The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences最新文献

{"title":"Hysterectomy and Hormonal Dysregulation in Functional Neurological Disorder: A Comment on Stone et al., 2020.","authors":"Timothy L van Dijl, Diederik Smit, Arjan C Videler, Willem J Kop","doi":"10.1176/appi.neuropsych.21090236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.neuropsych.21090236","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":514751,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"276-277"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40597069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primary CNS Lymphoma and Secondary Causes of Mania: A Case Report and Literature Review.","authors":"Chris Wang, David C Fipps","doi":"10.1176/appi.neuropsych.21030084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.neuropsych.21030084","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":514751,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"84-88"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39450104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Von Economo Neuron Involvement in Social Cognitive and Emotional Impairments in Neuropsychiatric Disorders.","authors":"Wilfredo López-Ojeda, Robin A Hurley","doi":"10.1176/appi.neuropsych.20220136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.neuropsych.20220136","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":514751,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"302-306"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33510684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Cognitive Impairment in Patients With Bilateral Capsular Genu Lesions.","authors":"Emre Kumral,&nbsp;Fatma Ece Çetin,&nbsp;Hüseyin Nezih Özdemir,&nbsp;Seyda Cankaya,&nbsp;Wolf-Rüdiger Schäbitz,&nbsp;Burak Yulug","doi":"10.1176/appi.neuropsych.21030086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.neuropsych.21030086","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The authors investigated for presence of cognitive impairment after occurrence of bilateral lesions of the genu of the internal capsule (GIC). Clinical and neuropsychological features of unilateral GIC lesions have previously been studied, but the cognitive profile of bilateral lesions of the GIC has not been fully explored.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An investigation was conducted of neurocognitive deficits and computerized tomography MRI findings among 4,200 stroke patients with bilateral GIC involvement who were admitted to the hospital between January 2010 and October 2018.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eight patients with bilateral lesions of the capsular genu were identified and their data analyzed. Overall, behavioral and cognitive dysfunction were characterized by impairment of frontal, memory, and executive functions. Attention and abstraction were present among all eight patients (100%); apathy, abulia, and executive dysfunctions, among seven (87.5%); global mental dysfunction and planning deficits, among six (75.0%); short-term verbal memory deficits and language dysfunctions, among five (62.5%); long-term verbal memory deficits, among four (50.0%); and spatial memory deficits, reading, writing, counting dysfunctions, and anarthria, among two (25.0%). Four of the patients (50.0%) without a history of cognitive disorder showed severe mental deterioration compatible with the clinical picture of dementia. A clinical picture of dementia was still present in these patients 6 months after stroke.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Bilateral lesions of the capsular genu appearing either simultaneously or at different times were significantly associated with executive dysfunctions.</p>","PeriodicalId":514751,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"261-267"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39942930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Auditory Hallucinations Associated With an Arteriovenous Malformation of the Brain.","authors":"Eric Andrew Nelson,&nbsp;Dina Ghosh,&nbsp;Dan Michael Pineda,&nbsp;Daniel Antoniello","doi":"10.1176/appi.neuropsych.20120306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.neuropsych.20120306","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":514751,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"89-92"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39450103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Possible Role of Parvalbumin Interneurons in Meditation and Psychiatric Illness.","authors":"Srinagesh Mannekote Thippaiah,&nbsp;Basant Pradhan,&nbsp;Emanuel Voyiaziakis,&nbsp;Rashika Shetty,&nbsp;Sloka Iyengar,&nbsp;Carol Olson,&nbsp;Yi-Yuan Tang","doi":"10.1176/appi.neuropsych.21050136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.neuropsych.21050136","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Parvalbumin (PV) interneurons are present in multiple brain regions and produce complex influences on brain functioning. An increasing number of research findings indicate that the function of these interneurons is more complex than solely to inhibit pyramidal neurons in the cortex. They generate feedback and feedforward inhibition of cortical neurons, and they are critically involved in the generation of neuronal network oscillation. These oscillations, generated by various brain regions, are linked to perceptions, thought processes, and cognitive functions, all of which, in turn, influence human emotions and behavior. Both animal and human studies consistently have found that meditation practice results in enhancement in the effects of alpha-, theta-, and gamma-frequency oscillations, which may correspond to positive changes in cognition, emotion, conscious awareness, and, subsequently, behavior. Although the study of meditation has moved into mainstream neuroscience research, the link between PV interneurons and any role they might play in meditative states remains elusive. This article is focused primarily on gamma-frequency oscillation, which is generated by PV interneurons, to develop insight and perspective into the role of PV interneurons in meditation. This article also points to new and emerging directions that address whether this role of PV interneurons in meditation extends to a beneficial, and potentially therapeutic, role in the treatment of common psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia.</p>","PeriodicalId":514751,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"113-123"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39942932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to van Dijl et al.","authors":"Jon Stone","doi":"10.1176/appi.neuropsych.21090236r","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.neuropsych.21090236r","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":514751,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"277"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40597070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Embedded Psychiatric Services in a Multidisciplinary Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Clinic: An Assessment of Patient Needs and Perceptions.","authors":"Morgan Hardy,&nbsp;Caitlin Castle,&nbsp;Carlayne Jackson","doi":"10.1176/appi.neuropsych.21040092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.neuropsych.21040092","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is often associated with a range of difficult neuropsychiatric symptoms and conditions, including depression, apathy, pseudobulbar affect, and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Despite the potential role for psychiatrists in the treatment of ALS, they are not typically involved in the ALS clinical team. The investigators describe a quality improvement intervention providing embedded psychiatric services within a multidisciplinary clinic (MDC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A psychiatrist working within an ALS MDC evaluated patients (N=116) over a 1-year period. The clinic assessed the prevalence of neuropsychiatric symptoms and conditions in patients with ALS (depression, anxiety, pseudobulbar affect, and cognitive impairment, including FTD) using standardized screening methods. Fifty-five patients and 47 family members completed surveys about perceptions of their need for psychiatric care, their experience of meeting with a psychiatrist, and their desire for future access to psychiatric care.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Prevalence rates for neuropsychiatric symptoms were 14.9% for depression, 11.3% for anxiety, 19% for cognitive impairment (including FTD, 8.6%), and 36.2% for pseudobulbar affect; 62.0% of patients were being prescribed at least one psychotropic medication. Both patients and family members reported that meeting with a psychiatrist was helpful, that the treatment provided was helpful, and that they would prefer continued availability of psychiatric services in the future. The presence of cognitive impairment and use of antidepressants increased the likelihood of patients reporting a benefit from psychiatric care.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patients with ALS report a benefit from increased access to psychiatric services. The inclusion of a psychiatrist within the ALS MDC model should be considered to improve quality of care for this patient population.</p>","PeriodicalId":514751,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"53-59"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39879247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Migraine Comorbidity and Psychiatric Symptoms Among People With Newly Diagnosed Focal Epilepsy.","authors":"Olivia Begasse De Dhaem,&nbsp;Sandra India Aldana,&nbsp;Andres Miguel Kanner,&nbsp;Michael Sperling,&nbsp;Jacqueline French,&nbsp;Siddhartha S Nadkarni,&nbsp;Omotola A Hope,&nbsp;Terry O'Brien,&nbsp;Chris Morrison,&nbsp;Melodie Winawer,&nbsp;Mia T Minen","doi":"10.1176/appi.neuropsych.21050124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.neuropsych.21050124","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Little is known about psychiatric symptoms among patients with migraine and newly diagnosed focal epilepsy. The investigators compared symptoms of depression, anxiety, and suicidality among people with newly diagnosed focal epilepsy with migraine versus without migraine.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Human Epilepsy Project is a prospective multicenter study of patients with newly diagnosed focal epilepsy. Depression (measured with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale), anxiety (measured with the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale), and suicidality scores (measured with the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale [C-SSRS]) were compared between participants with versus without migraine. Data analysis was performed with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for normality assessment, the Mann-Whitney U test, chi-square test, and linear regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 349 patients with new-onset focal epilepsy, 74 (21.2%) had migraine. There were no differences between the patients without migraine versus those with migraine in terms of age, race, and level of education. There were more women in the group with migraine than in the group without migraine (75.7% vs. 55.6%, p=0.0018). The patients with epilepsy and comorbid migraine had more depressive symptoms than the patients with epilepsy without migraine (35.2% vs. 22.7%, p=0.031). Patients with epilepsy with comorbid migraine had more anxiety symptoms than patients with epilepsy without migraine, but this relation was mediated by age in logistic regression, with younger age being associated with anxiety. Comorbid migraine was not associated with C-SSRS ideation or behavior.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Among a sample of patients with newly diagnosed focal epilepsy, 21.2% had migraine. Migraine comorbidity was associated with higher incidence of depressive symptoms. Future studies should be performed to better assess these relationships and possible treatment implications.</p>","PeriodicalId":514751,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"182-187"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39881120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Possible Contribution of Altered Cholinergic Activity in the Visual Cortex in Visual Hallucinations in Parkinson's Disease.","authors":"Lindsey Sinclair, Jake Brenton, Alan King Lun Liu, Rob MacLachlan, Steve M Gentleman, Seth Love","doi":"10.1176/appi.neuropsych.21040103","DOIUrl":"10.1176/appi.neuropsych.21040103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Up to one-third of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) experience visual hallucinations (VHs). Lewy bodies are sparse in the visual cortices and seem unlikely to explain the hallucinations. Some neuroimaging studies have found that perfusion is reduced in the occipital lobe in individuals with VHs. Recent work has suggested that decreased cholinergic input may directly lead to the decreased perfusion. The investigators hypothesized that individuals with PD and VHs would have biochemical evidence of reduced microvascular perfusion and reduced cholinergic activity in areas of the brain that process visual images.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Tissue from Brodmann's area (BA) 18 and BA 19 was obtained from a well-characterized cohort matched for age, gender, and postmortem interval in 69 individuals (PD without VHs, N=11; PD without dementia plus VHs N=10, N=10; PD with dementia plus VHs, N=16; and control subjects, N=32). Von Willebrand factor, vascular endothelial growth factor A, and myelin-associated glycoprotein:proteolipid protein-1 (MAG:PLP1) ratio-a measure of tissue oxygenation relative to metabolic demand, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), choline acetyltransferase, and α-synuclein-were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The primary outcome was the MAG:PLP1 ratio.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was no biochemical evidence of chronic hypoperfusion in PD, although microvessel density was decreased in ventral BA 18 and BA 19. There was no between-group difference in BChE in either dorsal BA 18 or BA 19. AChE concentration was reduced in individuals with PD compared with control subjects in dorsal and ventral BA 18 and dorsal BA 19, and it was increased in ventral BA 19. These changes were most marked in the PD plus VHs group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results suggest that changes in cholinergic activity rather than chronic hypoperfusion may underlie VHs in PD.</p>","PeriodicalId":514751,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"168-176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39881121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}