American Journal of Criminal Justice最新文献_第4页

A Social Network Analysis of Chronic Violent Offenders 对长期暴力犯罪者的社会网络分析

IF 1.8 2区社会学

American Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2024-06-03 DOI: 10.1007/s12103-024-09768-6

Davis Shelfer, Yan Zhang

引用次数: 0

Adolescent Weapon Carrying Inside and Outside of School: The Impact of Experiences and Perceptions of Violence 青少年在校内外携带武器：暴力经历和观念的影响

IF 1.8 2区社会学

American Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2024-05-08 DOI: 10.1007/s12103-024-09763-x

Timothy McCuddy, Austin Wyatt, Stephen Watts

{"title":"Adolescent Weapon Carrying Inside and Outside of School: The Impact of Experiences and Perceptions of Violence","authors":"Timothy McCuddy, Austin Wyatt, Stephen Watts","doi":"10.1007/s12103-024-09763-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12103-024-09763-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study examined factors that distinguish adolescent weapon carrying in school compared to only in the community. We look at how experiences (offending, victimization, and gang-involvement) and perceptions (school, neighborhood, individual) toward violence are associated with self-reported weapon carrying in these two locations. Data came from two waves of the University of Missouri – St. Louis Comprehensive School Safety Initiative, a longitudinal study on the causes and consequences of school violence. Multinomial logistic regression was used to predict weapon carrying among three mutually exclusive categories: those who do not carry, those who carry only in the community, and those who carry both in school and in the community. We find that victim/offenders are more likely to carry weapons regardless of context, but school weapon carrying is positively associated with fatalism and gang-involvement. One school factor, school commitment, impacted carrying both inside and outside of school. Our results identify unique factors that can reduce adolescent weapon carrying in general and specifically in school.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51509,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"49 5","pages":"678 - 699"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12103-024-09763-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141000656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Does Measurement Matter? Examining the Impact of Outcome Measurement Variation On the Rates and Predictors of Juvenile Recidivism 衡量是否重要？研究结果测量差异对青少年累犯率和预测因素的影响

IF 1.8 2区社会学

American Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2024-05-04 DOI: 10.1007/s12103-024-09767-7

Sonja E. Siennick, Jhon A. Pupo, William M. Casey, Dequan J. Cowell, Brian J. Stults

{"title":"Does Measurement Matter? Examining the Impact of Outcome Measurement Variation On the Rates and Predictors of Juvenile Recidivism","authors":"Sonja E. Siennick, Jhon A. Pupo, William M. Casey, Dequan J. Cowell, Brian J. Stults","doi":"10.1007/s12103-024-09767-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12103-024-09767-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Concerns have been raised that cross-agency differences in the definition and measurement of juvenile recidivism may hamper the generalizability of knowledge and comparisons across jurisdictions. However, it is unclear whether measurement choices do impact the conclusions of studies of juvenile recidivism. This study examined whether the rates and the demographic, risk, and contextual predictors of juvenile recidivism varied by the operationalization of recidivism. The sample included 14,537 terms of probation of youths who completed probation in Florida between 2012 and 2016. Recidivism rates differed depending on the type of system contact and the follow-up length. Rates were comparable when adult system data were and were not included. Three-level multivariate multilevel models showed that the predictors were more strongly associated with commitment than with referral or adjudication. The directions and significance of the predictors’ effects were consistent across types of system contact, follow-up lengths, and data sources. Researchers should use varied measurement strategies, clearly describe their approach, and test for robustness across measures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51509,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"49 5","pages":"653 - 677"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141013413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Compounding Effect: How Co-Offending Exacerbates the Harm Caused by Violent Offenders 复合效应：共同犯罪如何加剧暴力罪犯造成的伤害

IF 1.8 2区社会学

American Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2024-05-02 DOI: 10.1007/s12103-024-09765-9

Emily Piper, Barak Ariel, Vincent Harinam, Matthew Bland

引用次数: 0

Attrition from Jail Reentry Program Increases Recidivism 监狱重返社会计划的减员增加了累犯率

IF 1.8 2区社会学

American Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2024-04-26 DOI: 10.1007/s12103-024-09764-w

Kevin Anderson, William Medendorp

{"title":"Attrition from Jail Reentry Program Increases Recidivism","authors":"Kevin Anderson, William Medendorp","doi":"10.1007/s12103-024-09764-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12103-024-09764-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Reentry programs represent an increasingly popular method to reduce recidivism for individuals exiting prison and jail systems throughout the United States. Most evaluations tend to focus on recidivism as the primary outcome of interest. Attrition, however, can function an important supplementary measure that complements recidivism outcomes. To demonstrate, we analyze a jail reentry program built around peer navigators serving as staff members that refer participants to necessary support services while also serving as a mentor to participants exiting jail. We use a combination of general linear models (GLMs), Mahalanobis distance matching (MDM), and panel regression to both predict attrition and compare recidivism outcomes between three attrition groups: program completers, program quitters, and matched controls. Participants that successfully completed the program did not avoid new convictions or reincarceration significantly more or less than matched controls. Participants that quit the program, however, saw significantly higher conviction and reincarceration rates compared to matched controls. The nuance added to our program evaluation by adding attrition as a differential factor is worth consideration by other reentry programs who may not be realizing the full picture of their results by presenting recidivism outcomes alone.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51509,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"49 5","pages":"634 - 652"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12103-024-09764-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142413647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

SAVRY Predictive Validity of Mississippi Justice-Involved Youth Recidivism: A Latent Variable Approach SAVRY 密西西比州涉法青少年累犯的预测效力：潜变量方法

IF 1.8 2区社会学

American Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2024-04-26 DOI: 10.1007/s12103-024-09766-8

Richard Dembo, Sheena K. Gardner, Angela A. Robertson, Jennifer Wareham, James Schmeidler

引用次数: 0

Is Boomtown Growth Associated with Crime in Suburban Areas?: Examining the Importance of Rapid Population Growth and Neighborhood Change for Crime in Frisco, Texas 繁荣城市的发展是否与郊区的犯罪有关？研究得克萨斯州弗里斯科人口快速增长和邻里变化对犯罪的影响

IF 1.8 2区社会学

American Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2024-04-22 DOI: 10.1007/s12103-024-09762-y

Michael S. Barton, Joy Ngelor Watchese Njeh, Jennifer LaRose

{"title":"Is Boomtown Growth Associated with Crime in Suburban Areas?: Examining the Importance of Rapid Population Growth and Neighborhood Change for Crime in Frisco, Texas","authors":"Michael S. Barton, Joy Ngelor Watchese Njeh, Jennifer LaRose","doi":"10.1007/s12103-024-09762-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12103-024-09762-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A substantial body of research has documented the consequences of rapid population growth for crime, but most of this literature focused on population growth in major cities during the first half of the twentieth century or on boomtown growth in rural areas since the 1970s. The findings of both literatures helped to identify important correlates and consequences of rapid population growth, but neither body of research engages with suburban areas in which approximately half of the United States population currently live. The current study examines the relationship of rapid population growth with levels of violent and property crime in one of the fastest growing suburban areas in the United States, Frisco Texas. The results indicate rapid population growth was not associated with changes in crime at the city level, but neighborhood level analyses suggest crime may became more concentrated in certain areas. Longitudinal regression analyses also reveal that many commonly assessed correlates of crime may operate differently in suburban areas than do in urban areas.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51509,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"49 4","pages":"508 - 530"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140676244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mitigation for a Murderer 为杀人犯减刑

IF 1.8 2区社会学

American Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2024-03-15 DOI: 10.1007/s12103-024-09761-z

Craig J. Forsyth

引用次数: 0

The Deleterious Health Consequences of COVID in United States Prisons 美国监狱中 COVID 的有害健康后果

IF 1.8 2区社会学

American Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2024-03-05 DOI: 10.1007/s12103-024-09758-8

Xiaohan Mei, Melissa A. Kowalski, Leah Reddy, Ciara McGlynn, Mary K. Stohr, Craig Hemmens, Jiayu Li

{"title":"The Deleterious Health Consequences of COVID in United States Prisons","authors":"Xiaohan Mei, Melissa A. Kowalski, Leah Reddy, Ciara McGlynn, Mary K. Stohr, Craig Hemmens, Jiayu Li","doi":"10.1007/s12103-024-09758-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12103-024-09758-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>By January 2024, the COVID-19 pandemic claimed more than 1.1 million deaths in the United States (U.S.). People in prison are particularly vulnerable to COVID-19 as they have no ability to socially distance, secure masks, disinfect their environment or have as much access to tests or vaccinations as is available in the community. In addition, many of these individuals reside in crowded conditions with little ventilation, which makes the spread of the virus more likely. In this paper, we used data from two projects, including the UCLA Law COVID Behind Bars Data Project and the COVID Prison Project, and supplemented these with publicly available data to examine the number of deaths and infection rates caused by COVID-19 among people in prison and prison staff in the U.S., as reported by the population of those facilities. We found that the incidence of infections and death rates in prisons were affected by crowding, prison security type (maximum, medium, minimum, or mixed) and level of prison (state or federal). People in prison who were less likely to have as much human contact (e.g., maximum-security prisons) were also less likely to be afflicted with COVID-19. People in prison were twice as likely to be infected by COVID-19 but had a similar death rate compared to the general public. Prison overcrowding increased the infection rate. The most effective state health policy was to quarantine people who had close contact with confirmed, positive cases. Further, state prisons demonstrated a higher death rate compared to federal prisons. Greater efforts to ameliorate COVID-19 and similar pathogens should be directed at state prisons with lower-level security and prisons with closer contact with the community. Quarantining close-contacts and restricting movements were the most effective state-level responses to reduce infections in prisons during April 2020 to April 2022.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51509,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"49 3","pages":"435 - 461"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140079121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Veterans Treatment Courts during the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Examination of Adaptations and Best Practices for Continuing Operation COVID-19 大流行期间的退伍军人治疗法院：对持续运作的适应性和最佳做法的研究

IF 1.8 2区社会学

American Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2024-02-29 DOI: 10.1007/s12103-024-09760-0

Caroline I. Jalain, Melissa J. Stacer

引用次数: 0