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Journal of Risk and Insurance最新文献

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Annuity puzzle: Evidence from a Swiss pension fund 年金之谜：来自瑞士养老基金的证据
IF 2.1 3区 经济学
Journal of Risk and Insurance Pub Date : 2024-05-22 DOI: 10.1111/jori.12473
Piera Bello, Agar Brugiavini, Vincenzo Galasso
{"title":"Annuity puzzle: Evidence from a Swiss pension fund","authors":"Piera Bello,&nbsp;Agar Brugiavini,&nbsp;Vincenzo Galasso","doi":"10.1111/jori.12473","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jori.12473","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We analyze individual annuitization decisions at retirement in an environment with mandatory participation in a funded pension pillar and low average annuity price. Using administrative data from a large Swiss insurance company over the period 2011–2015, we document that, even in this favorable environment, only 42.7% of the retirees fully annuitize, against 45% taking full lump sum. We show that individual annuitization decisions strongly respond to financial incentives, measured by the Money Worth Ratio, and to the tax rates on annuity and lump-sum payments. Lump-sum payments are more common among French- and Italian-speaking individuals. Using Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe data, we show that French- and Italian-speaking Swiss are more likely to leave inheritance—thus suggesting that preferences for bequests may affect annuitization decisions. Finally, we provide evidence of asymmetric information, using the unused observable test, to show that individuals living in high mortality municipalities are less likely to annuitize and more likely to cash out their pension wealth.</p>","PeriodicalId":51440,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Risk and Insurance","volume":"91 3","pages":"653-696"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141112924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The market for model laws: The diffusion of NAIC model laws 示范法市场：全美保险协会示范法的传播
IF 2.1 3区 经济学
Journal of Risk and Insurance Pub Date : 2024-05-04 DOI: 10.1111/jori.12471
Charlotte S. Alexander, Martin F. Grace, Jingshu Luo
{"title":"The market for model laws: The diffusion of NAIC model laws","authors":"Charlotte S. Alexander,&nbsp;Martin F. Grace,&nbsp;Jingshu Luo","doi":"10.1111/jori.12471","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jori.12471","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The National Association of Insurance Commissioners (NAIC) issues model laws to promote uniformity in the US state-based insurance regulatory system. In this paper, we study the diffusion of 197 NAIC model laws, examining the adoption patterns and influencing factors. Employing a network algorithm, we uncover the underlying network over which model laws spread. The NAIC plays a central role in this network, and its influence increases over time. Additionally, we explore factors affecting states' model law adoptions from three perspectives: the laws' attributes, the states' internal characteristics, and external influences. We find that a law's attributes play a key role. Model laws characterized by low complexity, distinct from existing state laws, mandated for accreditation compliance, and recently amended are more likely to be adopted. While we do not find significant impacts of various state-internal characteristics, our results reveal that states follow geographic and ideological neighbors in adopting model laws.</p>","PeriodicalId":51440,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Risk and Insurance","volume":"92 1","pages":"5-32"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140837242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Enterprise risk management and corporate tax planning 企业风险管理和企业税务规划
IF 2.1 3区 经济学
Journal of Risk and Insurance Pub Date : 2024-04-24 DOI: 10.1111/jori.12469
Evan M. Eastman, Anne C. Ehinger, Jianren Xu
{"title":"Enterprise risk management and corporate tax planning","authors":"Evan M. Eastman,&nbsp;Anne C. Ehinger,&nbsp;Jianren Xu","doi":"10.1111/jori.12469","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jori.12469","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study examines the impact of enterprise risk management (ERM) programs on corporate tax planning. ERM is a holistic approach to managing an enterprise's entire portfolio of risks. We hand-collect data on ERM adoption for a sample of Standard &amp; Poor's 500 firms from 1993 to 2016. We empirically document that firms with ERM programs have lower cash effective tax rates than firms without ERM. Additionally, we find that the relation between ERM and tax avoidance is stronger among firms with more business segments. Finally, our results suggest ERM adoption offsets an increase in opacity and tax uncertainty typically associated with tax avoidance strategies. Overall, we provide evidence that ERM allows firms to exploit tax avoidance opportunities through enhanced coordination and communication.</p>","PeriodicalId":51440,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Risk and Insurance","volume":"91 3","pages":"529-566"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140803391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pareto-efficient risk sharing in centralized insurance markets with application to flood risk 集中式保险市场的帕累托效率风险分担--应用于洪水风险
IF 1.9 3区 经济学
Journal of Risk and Insurance Pub Date : 2024-04-23 DOI: 10.1111/jori.12468
Tim J. Boonen, Wing Fung Chong, Mario Ghossoub
{"title":"Pareto-efficient risk sharing in centralized insurance markets with application to flood risk","authors":"Tim J. Boonen,&nbsp;Wing Fung Chong,&nbsp;Mario Ghossoub","doi":"10.1111/jori.12468","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jori.12468","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Centralized insurance can be found in both the private and public sectors. This paper provides a microeconomic study of the risk-sharing mechanisms in these markets, where multiple policyholders interact with a centralized monopolistic insurer. With minimal assumptions on the risk preferences of the market participants, we characterize Pareto optimality in terms of the agents' risk positions and their assessment of the likelihoods associated with their loss tail events. We relate Pareto efficiency in this market to a naturally associated cooperative game. Based on our theoretical results, we then consider a model of flood insurance coverage via an illustrative example. The lessons drawn from our theoretical results and this example lead to important policy implications for the existing National Flood Insurance Program in the United States.</p>","PeriodicalId":51440,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Risk and Insurance","volume":"91 2","pages":"449-488"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jori.12468","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140666877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Catastrophe risk in a stochastic multi-population mortality model 随机多人口死亡率模型中的灾难风险
IF 2.1 3区 经济学
Journal of Risk and Insurance Pub Date : 2024-04-18 DOI: 10.1111/jori.12470
Jens Robben, Katrien Antonio
{"title":"Catastrophe risk in a stochastic multi-population mortality model","authors":"Jens Robben,&nbsp;Katrien Antonio","doi":"10.1111/jori.12470","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jori.12470","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper incorporates mortality shocks in the scenarios for future mortality rates produced by a stochastic multi-population mortality model. Hereto, the proposed model combines a decreasing stochastic mortality trend with a mechanism that switches between regimes of low and high volatility. During the high volatility regimes, mortality shocks occur that last from one to several years and temporarily impact the mortality rates before returning to the overall mortality trend. Furthermore, we account for the age-specific impact of these mortality shocks on mortality rates. Actuaries and risk managers can tailor this scenario generator to their specific needs, risk management objectives, or supervisory requirements. The generated scenarios allow (re)insurers, policymakers, or actuaries to evaluate the effects of different catastrophe risk scenarios on, for example, the calculation of solvency capital requirements.</p>","PeriodicalId":51440,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Risk and Insurance","volume":"91 3","pages":"599-651"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140627210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abandoning disaster relief and stimulating insurance demand through premium subsidies 放弃救灾，通过保费补贴刺激保险需求
IF 1.9 3区 经济学
Journal of Risk and Insurance Pub Date : 2024-04-18 DOI: 10.1111/jori.12467
Tim Philippi, Jörg Schiller
{"title":"Abandoning disaster relief and stimulating insurance demand through premium subsidies","authors":"Tim Philippi,&nbsp;Jörg Schiller","doi":"10.1111/jori.12467","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jori.12467","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Premium subsidies can be used to address low demand for natural hazard insurance when it is partly caused by governmental disaster relief payments. We analyze how the introduction of ex ante premium subsidies affects the frost insurance demand of German winegrowers after the government changed insurance regimes to avoid ex post disaster relief payments. We find that the implementation of a premium subsidy in an immature market with low levels of participation, presumably caused by strong anticipation of disaster relief, is effective in increasing overall frost insurance demand. Receiving disaster relief payments 3 years before the introduction of the subsidy seems to make farmers more responsive toward the premium subsidy.</p>","PeriodicalId":51440,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Risk and Insurance","volume":"91 2","pages":"339-382"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jori.12467","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140627215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Improving household and community disaster recovery: Evidence on the role of insurance 改善家庭和社区灾后恢复：保险作用的证据
IF 1.9 3区 经济学
Journal of Risk and Insurance Pub Date : 2024-04-15 DOI: 10.1111/jori.12466
Xuesong You, Carolyn Kousky
{"title":"Improving household and community disaster recovery: Evidence on the role of insurance","authors":"Xuesong You,&nbsp;Carolyn Kousky","doi":"10.1111/jori.12466","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jori.12466","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We study the role of insurance in improving household and community disaster recovery. Our analysis harnesses both a unique survey of residents impacted by four land-falling hurricanes in the United States and foot traffic data on visits to local businesses. Households sort into two groups when it comes to financing recovery: those primarily using property insurance and those largely uninsured, instead relying more on friends and family. Insurance improves households' ability to participate in the local economy. Postflood visitation rates to many local businesses increase with greater flood insurance take-up rates. Expanded participation in the local economy is consistent with insurance reducing financial constraints; indeed, insured households are less likely to report experiencing high financial burdens in both the short and longer-run postdisaster and are less likely to have unmet funding needs. Despite this, motivating the purchase of disaster insurance remains challenging, particularly among low-income households who perceive insurance as less useful.</p>","PeriodicalId":51440,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Risk and Insurance","volume":"91 2","pages":"299-338"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140560300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Who can see it coming? Demand-side selection in long-term care insurance related to decision-making abilities 谁能预见未来？与决策能力相关的长期护理保险需求方选择
IF 2.1 3区 经济学
Journal of Risk and Insurance Pub Date : 2024-04-11 DOI: 10.1111/jori.12465
Timo R. Lambregts, Frederik T. Schut
{"title":"Who can see it coming? Demand-side selection in long-term care insurance related to decision-making abilities","authors":"Timo R. Lambregts,&nbsp;Frederik T. Schut","doi":"10.1111/jori.12465","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jori.12465","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Despite the growing demand for long-term care (LTC), the uptake of private LTC insurance (LTCI) is low and even declining in the United States. One reason is the complexity of LTCI decisions. Researchers have therefore suggested to support decision-making abilities. This paper shows, however, that such support would not unambiguously enhance functioning of the LTCI market. We analyze whether selection arises from two correlated but different decision-making abilities at old age, education and numeracy, and interactions thereof with private information. Using historical data from the Health and Retirement Survey we find that education generates adverse selection, which is only partially offset by advantageous selection due to numeracy. In addition, individuals with greater decision-making abilities make better LTCI choices, amplifying selection by education and numeracy. This points at a trade-off between decision simplicity and selection in insurance markets and suggests other steps are needed to enhance the performance of private LTCI markets.</p>","PeriodicalId":51440,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Risk and Insurance","volume":"91 3","pages":"697-719"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jori.12465","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140560488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Workers' moral hazard and private insurer effort in disability insurance 工人的道德风险和私营保险公司在伤残保险方面的努力
IF 2.1 3区 经济学
Journal of Risk and Insurance Pub Date : 2024-03-16 DOI: 10.1111/jori.12464
Pierre Koning, Max van Lent
{"title":"Workers' moral hazard and private insurer effort in disability insurance","authors":"Pierre Koning,&nbsp;Max van Lent","doi":"10.1111/jori.12464","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jori.12464","url":null,"abstract":"<p>While it is well known that supplementary private Disability Insurance (DI) has the potential to increase workers' moral hazard, the extra coverage may also increase incentives for private insurers to reduce caseloads by means of prevention and reintegration activities. With unique administrative data on DI contracts of firms in the Netherlands, this paper aims to disentangle these worker and insurer responses to increased coverage. Supplementary insurance increases the insurers' incentive to lower disability risks, but in our setting it also creates an incentive for the insurers to facilitate partial work resumption of disabled workers who have earnings capacity. Using firm- and time-fixed effects models on the absence and employment rates, we find that insurer effort counteracts workers' moral hazard.</p>","PeriodicalId":51440,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Risk and Insurance","volume":"91 4","pages":"1049-1088"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jori.12464","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140148809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Issue Information: Journal of Risk and Insurance 1/2024 期刊信息：风险与保险》杂志 1/2024
IF 1.9 3区 经济学
Journal of Risk and Insurance Pub Date : 2024-02-21 DOI: 10.1111/jori.12462
{"title":"Issue Information: Journal of Risk and Insurance 1/2024","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/jori.12462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jori.12462","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51440,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Risk and Insurance","volume":"91 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jori.12462","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139915626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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