumu","volume":"59 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140742933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Spektrum odchyceného aphidomorfního hmyzu jedlových porostů 冷杉林中捕获的蚜虫种类

Zprávy lesnického výzkumu Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.59269/zlv/2024/1/714

David Fryč, Marie Zahradníková

{"title":"Spektrum odchyceného aphidomorfního hmyzu jedlových porostů","authors":"David Fryč, Marie Zahradníková","doi":"10.59269/zlv/2024/1/714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59269/zlv/2024/1/714","url":null,"abstract":"Moericke traps are commonly used to monitor pests in agriculture and at the same time, they have gradually been applied in forestry. Therefore, four Moericke traps were placed in two fir stands (Valšovice, Czech Republic) to investigate the spectrum and intensity of aphidomorphic insects between 2019 and 2021. The traps were consistently positioned at a height of two meters in the monitored stands throughout the monitoring period. Each stand was evaluated separately, and their distribution differences were compared to the nearest Johnson-Taylor suction trap in the locality called Věrovany. A total of 400 samples were collected over three years, out of which 1,674 specimens belonging to 111 species or genera, classified into three families (Aphididae, Adelgidae, and Phylloxeridae), were analyzed. The eudominant species found in these stands was Phyllaphis fagi, while the dominant species was Mindarus abietinus. Additionally, 11 species or genera were identified as subdominant, 5 species as recedents, and the remaining species fell under the category of subrecessive. It means that the majority of the captured specimens was not from fir trees but from undergrowth, adjacent stands, or other woody species.","PeriodicalId":515466,"journal":{"name":"Zprávy lesnického výzkumu","volume":"20 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140743056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Porovnání růstu douglasky tisolisté a smrku ztepilého podle dat lesních hospodářských plánů a osnov 根据森林管理计划和课程比较花旗松和挪威云杉的生长情况

Zprávy lesnického výzkumu Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.59269/zlv/2024/1/717

Karel Matějka, Jan Mondek

引用次数: 0

Aktivity v oblasti výzkumu a vývoje u podniků v lesním hospodářství v České republice 捷克共和国林业企业的研发活动

Zprávy lesnického výzkumu Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.59269/zlv/2024/1/720

Václav Kupčák, Jitka Meňházová, Václav Šebek, Luboš Červený

{"title":"Aktivity v oblasti výzkumu a vývoje u podniků v lesním hospodářství v České republice","authors":"Václav Kupčák, Jitka Meňházová, Václav Šebek, Luboš Červený","doi":"10.59269/zlv/2024/1/720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59269/zlv/2024/1/720","url":null,"abstract":"Research, development and innovation are generally formulated as priority attributes of economic growth, competitiveness and, therefore, improvement of living standards and social conditions all over the world. According to the Czech Statistical Office, the main source of funding for research, development and innovation in the Czech Republic are domestic and foreign enterprises. The emergence and history of forestry research in the Czech Republic has a remarkable and deep tradition, enhanced by the longevity of natural and production processes in forestry, not least because of the accentuated social importance of forest and forestry functions. The paper focuses on the research and development activities of selected forestry companies in the Czech Republic. The analysis included the state enterprise Lesy České republiky (Forests of the Czech Republic, s.e.), enterprises in the position of so-called contractual partners (in the outsourcing business model) and companies carrying out management activities in municipal forests. The basic methodological approach was the analysis of publicly available information on research and development reported by the enterprises concerned as so-called non-financial information in their annual reports for the years 2014–2020, on the basis of Act No. 563/1991 Coll., on accounting.","PeriodicalId":515466,"journal":{"name":"Zprávy lesnického výzkumu","volume":"7 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140743268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Vliv způsobu hospodaření, druhové skladby a fluktuace cen dříví na ekonomický výsledek lesního hospodaření 管理方法、树种组成和木材价格波动对森林管理经济效益的影响

Zprávy lesnického výzkumu Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.59269/zlv/2024/1/718

Jiří Remeš, Karel Pulkrab

{"title":"Vliv způsobu hospodaření, druhové skladby a fluktuace cen dříví na ekonomický výsledek lesního hospodaření","authors":"Jiří Remeš, Karel Pulkrab","doi":"10.59269/zlv/2024/1/718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59269/zlv/2024/1/718","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper was to assess the influence of the silvicultural system (clear-cut and shelterwood), species composition of forest stands, in relation to the fluctuation of raw wood prices, on the economic results of forest management. Model analyses were performed on the example of the conditions of the CZU Forests, specifically for the third forest vegetation zone, SLT 3K. The input to the model evaluation was: data on the growth and production of the investigated tree species in the given site conditions from growth tables, the costs of forestry measures were derived from standards, the assortment was carried out on the basis of assortment tables, the prices of assortments of raw wood were taken from the data of the Czech Statistical Office for 2015 and 2019. The synthetic result of the model evaluations was the gross profit of forest production per hectare and year. The results of the analysis prove the economic advantage and greater stability of the shelterwood silvicultural system, especially with regard to lower silvicultural costs, higher volume of timber production and mutual compensation of the decrease and increase in the prices of raw wood of the evaluated tree species.","PeriodicalId":515466,"journal":{"name":"Zprávy lesnického výzkumu","volume":"19 9‐10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140741361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Vyhodnocení provenienční plochy IUFRO s jedlí obrovskou na lokalitě Drahenice ve středních Čechách ve věku 41 let 对波希米亚中部德拉尼茨的国际林研联挪威云杉原产地小区 41 年树龄的评估

Zprávy lesnického výzkumu Pub Date : 2024-01-04 DOI: 10.59269/zlv/2023/4/711

Jiří Tomec, Jaromír Dostál, Ma Fulin, František Beran, Petr Novotný

{"title":"Vyhodnocení provenienční plochy IUFRO s jedlí obrovskou na lokalitě Drahenice ve středních Čechách ve věku 41 let","authors":"Jiří Tomec, Jaromír Dostál, Ma Fulin, František Beran, Petr Novotný","doi":"10.59269/zlv/2023/4/711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59269/zlv/2023/4/711","url":null,"abstract":"The paper deals with growth and prosperity of 25 provenances of grand fir from Washington, Oregon, Idaho and Montana (USA), and from Vancouver (British Columbia, Canada) tested in the international provenance research trial No. 212 – Drahenice (Czech Republic; N49° 31‘ 10‘‘, E13° 57‘ 20‘‘, 570 m a.s.l., acidic beech site). Biometric measurements took place at the age of 41 years; qualitative features were visually assessed according to the IUFRO methodology. The best overall assessment of both production and quality shows provenance 12041 – Oyster Bay (BC). Other provenances with high growing stocks, i.e. 12005 – Bear Mountain (WA), 12038 – Clearwater (ID), 12043 – Sproat Lake (BC) and 12044 – Kaye Road (BC) showed some qualitative shortcomings (lower vitality, worse stem shape or thicker branches). The worst both in production and quality were provenances 12020 – Crescent Creek (OR) and 12011 – Clear Lake (WA). The results confirm the suitability of the current setting of the rules for the transfer of reproductive material from North America to the Czech Republic.","PeriodicalId":515466,"journal":{"name":"Zprávy lesnického výzkumu","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139384520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Indukce organogeneze a multiplikace korkovníku amurského (Phellodendron amurense Rupr.) v in vitro podmínkách 在离体条件下诱导黄檗的器官发生和繁殖

Zprávy lesnického výzkumu Pub Date : 2024-01-04 DOI: 10.59269/zlv/2023/4/706

Martina Komárková, Jiří Čáp, Pavlína Máchová

引用次数: 0

Zhodnocení růstu proveniencí borovice černé (Pinus nigra Arnold) ve středních Čechách ve věku 51 let 中波希米亚黑松（Pinus nigra Arnold）产地 51 岁时的生长评估

Zprávy lesnického výzkumu Pub Date : 2024-01-04 DOI: 10.59269/zlv/2023/4/709

Petr Novotný, Jiří Čáp, Ma Fulin, Jaromír Dostál

{"title":"Zhodnocení růstu proveniencí borovice černé (Pinus nigra Arnold) ve středních Čechách ve věku 51 let","authors":"Petr Novotný, Jiří Čáp, Ma Fulin, Jaromír Dostál","doi":"10.59269/zlv/2023/4/709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59269/zlv/2023/4/709","url":null,"abstract":"The paper contains the evaluation of 9 European black pine provenances on the research trial No. 41 – Roblín (Czech Republic) at the age of 51 years. The tested provenances originated from Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Croatia, Bulgaria, Greece, France and Slovakia. The evaluation is based on an assessment of following factors: total height, dbh, stem form, health state, defoliation, diameter of main branches, stem damage, crown density, twisted growth, stem nature pruning, cross-section, and taper. Obtained data sets were statistically analysed. The best growth both in quantitative and qualitative traits was recognised for the provenance 9 – Les Barres, Oise (France), which was excellent in height growth, health status and stem shape, and also for the Serbian provenance 2 – Crni Vrh, Titovo Užice, which excelled not only in growth rate, stem shape and health status, but also in diameter of main branches. Less suitable provenance seem to be 3 – Prušačka Rjeka, Banja Luka from Bosnia and Herzegovina (worse growth, stem nature pruning, cross-section and taper) and Croatian 5 – Južna Kandija, Osijek (worse growth, stem shape, and health). The most important for explaining the differences between provenances were the diameter at the breast height, crown density and defoliation.","PeriodicalId":515466,"journal":{"name":"Zprávy lesnického výzkumu","volume":"60 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139385945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Je modřín opadavý v Nízkém Jeseníku opravdu jesenický? Pohled molekulárních metod 低杰塞尼克地区的落叶松真的是杰塞尼克的吗？分子方法的观点

Zprávy lesnického výzkumu Pub Date : 2024-01-04 DOI: 10.59269/zlv/2023/4/708

Martin Prach, P. Bednář, Tomáš Fér

{"title":"Je modřín opadavý v Nízkém Jeseníku opravdu jesenický? Pohled molekulárních metod","authors":"Martin Prach, P. Bednář, Tomáš Fér","doi":"10.59269/zlv/2023/4/708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59269/zlv/2023/4/708","url":null,"abstract":"European larch (Larix decidua Mill.) is an important tree species commonly used in managed forests of central Europe. However, its genetic structure, post-glacial range dynamics, and consequent nativity status are poorly understood. Here we provide the first study focusing on the genetic structure of in situ larch populations in the north-eastern Czech Republic using molecular genetics. Most of the studied area is traditionally considered to be a part of the autochthonous native range of the Jeseníky lineage of larch and some of the included populations are protected as belonging to this type. We confirm a common presence of the Jeseníky type and its close evolutionary relation with larch populations from both the Carpathians and Poland. However, we also found important levels of admixture of genetic material from the Alps in all of the analyzed populations. The highest amount of Alpine admixture was found in the populations of intensively managed forests, the proportion of non-native material in the protected areas was relatively lower but still significant. Our results show the importance of populationgenetic research for practical conservation of local populations and lineages even for common species.","PeriodicalId":515466,"journal":{"name":"Zprávy lesnického výzkumu","volume":"21 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139386399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0