Travel Behaviour and Society最新文献

{"title":"A novel method to identify high emission state of CO2 and NOX based on PEMS data of gasoline passenger cars: Insight from driving behaviors","authors":"Hua Liu ,&nbsp;Tiezhu Li ,&nbsp;Haibo Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.tbs.2024.100960","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tbs.2024.100960","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to identify high emissions of CO₂ and NO_X from gasoline passenger cars based on PEMS data by introducing a concept of emission state, and investigate their correlations with driving behaviors. The clustering approach of K-means++ was employed to classify the instantaneous mass emission value and emission rate under various road types, respectively. A novel identification indicator (i.e., the ratio of change rate and growth rate of instantaneous emissions) was proposed as the basis for dividing each emission state. Subsequently, three matrices (i.e., probability matrix, value matrix, and identification matrix) were constructed to reflect relationships between emission states and emission rates under each road type. Moreover, driving scenarios of CO₂ and NO_X high emission were investigated and compared by machine learning models with SHAP explanation and ordered logistic models. The empirical results indicate that the identification indicators of CO₂ and NO_X high emissions are 2.49 g/s² and 3.66 mg/s² on the freeway, 2.98 g/s² and 2.12 mg/s² on the primary road, and 2.77 g/s² and 2.05 mg/s² on the secondary road. Within the same ranges of driving behavior parameters on the freeway, the occurrence probability of CO₂ high emission state is higher than that of relatively high emission state, while an opposite trend is observed for NO_X emissions. Interestingly, despite NO_X and CO₂ show similar emission characteristics on the primary and secondary road, the driving behaviors corresponding to high emissions of NO_X and CO₂ present significant disparities. Generally, the acceleration is the primary determinant of CO₂ high emissions, while both acceleration and deceleration are significant contributors to NO_X high emissions. The findings of this study recommend that long periods of high-speed travelling should be avoided on the freeway. Frequent and abrupt changes in acceleration and deceleration should be minimized on the primary and secondary road, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51534,"journal":{"name":"Travel Behaviour and Society","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 100960"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142663501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety still matters: Unveiling the value propositions of augmented reality head-up displays in autonomous vehicles through conjoint analysis","authors":"Choongwon Kang ,&nbsp;Chungheon Lee ,&nbsp;Xiangying Zhao ,&nbsp;Daeho Lee ,&nbsp;Jungwoo Shin ,&nbsp;Junmin Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.tbs.2024.100915","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tbs.2024.100915","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite the huge progress toward fully autonomous vehicles, current models are limited to Level 3 autonomy due to technological constraints, making driver readiness necessary for manual intervention. Head-up displays (HUDs) enhanced with augmented reality (AR) technologies are being developed to improve safety and convenience by projecting essential information onto windshields, thereby minimizing driver distraction. This study addresses the anxiety linked to the current level of autonomous driving, which requires drivers to remain vigilant, and emphasizes the crucial role of AR-HUDs in bridging the gap between autonomous and manual driving, particularly in enhancing safety and fostering driver trust. A conjoint analysis conducted with 500 drivers in South Korea was used to understand AR-HUD user preferences, focusing on safety and trust-enhancing features. The findings reveal that users prioritize functions such as obstacle recognition, emergency services, and essential driving and assistance information, indicating a willingness to invest more in these features. This suggests that users are in a transitional phase, still harboring some distrust toward autonomous vehicles, and valuing the HUD features that alleviate these concerns. This study discusses the relative importance of various HUD features in autonomous vehicles, with the aim of contributing to the development of more user-aligned AR-HUD systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51534,"journal":{"name":"Travel Behaviour and Society","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 100915"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142637451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring the relative impact of factors influencing autonomous vehicle value of travel time","authors":"Fuad Yasin Huda ,&nbsp;Graham Currie ,&nbsp;Liton Kamruzzaman","doi":"10.1016/j.tbs.2024.100958","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tbs.2024.100958","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Value of travel time (VOT) serves as a crucial metric for understanding the benefits of transport investments and policy initiatives. Despite numerous studies estimating the VOT for Autonomous Vehicles (AVs), consensus remains elusive, and the variability of the factors influencing AV VOT estimates has yet to be thoroughly explored. This study addresses these gaps through a <em>meta</em>-regression analysis of AV VOT estimates drawn from 24 published studies. 22 factors were identified, through a systematic review of the literature, likely to affect AV VOT estimates. The relative impact of each of the factors on AV VOT were estimated, controlling for the effects of other factors. Results show that eight factors have a statistically significant effect on AV VOT. Income was found to have the greatest effect on AV VOT, followed by geographical location and driver’s licence. High-income people, residents in urban areas, and people without driving licence place a higher VOT for AV travel – i.e., these groups are willing to pay more for reducing one unit of their travel time. High-income individuals are willing to pay AU$8 more per hour than low-income individuals, urban residents are willing to pay AU$6.5 more per hour than rural residents, and people without a driving licence are willing to pay AU$3.7 more per hour than those with one. Results aid future research in two ways: identifying factors that could impact the value of travel time for AVs and guiding the design of experimental setups for future AV VOT estimates. Additionally, results will help policymakers assess the benefits and costs of implementing AV-related policies in different contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51534,"journal":{"name":"Travel Behaviour and Society","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 100958"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142637377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the nexus between risk perception, driving tasks perception, and road safety attitudes among oil and gas tanker drivers","authors":"Aliyu Mustapha ,&nbsp;Mazli Mustapha ,&nbsp;Noorhayati Saad ,&nbsp;Ahmad Majdi Abdul-Rani","doi":"10.1016/j.tbs.2024.100959","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tbs.2024.100959","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Road accidents globally have an 18 % fatality rate per 100,000 population, with significant regional variations, particularly affecting Africa. The increasing frequency of oil and gas tanker accidents in Nigeria exemplifies this trend, highlighting the need to explore the relationship between risk perception, driving task perception, and road safety attitudes among Nigerian oil and gas tanker drivers. This study utilised a sample of 375 drivers, with 311 valid questionnaires analysed, reflecting consistent and comprehensive responses. Exploratory factor analysis identified three key factors, with factor loadings ranging from 0.580 to 0.915. In contrast, while confirmatory factor analysis validated these constructs χ²/df = 1.285, CFI = 0.996, TLI = 0.971, NFI = 0.984, GFI = 0.995, AGFI = 0.949, RMSEA = 0.048, and SRMR = 0.040. Structural equation modelling further assessed the relationships between drivers’ risk perception, driving task perception, and road safety attitudes, revealing a positive correlation between Risk Perception and Road Safety Attitude (β = 0.611, p &lt; 0.05). There is a positive correlation between Risk Perception and Road Safety Attitude (β = 0.611, p &lt; 0.05) and a positive correlation between Non-Driving Activities impacting road safety (β = 0.145, p &lt; 0.05). The study found that mid-career drivers, particularly those with limited educational backgrounds, demonstrated specific attitudes and behaviours related to road safety. These findings underscore the need for targeted interventions that address risk perception and driving tasks to improve safety attitudes. Recommendations include tailored training programs for different age groups and experience levels, awareness campaigns to enhance adherence to traffic rules, and continuous monitoring of risk perception and road conditions to facilitate adaptive safety interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51534,"journal":{"name":"Travel Behaviour and Society","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 100959"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142637366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling mode choice behavior of postsecondary students in large metropolitan area: A dynamic tour-based approach","authors":"Nishat Naila Meghna,&nbsp;Md Sami Hasnine","doi":"10.1016/j.tbs.2024.100944","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tbs.2024.100944","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper focuses on the tour-based mode choice pattern of the post-secondary students of the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area (GTHA). The data for this study was collected from a detailed online-based survey in the GTHA. Based on the survey data, the mode choice model for two-trip tours and three-trip tours is estimated using a dynamic discrete choice modeling approach. The model results capture the complicated travel behavior of the students of this area, and it is seen that travel time, distance, cost, and personal preferences influence a student to make the decision as to which tour-mode combination they would choose for different types of tours. International students are seen to choose transit more over driving. Students going to urban institutions are flexible in taking both driving and transit, and it is similar for part-time students too. Female students have mode choice preferences based on their age range. Female students who are comparatively younger are flexible in taking transit, whereas relatively aged female students prefer driving more. Policy scenario analysis reveals an interesting trend in mode choice preference. In any unavoidable situation, students’ preference changes from taking transit to driving if travel distance increases but an increment in travel time makes them shift toward taking transit instead of driving.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51534,"journal":{"name":"Travel Behaviour and Society","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 100944"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142637378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Studying transfers in informal transport networks using volunteered GPS data","authors":"Genevivie Ankunda,&nbsp;Christo Venter","doi":"10.1016/j.tbs.2024.100936","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tbs.2024.100936","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Multimodal integration is an important issue in public transport systems due to its influence on both passenger experience and overall network efficiency. In most countries in the global South, achieving integration is particularly problematic because of the informal nature of most public transport. Decentralised service planning and demand responsiveness lead to often uncoordinated, highly variable service patterns, which are not optimised from a passenger perspective. Efforts to promote integration are also hampered by a lack of planning data on routes, service frequencies, and transfer locations. This research asks whether GPS data supplied by passengers as they move through the network can be used to help form a better understanding of the extent and quality of the transfer experience. The data was collected in the City of Tshwane, South Africa, among informal minibus-taxi passengers. Post-processing involved the use of a machine learning algorithm to identify in-vehicle, wait and walk segments, which were used to identify transfers between one vehicle and another. The results showed that many transfers are spatially efficient with short walk and wait times, but that a minority of transferring passengers may experience very long transfers. Transfers encompass a diverse range of behaviours including pacing, shopping and browsing, and typically involve much more walking than waiting. Transfers also occur across a wide range of locations, but tend to be concentrated in certain nodes and along street segments. Strategies to improve transfer facilities as well as general walkability might be targeted at such locations. The study demonstrated that volunteered GPS data is a promising source of information to help planners understand the transfer experience in multimodal networks in data-poor environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51534,"journal":{"name":"Travel Behaviour and Society","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 100936"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142637380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interdependencies among changes in residence, occupation, and car ownership − A life course approach","authors":"Xuemei Fu","doi":"10.1016/j.tbs.2024.100942","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tbs.2024.100942","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Given the dynamic nature of human behavioral decisions over time, a life course approach is adopted to understand the interdependencies among key events in different life domains including residence, occupation, and car ownership. Based on a combination of binomial logit and decision tree, intertwined relationships for all three domains have been confirmed with respect to a quasi-longitudinal dataset. The interactions among inter-domain changes are demonstrated to be complicated, with leading, lagged, and concurrent effects all observed. Residential relocation and car-purchasing behaviors are likely to be performed within the same period, reflecting a concurrent effect, while there is a temporal sequence between major changes in residence and occupation, as well as in occupation and car ownership. The intra-domain continuity investigation by examining the roles played by past experience and future expectation primarily reflects an inhibiting effect on current behavior, indicating people’s inclination for stability. Empirically, identification about these interdependencies enables a better understanding of people’s reactions to changes in personal and family life. The findings are expected to be valuable for policies aiming at integrated urban land-use planning and travel behavior change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51534,"journal":{"name":"Travel Behaviour and Society","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 100942"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142637379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Latent class approach to classify e-scooter non-users: A comparative study of Helsinki and Tokyo","authors":"Samira Dibaj ,&nbsp;Hizaki Keiichi ,&nbsp;Rie Goto ,&nbsp;Ayako Taniguchi ,&nbsp;Miloš N. Mladenović","doi":"10.1016/j.tbs.2024.100941","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tbs.2024.100941","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent years have seen a rapid deployment of shared electric scooters (e-scooters), across hundreds of cities worldwide. Despite the global diffusion, most urban residents are still not using e-scooters, and they often bear the negative consequences of e- scooter deployment. This comparative study investigates the attitudes and characteristics of the e-scooter non-users in Helsinki, Finland and Tokyo, Japan using latent class clustering analysis. Our findings reveal five classes of e-scooter non-users, ranging from very negative perspectives to the least negative perspectives towards e-scooter deployment. Non-users also have a diverse set of socio-demographics background, including variation across age, gender, and income. In addition, non-users mostly do not feel the necessity of using an e-scooter as well as lack competences and have safety concerns. Safety concerns are dominant among those with more negative perceptions, while classes with the least negative perceptions and low income tend to not use e-scooters due to high rental costs. Understanding the different categories and perspectives of non-users, alongside with understanding users, has clear smart mobility policy and management implications. On the one hand, it should help with understanding the effectiveness of different interventions stemming from e-scooter operators and public policy actors. On the other hand, this study’s findings contribute to understanding public acceptability of e-scooter technology and associated policy and management actions. The study also opens further pathways for both comparative studies and for understanding different groups of users and non-users of smart mobility technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51534,"journal":{"name":"Travel Behaviour and Society","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 100941"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142586851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Q_EDQ: Efficient path planning in multimodal travel scenarios based on reinforcement learning","authors":"JianQiang Yan ,&nbsp;Yinxiang Li ,&nbsp;Yuan Gao ,&nbsp;BoTing Qu ,&nbsp;Jing Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.tbs.2024.100943","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tbs.2024.100943","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recently, Mobility as a Service (MaaS) has garnered increasing attention by integrating various modes of transportation to provide users with a unified travel solution. However, In multimodal transportation planning, we primarily face three challenges: Firstly, a multimodal travel network is constructed that covers multiple travel modes and is highly scalable. Secondly, the routing algorithm fully considers the dynamic and real-time nature of the multimodal travel process. Finally, a generalized travel cost objective function is constructed that considers the psychological burden of transfers on passengers in multimodal travel scenarios. In this study, we firstly constructed an integrated multimodal transport network based on graph theory, which covers four transport modes, namely, the metro, the bus, the car-sharing and the walking. Subsequently, by introducing a double-Q learning mechanism and an optimized dynamic exploration strategy, we propose a new algorithm, Q_EDQ, the algorithm aims to learn the globally optimal path as efficiently as possible, with faster convergence speed and improved stability. Experiments utilizing real bus and metro data from Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, were conducted to compare the Q_EDQ algorithm with traditional genetic algorithms. In the conducted four experiments, compared to the optimal paths planned by traditional genetic algorithms, the improved Q-algorithm achieved a minimum efficiency increase of 12.52% and a maximum of 35%. These results demonstrate the enhanced capability of the improved Q-algorithm to learn globally optimal paths in complex multimodal transportation networks. Compared to the classical Q algorithm, the algorithmic model in this study shows an average performance improvement of 10% to 30% in global optimal path search, as well as convergence performance including loss and reward values.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51534,"journal":{"name":"Travel Behaviour and Society","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 100943"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142586982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of emotions of online car-hailing drivers under different driving conditions and scenarios","authors":"Yongfeng Ma ,&nbsp;Yaqian Xing ,&nbsp;Ying Wu ,&nbsp;Shuyan Chen ,&nbsp;Fengxiang Qiao ,&nbsp;Xiaojian Hu ,&nbsp;Jian Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.tbs.2024.100937","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tbs.2024.100937","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Emotion is an important factor that affects driving behavior, and thus, drivers’ emotions are closely related to overall traffic safety. We investigated the emotional expressions of online car-hailing drivers under two driving conditions: with passenger(s) and without passenger(s). We recruited 16 male car-hailing drivers and collected a total of 91.5 h of data using non-contact equipment. We employed FaceReader 8.0 software to analyze the collected video data and extract the drivers’ facial expression information, thereby identifying six emotions expressed by the drivers. We then compared the frequency of the occurrence of the six emotions between the two conditions. The frequency rates indicate that the drivers exhibited more emotions when no passengers were in the vehicle. The chi-square test results indicate significant differences in the drivers’ emotions under the two conditions. For example, happiness is related to chatting with passengers. Also, the drivers exhibited more aggressive driving behavior during trips without passengers, and such behavior often was accompanied by negative emotions, such as anger. We also investigated drivers’ emotions under three scenarios that often occur while online car-hailing drivers are working: driver distractions, passenger interaction, and the traffic environment. The understanding of drivers’ emotions and the relationships between those emotions and scenarios that take place under different driving conditions can facilitate the identification of drivers’ intentions and provide guidance for the development of safe driving assistance warning systems. Dangerous driving behavior can be reduced through intervention and the monitoring of drivers’ emotions for the enhanced overall safety of roadway travel.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51534,"journal":{"name":"Travel Behaviour and Society","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100937"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142571605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}