The Open Biochemistry Journal最新文献

{"title":"Effect of Unripe Plantain (Musa paradisiaca) and Ginger (Zingiber officinale) on Blood Glucose, Body Weight and Feed Intake of Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats.","authors":"Iroaganachi M,&nbsp;Eleazu C O,&nbsp;Okafor P N,&nbsp;Nwaohu N","doi":"10.2174/1874091X01509010001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874091X01509010001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the effect of unripe plantain (Musa paradisiaca) and ginger (Zingiber officinale) on blood glucose (BG), feed intake (FI) and weight of streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty four male albino rats were used and were divided into 4 groups of 6 rats each. Group 1 (non-diabetic) and Group 2 (diabetic) received standard rat feed; Group 3 received unripe plantain incorporated feed (810 /kg body weight) and Group 4 received unripe plantain+ginger incorporated feed (710:100 g/kg body weight). The weights and FI of the rats were measured daily throughout the experimentation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Groups 3 and 4 rats had 159.52% and 71.83% decreases in BG but 24.91% and 35.32% decreases in weights compared with groups 1 and 2 rats that had 2.09% and 22.94% increases in BG with 13.42% increase and 45.36% decrease in weights respectively. The FI of the experimental rats did not differ significantly from each other (P>0.05) at the end of experimentation. The standard rat feed contained higher amounts of Ca but lower amounts of Mg and Fe compared with the unripe plantain and unripe plantain+ginger incorporated feeds.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Combination of unripe plantain and ginger at the dose used in the management of diabetes was not very effective compared with unripe plantain alone.</p>","PeriodicalId":515405,"journal":{"name":"The Open Biochemistry Journal","volume":"9 ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2174/1874091X01509010001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33048866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GLP-1(28-36)amide, a Long Ignored Peptide Revisited.","authors":"Bilan Zhou,&nbsp;Kaige Ji,&nbsp;Anlin Peng,&nbsp;Xin Yang,&nbsp;Kun Huang","doi":"10.2174/1874091X01408010107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874091X01408010107","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), which has been extensively applied for treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), is an incretin hormone that regulates glucose homeostasis. GLP-1(28-36)amide, a C-terminal nonapeptide (FIAWLVKGRamide) of GLP-1, is a major product derived from the cleavage of GLP-1 by the neutral endopeptidase (NEP). GLP-1(28-36)amide has long been regarded as a metabolically inactive byproduct, however, recent findings reveal that GLP-1(28-36)amide plays multiple novel roles in ameliorating hepatic metabolism, protecting β cells, improving glucose disposal and inhibiting weight gain. Here, we summarize the latest progress on the effects of GLP-1(28-36)amide with a focus on its roles in regulating the Wnt and mitochondrial-mediated signaling pathways. </p>","PeriodicalId":515405,"journal":{"name":"The Open Biochemistry Journal","volume":"8 ","pages":"107-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/8b/6c/TOBIOCJ-8-107.PMC4293754.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32983295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anticipatory role of high density lipoprotein and endothelial dysfunction: an overview.","authors":"Esin Eren,&nbsp;Necat Yılmaz,&nbsp;Ozgur Aydin,&nbsp;Hamit Y Ellidağ","doi":"10.2174/1874091X01408010100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874091X01408010100","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) has been witnessed to possess a range of different functions that contribute to its atheroprotective effects. These functions are: the promotion of macrophage cholesterol efflux, reverse cholesterol transport, anti-inflammatory, anti-thrombotic, anti-apoptotic, pro-fibrinolytic and anti-oxidative functions. Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is an HDL associated enzyme esterase/homocysteinethiolactonase that contributes to the anti-oxidant and anti-atherosclerotic capabilities of HDL. PON1 is directly involved in the etiopathogenesis of atherosclerosis through the modulation of nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. The aim of this review is to summarize the role of HDL on endothelial homeostasis, and also to describe the recently characterized molecular pathways involved. </p>","PeriodicalId":515405,"journal":{"name":"The Open Biochemistry Journal","volume":"8 ","pages":"100-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/87/92/TOBIOCJ-8-100.PMC4293742.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32983383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic syndrome in preeclampsia women in gorgan.","authors":"Arash Rafeeinia,&nbsp;Afsaneh Tabandeh,&nbsp;Safoura Khajeniazi,&nbsp;Abdoljalal Marjani","doi":"10.2174/1874091X01408010094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874091X01408010094","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of study was to assess the metabolic syndrome in preeclampsia women. The study was performed on 50 women. The metabolic syndrome prevalence was 66%. Serum glucose, triglyceride and LDL-cholesterol levels significantly were increased and HDL- cholesterol level significantly was decreased in metabolic syndrome patients. These patients showed high prevalence of components of the syndrome. Our results show the importance of dyslipidemia in preeclampsia in overweight and obese women. Preeclampsia and cardiovascular disease are important problems for the health of women. It may be useful to give a treat to people with a high-normal blood pressure in early pregnancy. </p>","PeriodicalId":515405,"journal":{"name":"The Open Biochemistry Journal","volume":"8 ","pages":"94-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/83/67/TOBIOCJ-8-94.PMC4279033.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32944365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Certain Diet and Lifestyle May Contribute to Islet β-cells Protection in Type-2 Diabetes via the Modulation of Cellular PI3K/AKT Pathway.","authors":"Yasuko Kitagishi,&nbsp;Atsuko Nakanishi,&nbsp;Akari Minami,&nbsp;Yurina Asai,&nbsp;Mai Yasui,&nbsp;Akiko Iwaizako,&nbsp;Miho Suzuki,&nbsp;Yuna Ono,&nbsp;Yasunori Ogura,&nbsp;Satoru Matsuda","doi":"10.2174/1874091X01408010074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874091X01408010074","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>PI3K/AKT pathway has been shown to play a pivotal role on islet β-cell protection, enhancing β-cell survival by stimulating cell proliferation and inhibiting cell apoptosis. Accordingly, this pathway appears to be crucial in type-2 diabetes. Understanding the regulations of this pathway may provide a better efficacy of new therapeutic approaches. In this review, we summarize advances on the involvement of the PI3K/AKT pathway in hypothetical intra-cellular signaling of islet β-cells. As recent findings may show the nutritional regulation of the survival pathway in the islet β-cells through activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway, we also review studies on the features of several diets, correlated lifestyle, and its signaling pathway involved in type-2 diabetes. The molecular mechanisms contributing to the disease are the subject of considerable investigation, as a better understanding of the pathogenesis will lead to novel therapies against a condition of the disease. </p>","PeriodicalId":515405,"journal":{"name":"The Open Biochemistry Journal","volume":"8 ","pages":"74-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/97/52/TOBIOCJ-8-74.PMC4231374.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32818377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effects of β-Glucan on Pig Growth and Immunity.","authors":"Vaclav Vetvicka,&nbsp;Luca Vannucci,&nbsp;Petr Sima","doi":"10.2174/1874091X01408010089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874091X01408010089","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With increasing amounts of data showing significant immunostimulating effects of glucan, it is not surprising that attention is also focused on commercially farmed animals. Despite marked progress, development of more efficient uses of glucan in pig farming still needs substantial additional research. </p>","PeriodicalId":515405,"journal":{"name":"The Open Biochemistry Journal","volume":"8 ","pages":"89-93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2174/1874091X01408010089","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32818379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NO Metabolites Levels in Human Red Blood Cells are Affected by Palytoxin, an Inhibitor of Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase Pump.","authors":"Cristiana Carelli-Alinovi,&nbsp;Ester Tellone,&nbsp;Anna Maria Russo,&nbsp;Silvana Ficarra,&nbsp;Davide Pirolli,&nbsp;Antonio Galtieri,&nbsp;Bruno Giardina,&nbsp;Francesco Misiti","doi":"10.2174/1874091X01408010068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874091X01408010068","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Palytoxin (PTX), a marine toxin, represents an increasing hazard for human health. Despite its high toxicity for biological systems, the mechanisms triggered by PTX, are not well understood. The high affinity of PTX for erythrocyte Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase pump is largely known, and it indicates PTX as a sensitive tool to characterize the signal transducer role for Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase pump. Previously, it has been reported that in red blood cells (RBC), probably via a signal transduction generated by the formation of a PTX-Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase complex, PTX alters band 3 functions and glucose metabolism. The present study addresses the question of which other signaling pathways are regulated by Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase in RBC. Here it has been evidenced that PTX following its interaction with Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase pump, alters RBC morphology and this event is correlated to decreases by 30% in nitrites and nitrates levels, known as markers of plasma membrane eNOS activity. Orthovanadate (OV), an antagonist of PTX binding to Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase pump, was able to reverse the effects elicited by PTX. Finally, current investigation firstly suggests that Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase pump, following its interaction with PTX, triggers a signal transduction involved in NO metabolism regulation. </p>","PeriodicalId":515405,"journal":{"name":"The Open Biochemistry Journal","volume":"8 ","pages":"68-73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/21/cf/TOBIOCJ-8-68.PMC4157343.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32689650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The CCA-end of P-tRNA Contacts Both the Human RPL36AL and the A-site Bound Translation Termination Factor eRF1 at the Peptidyl Transferase Center of the Human 80S Ribosome.","authors":"Codjo Hountondji,&nbsp;Konstantin Bulygin,&nbsp;Jean-Bernard Créchet,&nbsp;Anne Woisard,&nbsp;Pierre Tuffery,&nbsp;Jun-Ichi Nakayama,&nbsp;Ludmila Frolova,&nbsp;Knud H Nierhaus,&nbsp;Galina Karpova,&nbsp;Soria Baouz","doi":"10.2174/1874091X01408010052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874091X01408010052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We have demonstrated previously that the E-site specific protein RPL36AL present in human ribosomes can be crosslinked with the CCA-end of a P-tRNA in situ. Here we report the following: (i) We modeled RPL36AL into the structure of the archaeal ortholog RPL44E extracted from the known X-ray structure of the 50S subunit of Haloarcula marismortui. Superimposing the obtained RPL36AL structure with that of P/E tRNA observed in eukaryotic 80S ribosomes suggested that RPL36AL might in addition to its CCA neighbourhood interact with the inner site of the tRNA elbow similar to an interaction pattern known from tRNA•synthetase pairs. (ii) Accordingly, we detected that the isolated recombinant protein RPL36AL can form a tight binary complex with deacylated tRNA, and even tRNA fragments truncated at their CCA end showed a high affinity in the nanomolar range supporting a strong interaction outside the CCA end. (iii) We constructed programmed 80S complexes containing the termination factor eRF1 (stop codon UAA at the A-site) and a 2',3'-dialdehyde tRNA (tRNAox) analog at the P-site. Surprisingly, we observed a crosslinked ternary complex containing the tRNA, eRF1 and RPL36AL crosslinked both to the aldehyde groups of tRNAox at the 2'- and 3'-positions of the ultimate A. We also demonstrated that, upon binding to the ribosomal A-site, eRF1 induces an alternative conformation of the ribosome and/or the tRNA, leading to a novel crosslink of tRNAox to another large-subunit ribosomal protein (namely L37) rather than to RPL36AL, both ribosomal proteins being labeled in a mutually exclusive fashion. Since the human 80S ribosome in complex with P-site bound tRNAox and A-site bound eRF1 corresponds to the post-termination state of the ribosome, the results represent the first biochemical evidence for the positioning of the CCA-arm of the P-tRNA in close proximity to both RPL36AL and eRF1 at the end of the translation process. </p>","PeriodicalId":515405,"journal":{"name":"The Open Biochemistry Journal","volume":"8 ","pages":"52-67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/be/ff/TOBIOCJ-8-52.PMC4150381.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32642039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute Phase Response: Implication in ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction.","authors":"Esin Eren,&nbsp;Hamit Yasar Ellidag,&nbsp;Akar Yılmaz,&nbsp;Ozgür Aydın,&nbsp;Necat Yılmaz","doi":"10.2174/1874091X01408010044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874091X01408010044","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We aimed to investigate the relation between serum inflammatory markers, 25OHvit-D3 and oxidative stress markers, namely paraoxonase1-arylesterase (PON1-ARE), total antioxidant status (TAS) and total oxidant status (TOS) in 30 male patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI) . There was negative correlation between tumor necrosis factor alpha and ARE; positive correlations between serum amyloid A(SAA) and oxidative stress index, SAA and TOS, 25OHvit-D3 and ARE. There was no statistically significant correlation between inflammation makers, oxidative stress markers and Gensini score. The main finding of our study was the tendency of inflammation markers, and oxidative stress markers, to change in relatively clear opposite directions in STEMI. </p>","PeriodicalId":515405,"journal":{"name":"The Open Biochemistry Journal","volume":"8 ","pages":"44-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/2e/45/TOBIOCJ-8-44.PMC4040932.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32397114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Approach to Simulate a Charge Transfer in DNA Repair by an Anacystis nidulans Photolyase.","authors":"E B Dushanov,&nbsp;Kh T Kholmurodov","doi":"10.2174/1874091X01408010035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874091X01408010035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An Anacystis nidulans photolyase enzyme containing two chromophore cofactors was simulated for a photoreaction DNA repairing process via molecular dynamics (MD) method. A novel approach has been introduced for the electron transfer between the FAD (flavin adenine dinucleotide; flavin) molecule and CPD (cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer). This approach involves four simulation stages with different charges for the FAD and CPD fragments and a role of a charged state of the active cofactor was qualified during the MD modeling. Observations show that flavin has actively participated in a charge transfer process, thereby involving the conformational changes of the DNA and CPD substrate fragment. The DNA conformation behavior has shown to correlate with the electron transfer from flavin to CPD. This is manifested on the similarities of the DNA repairing process by excision repair of the UV photoproducts. </p>","PeriodicalId":515405,"journal":{"name":"The Open Biochemistry Journal","volume":"8 ","pages":"35-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/3f/8a/TOBIOCJ-8-35.PMC3999726.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32297199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}