{"title":"Multidimensional measures of quality of life: A comparison of methods using U.S. county-level data","authors":"Yang Cheng , Tessa Conroy , Steven C. Deller","doi":"10.1016/j.pirs.2025.100129","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pirs.2025.100129","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There are numerous measures of place-based quality of life, accompanied by ongoing debate over which factors should be included. Past studies have predominately relied on aspatial, subjectively weighted combinations of different place-based characteristics. Little attention has been given to the rigor and appropriateness of the methodologies used to develop these measures. In this study we conduct a sensitivity analysis of methodological choices in the construction of quality of life indices using U.S. county-level data. We evaluate six different methods for developing a composite index, comparing Geographically Weighted Principal Component Analysis (GWPCA), Spatial Principal Component Analysis (SPCA), and Spatial Bayesian Factor Analysis (SBFA) with their aspatial counterparts. Our evaluation is twofold: conceptually, by examining underlying assumptions of each method, and practically, by assessing the consistency of results. We compare U.S. county-level quality of life ranking across methods and levels of rurality. While quality of life measures are generally highly correlated across methods, we find that the choice of spatial method does affect the rankings of individual counties. Notably, the most urban and most rural counties exhibit the greatest sensitivity to methodological choice. These findings underscore the importance of sensitivity analysis, particularly in urban and rural contexts, to better understand and account for the complex and spatially varying factors shaping quality of life.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51458,"journal":{"name":"Papers in Regional Science","volume":"105 1","pages":"Article 100129"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145625403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Migration and local innovation: Evidence from fine-grained data from OECD countries","authors":"Gabriel Chaves Bosch , Cem Özgüzel","doi":"10.1016/j.pirs.2025.100131","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pirs.2025.100131","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Does the presence of migrants influence innovation at the local level? This paper answers this question using novel data containing fine-grained information on the migrant population and geo-coded data on patent locations for a large set of 19 OECD countries over the 1990–2014 period. We find that a one percentage point increase in the local migrant share increases patent applications by 2.5%. This effect is driven by more urbanised and economically developed localities, where innovation levels are already higher to begin with. However, this impact becomes insignificant when aggregating observations at larger geographical levels, suggesting that the effect of migration on innovation is concentrated in space and features high rates of spatial decay.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51458,"journal":{"name":"Papers in Regional Science","volume":"105 1","pages":"Article 100131"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145694495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kamila Borsekova , Samuel Korony , Andrés Rodríguez-Pose , Michal Styk , Hans Westlund
{"title":"Decoding regional dynamics: Institutions, innovation, and regional development in the EU","authors":"Kamila Borsekova , Samuel Korony , Andrés Rodríguez-Pose , Michal Styk , Hans Westlund","doi":"10.1016/j.pirs.2025.100133","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pirs.2025.100133","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The importance of institutions and innovation for regional development is well established. How these two factors interact under different historical legacies and urban-regional contexts remains, however, insufficiently understood. This paper identifies which combinations of institutional and innovation indicators most effectively classify regions into distinct developmental archetypes, revealing critical thresholds that redirect regional trajectories. Employing decision-tree analysis on 233 EU NUTS-2 regions, we analyse 15 indicators spanning institutional quality, technological readiness, business sophistication, and innovation. This methodology uncovers non-linear relationships that traditional approaches cannot capture. The findings demonstrate that institutional quality acts as a necessary condition for innovation-led growth. High-performing regions, predominantly in Western and Northern Europe, benefit from robust institutions and strong innovation outputs. Many lower-performing regions, particularly in Central and Eastern Europe, exhibit innovation potential but are constrained by governance deficits. By integrating institutional and innovation indicators within a single analytical framework, we underscore how addressing governance and innovation in tandem can result in balanced and sustainable growth across Europe.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51458,"journal":{"name":"Papers in Regional Science","volume":"105 1","pages":"Article 100133"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145884476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The role of spatial structures in shaping regional economic resilience: Evidence from OECD regions based on urban core configurations","authors":"Seulki Kim , Euijune Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.pirs.2025.100116","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pirs.2025.100116","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The evolution toward more interconnected urban networks underscores the significance of spatial configuration in regional resilience. This study leverages the 2008 global financial crisis as a quasi-experimental context to examine how spatial structures shape the economic resilience of OECD regions to recessionary shocks. The results reveal that regions with cores exhibit higher resilience than those without. Among core regions, single-core regions outperform non-core regions, while multi-core regions demonstrate even stronger resilience. Notably, clustered-core regions—where multiple urban centers are spatially proximate—further enhance resilience by leveraging synergy effects through spatial interactions with neighboring resilient regions. Additionally, patterns of industrial diversity underscore the complementary yet asymmetric roles of related and unrelated variety. Unrelated variety drives substantial resilience gains by promoting structural independence, whereas related variety offers steady but moderate support by fostering sectoral interconnectedness and knowledge diffusion. These findings highlight that spatial integration beyond administrative boundaries can effectively foster cross-regional synergies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51458,"journal":{"name":"Papers in Regional Science","volume":"104 6","pages":"Article 100116"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145100068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Club convergence in innovation activity — Evidence from the US","authors":"Linda Glawe","doi":"10.1016/j.pirs.2025.100127","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pirs.2025.100127","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper uses a non-linear dynamic factor model to investigate the innovation convergence dynamics across US states from 1992 to 2020. Our results indicate that multiple innovation clubs exist within the US, and the heterogeneity between those clusters is increasing over time. Moreover, we observe a geographical pattern in the club membership, with several states from the Western US (especially on the Pacific Coast) and the Northeastern US (particularly New England) forming part of the top cluster. While education and industrial structure are important determinants of innovation clubs, corruption emerges as the most decisive factor in determining whether a US state is on a high or low-innovation trajectory.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51458,"journal":{"name":"Papers in Regional Science","volume":"104 6","pages":"Article 100127"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145571820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Michel Dimou, Kevin Randy Chemo Dzukou, Alexandra Schaffar
{"title":"Paris as a gateway? Spatial inequalities in immigrant integration across French regions","authors":"Michel Dimou, Kevin Randy Chemo Dzukou, Alexandra Schaffar","doi":"10.1016/j.pirs.2025.100126","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pirs.2025.100126","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper examines the labor market performance of immigrants and their descendants in France by estimating a series of empirical Tobit II models for the Paris region and the rest of the country. The analysis focuses on two central outcomes—labor force participation and wage disparities—comparing the experiences of first- and second-generation immigrants with those of native-born individuals. The models include a comprehensive set of individual-level controls, such as gender, educational attainment, ethnic origin, and geographical location, to capture the influence of socio-demographic, cultural, and spatial factors on labor market integration. The results show that, despite ongoing policy efforts, substantial spatial disparities persist. Immigrants and their descendants perform noticeably better in the Paris region than elsewhere in France. In Paris, ethnic origin has only a limited effect on employment and wages, whereas in other regions it remains a significant barrier to both participation and wages. This spatial mismatch underscores the uneven distribution of integration opportunities across the country, reflecting regional variations in institutional capacity, economic dynamism, and social openness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51458,"journal":{"name":"Papers in Regional Science","volume":"104 6","pages":"Article 100126"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145467268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Navigating change: Residential relocation, commuting behaviours, and built environments","authors":"Conor O’Driscoll","doi":"10.1016/j.pirs.2025.100128","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pirs.2025.100128","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Amid the growing enthusiasm to use land-use and transport policy measures to encourage greater sustainable travel, the need to understand the nuance of where such interventions are effective, how they work, and who they impact is essential. Yet, the relative importance of who we are and where we live in shaping travel behaviours remains contested. This paper examines this relationship more closely by studying the relative importance of built environment characteristics, life-stage transitions, and selection mechanisms in shaping commuting behaviours across the UK. To do this, linear probability models are used to investigate how these variables impact the probability of switching commute mode. Individual-level longitudinal data capturing the period immediately before relocation and multiple periods post-relocation are paired with highly disaggregated spatial data. I find that life-events and selection mechanisms exert greater influence over the probability of switching commute mode than static built environment measures, while dynamic measures appear more prominent (especially when considering the probability of switching to public transport), implying that commute mode choices depend less on where people live than on how easily they can move. The probability of switching to cars is linked to life disruptions and socioeconomic pressures, particularly among low-income individuals. The probability of switching to active modes is highly individualised, especially among high-income individuals. Mid-income individuals respond dynamically to a broad range of triggers, appearing sensitive to cost and convenience. From a policy standpoint then, interventions targeting accessibility and socioeconomic constraints may be more effective in shaping travel behaviour than static land-use strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51458,"journal":{"name":"Papers in Regional Science","volume":"104 6","pages":"Article 100128"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145466531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sandy Dall'erba , André Chagas , William Ridley , Yilan Xu , Lilin Yuan
{"title":"Difference-in-differences with endogenous externalities: Model and application to climate econometrics","authors":"Sandy Dall'erba , André Chagas , William Ridley , Yilan Xu , Lilin Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.pirs.2025.100125","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pirs.2025.100125","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The difference-in-difference (DID) framework is now a well-accepted method in quasi-experimental research. However, DID does not consider treatment-induced changes to a network linking treated and control units. The endogenous network DID methodology we offer here (ENDID) controls for the direct and indirect role of the treatment on any network member. In addition, we control for the sensitivity of the network to the treatment and its endogeneity on the outcome variable. Monte Carlo simulations and a three-step process combining a gravity model with a 2SLS estimation demonstrate the performance of our new estimator. We apply it to the case where drought impacts global wheat trade and, in turn, wheat production. The results show that a DID that disregards the network and its changes leads to significant underestimates of overall treatment effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51458,"journal":{"name":"Papers in Regional Science","volume":"104 6","pages":"Article 100125"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145467269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carmen María Llorca-Rodríguez , Amalia Cristina Casas-Jurado , Rosa María García-Fernández , Jorge Chica-Olmo
{"title":"Dynamic spatio-temporal modelling of tourism impact on income inequality and polarization: Inbound and domestic flows in the EU","authors":"Carmen María Llorca-Rodríguez , Amalia Cristina Casas-Jurado , Rosa María García-Fernández , Jorge Chica-Olmo","doi":"10.1016/j.pirs.2025.100122","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pirs.2025.100122","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Concern about income distribution has spread worldwide owing to its connections with social unrest and conflict. For this reason, the European Union (EU) pays special attention to its Cohesion Policy, thus fulfilling its commitment to equity and ensuring its own economic, social and political sustainability. This paper aims to assess the impact of tourism on income inequality and polarization with a view to guiding income distribution policies, particularly the EU Cohesion Policy. Specifically, we control for spatial dependence to determine the impact of tourism both in destinations and their neighbouring regions. We also consider non-linear relationships to detect possible changes over time in the effects of tourism on income distribution. Additionally, we contrast inbound and domestic tourism since the characteristics of these flows can have differential effects on the results. Dynamic Spatio-temporal estimations are applied to EU NUTS-1 data using spatial lag of X (SLX) models. Our estimations indicate that total tourism hinders income distribution in destinations showing an inverted-U-shaped relationship with income inequality and polarization. We find that inequality and polarization increase with inbound tourism but decrease with domestic tourism. Moreover, the two typologies improve income distribution in regions neighbouring tourism destinations. Both types of tourism cause direct, indirect and induced effects of different intensity. Policy actions applicable to other geographical contexts are proposed targeting the tourism supply structure, labour market regulation and structural competitiveness jointly with measures to effectively manage the transition to a knowledge-based economy and strengthen social protection systems, particularly in education, health, unemployment and retirement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51458,"journal":{"name":"Papers in Regional Science","volume":"104 6","pages":"Article 100122"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145417074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}