Canadian Journal of Public Health-Revue Canadienne De Sante Publique最新文献

{"title":"The association between positive parent-child interaction and mental health outcomes in children aged 1-11 years in Canada.","authors":"Peter Yassa, Justin Thielman, Andrea Gonzalez, Mackenzie Martin, Daniel W Harrington, Sarah Carsley","doi":"10.17269/s41997-025-01073-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17269/s41997-025-01073-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The prevalence of mental health disorders in Canada has increased over the past 10 years. Positive parent-child interaction (PCI) is a potential protective factor for child mental health, but has not been explored in a Canadian context. This study aimed to determine the association between positive PCI and mental health outcomes in children ages 1-11 years in Canada.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were included from the 2019 Canadian Health Survey on Children and Youth (CHSCY) (N = 28,874). PCI was assessed using five items, reported by the parents. The combined PCI score was also derived. Parent-reported general child mental health was the main outcome. Multivariable logistic regression models, adjusting for confounders, were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Only 2.8% of parents reported their child's mental health to be \"fair/poor\". The adjusted analysis did not show an association between combined PCI score and parent-reported general child mental health (OR = 0.96; 95%CI 0.91-1.01). Models assessing individual PCI items did not show significant associations with general child mental health, except for the \"laughs with child\" item.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While it is theorized that positive PCI is predictive of child mental health, this study did not find a consistent association, except for the frequency at which the parent laughs with the child. This suggests that PCI, as measured in CHSCY, is not a strong indicator of child mental health. Yet, as PCI is an important parenting concept, the PCI items in the CHSCY may not adequately capture the intended construct. Future studies should consider assessing the construct validity of these items.</p>","PeriodicalId":51407,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Public Health-Revue Canadienne De Sante Publique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144318647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Helping people access benefits: Millions of unclaimed federal dollars are available.","authors":"Noralou P Roos, Sharon Macdonald, Eileen Boriskewich, Leslie L Roos, Sally Massey-Wiebe, Colleen J Metge","doi":"10.17269/s41997-025-01064-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17269/s41997-025-01064-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Setting: </strong>The GetYourBenefits! Project began as an attempt to convince physicians that it is important to diagnose and treat poverty.</p><p><strong>Intervention: </strong>The academics worked with community agencies and physician organizations to communicate about the government benefits for which individuals with low incomes and/or disabilities are eligible. The Project Manager and Outreach Officer met with and gave talks to community groups. The Financial Literacy and Empowerment Program Coordinator, Community Financial Counselling Services (CFCS), who leads Manitoba's free tax filing clinics, led the development of the Get Your Benefits booklet. The authors decided communicating about the project was important. The project was funded by the Winnipeg Foundation with the collaboration of the Manitoba government and is being continued by CFCS.</p><p><strong>Outcomes: </strong>This paper describes how information on accessing benefits has been communicated to physicians, health care providers, and those who work in public health. Over 170,000 booklets were distributed. By the final year of the project (2023), over 85 websites had linked to the project website, a major growth over the nine websites linked in the first year of the project. Several updates a year were sent advising on opportunities for accessing benefits, with more than 270 individuals and organizations receiving these in the last year of the project.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>Accessing these benefits has brought and could bring additional millions of unclaimed federal dollars to eligible individuals across Canada. There is still much to be done.</p>","PeriodicalId":51407,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Public Health-Revue Canadienne De Sante Publique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144318646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence, incidence, and factors associated with pain-related disabilities, and experiences of limitations due to pain among First Nations, Inuit, and Métis peoples in Canada: A scoping review.","authors":"Astrid DeSouza, Dorothy Taylor, Jennifer L Ward, Julie Vizza, Hainan Yu, Kent Murnaghan, Carol Cancelliere, Sheilah Hogg-Johnson, Amanda J Sheppard, Pierre Côté","doi":"10.17269/s41997-025-01047-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17269/s41997-025-01047-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To describe the prevalence, incidence, factors associated with pain-related disabilities, and experiences of limitations due to pain among First Nations, Inuit, and Métis peoples in Canada.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a scoping review of the literature. The search strategy, developed with a health sciences librarian, included Indigenous-specific and health peer-reviewed databases, and grey literature for studies from inception to May 23, 2023. We included epidemiological, qualitative, and mixed-methods studies assessing pain-related disability outcomes among First Nations, Inuit, and Métis peoples in Canada.</p><p><strong>Synthesis: </strong>We screened 5902 citations from the peer-reviewed databases, of which 86 were screened as full-text items, and 49 were screened separately from grey literature sources. Two relevant items were retrieved. In 2017, an epidemiological study reported point prevalence estimates of pain-related disability lasting 6 months or more as follows: 11.4% among Inuit, 20.7% among Métis, and 22.2% among off-reserve First Nations people, with higher prevalence in women than in men. In 2002, a qualitative study highlighted emergent themes related to \"difficulty coping with pain\" and \"suffering\" among Cree adults with disabilities from the Mushkegowuk Territory. No studies reported on the incidence or factors associated with pain-related disability.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our scoping review found two studies on pain-related disabilities among Indigenous peoples in Canada. Continued collaboration with Indigenous partners is required to contextualize these findings and determine appropriate next steps.</p>","PeriodicalId":51407,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Public Health-Revue Canadienne De Sante Publique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144303567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Responding to the toxic drug crisis: Promising innovations, gaps, and calls to action.","authors":"Karen Urbanoski, David Moore, Cory Neudorf, Elaine Hyshka, Rodney Knight","doi":"10.17269/s41997-025-01068-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17269/s41997-025-01068-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51407,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Public Health-Revue Canadienne De Sante Publique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144287105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Provincial and territorial results and recommendations from the Canadian Alcohol Policy Evaluation project: Room for improvement.","authors":"Isabella Priore, Nicole Vishnevsky, Elizabeth K Farkouh, Kate Vallance, Ashley Wettlaufer, Tina R Price, Amanda M Farrell-Low, Norman Giesbrecht, Mark Asbridge, Marilou Gagnon, Jacob Shelley, Adam Sherk, Kevin D Shield, Robert Solomon, Tim R Stockwell, Gerald Thomas, Kara Thompson, Timothy S Naimi","doi":"10.17269/s41997-025-01061-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17269/s41997-025-01061-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate existing alcohol policies in Canadian provinces and territories (P/Ts) against evidence-based best practice policies aimed at reducing alcohol-related harms and improving population health.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Alcohol policies in Canadian P/Ts were evaluated across 11 policy domains. The scoring rubric was formulated based on the latest evidence-based public health criteria. Policy domains were weighted to reflect their relative effectiveness and scope. Data were collected by the research team, reviewed and validated by government contacts, and scored by designated team members. Scores were calculated for each P/T and policy domain. Additionally, a Best Existing Policies (BEP) score was calculated to demonstrate the score that could be achieved by any P/T if they adopted all the best policies currently in place somewhere in Canada.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Scored against best practice policy criteria, the average score across all P/Ts was 37%; no province or territory scored ≥ 50%. Across the 11 domains, the highest scores were achieved in Manitoba (44%), Quebec (42%), and Newfoundland and Labrador (41%). Policy domains with the highest scores were screening and treatment interventions (67%), monitoring and reporting (63%), and liquor law enforcement (54%). Policy domains with the highest evidence of effectiveness (e.g., pricing and taxation, physical availability, and control system) were among the lowest scoring (29%, 40%, and 23%, respectively). The BEP score was 80%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>P/T governments have yet to adopt many of the evidence-based alcohol policies available. Improved policy adoption across P/Ts is achievable and could help address the health, social, and economic impacts of alcohol use.</p>","PeriodicalId":51407,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Public Health-Revue Canadienne De Sante Publique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144287104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Canadian dietetic education and training actions to support Indigenization, decolonization, and reconciliation.","authors":"Laura Correia Dias, Chelsea Leslie, Lee Rysdale, Victoria Emmell, Sandra A Juutilainen, Shannan Grant, Kelly Gordon, Hannah Neufeld, Rhona M Hanning","doi":"10.17269/s41997-025-01055-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17269/s41997-025-01055-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The paper describes activities of dietetic education and training programs within Canada to advance Indigenization, decolonization, and reconciliation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A self-administered 34-question cross-sectional, online survey was distributed to all Canadian dietetic education and training programs, and available February-May 2022. A matrix question examined key actions and scope at program and/or institutional levels, while question logic and open-ended feedback options supported further description. Additional open-ended questions explored respondents' perspectives on perceived barriers and needed supports for action. Descriptive statistics and deductive codes are presented.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The survey was completed by 20 of 29 dietetic programs (69%). Adding Indigenous-related content to curricula (n = 18) and cultural immersion opportunities within Indigenous settings (n = 16) mainly occurred at the program level. Attracting and supporting Indigenous students/interns, staff, and faculty and preceptors (n = 19) and providing cultural safety training to staff and faculty (n = 17) were common activities of institutions. Respondents identified lack of resources (funding, staff, and time) as systemic barriers and the need for dietetic leadership support to advance processes of Indigenization, decolonization, and reconciliation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study established a baseline record of Indigenization, decolonization, and reconciliation activities in Canadian dietetic education and training programs that can inform future work. Programs are encouraged to (1) evaluate current and future activities; (2) ensure activities are part of a comprehensive approach to Indigenization, decolonization, and reconciliation, rooted in Indigenous, social justice, and health equity principles; and (3) consider collaborative action and advocacy to overcome systemic barriers, with the support of dietetic leadership.</p>","PeriodicalId":51407,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Public Health-Revue Canadienne De Sante Publique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144287102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disorder-specific risk factors of suicidal behaviour among serving and veteran Canadian Armed Forces Members with baseline mental health diagnoses.","authors":"Essence Perera, Tracie O Afifi, Murray W Enns, Natalie Mota, Jitender Sareen, Shay-Lee Bolton","doi":"10.17269/s41997-025-01054-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17269/s41997-025-01054-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Many Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) members and veterans will receive a mental disorder diagnosis, and a high percentage will also experience suicidal behaviours. This study examined demographic characteristics, distal and proximal risk factors, and protective factors, and their relationship to suicidal behaviour (ideation, plans, and attempts) among CAF members and veterans who met criteria for a mental disorder at baseline.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from the 2018 CAF Members and Veterans Mental Health Follow-up Survey (n = 2941) were utilized. Mental disorder diagnoses were assessed through structured diagnostic interview. Generalized linear models were conducted using subsamples of individuals with a lifetime baseline diagnosis of (a) major depressive episode (MDE), (b) posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and (c) an anxiety disorder (AD; social phobia, generalized, panic).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Across mental disorder subsamples of those with MDE and AD, land environmental command at baseline was associated with increased prevalence of suicidal behaviour. Risk factors for suicidal behaviour across all subsamples included baseline suicidal behaviour, greater level of self-medication and avoidant coping style, greater level of baseline work stress, greater number of traumatic experiences, persistence or recurrence of index mental disorder, current comorbid mental disorder, current physical health condition, exposure to \"other\" traumatic experiences, and alcohol use disorder. Protective factors across all subsamples included greater level of current problem-solving coping style. Disorder-specific factors were also identified.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study identified characteristics of individuals living with mental disorders who might be at high risk of suicidal behaviour, highlighting potential areas for targeted interventions in this key population.</p>","PeriodicalId":51407,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Public Health-Revue Canadienne De Sante Publique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144287103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning used to study risk factors for chronic diseases: A scoping review.","authors":"Mahek Shergill, Steve Durant, Sharon Birdi, Roxana Rabet, Carolyn Ziegler, Shehzad Ali, David Buckeridge, Marzyeh Ghassemi, Jennifer Gibson, Ava John-Baptiste, Jillian Macklin, Melissa McCradden, Kwame McKenzie, Parisa Naraei, Akwasi Owusu-Bempah, Laura C Rosella, James Shaw, Ross Upshur, Sharmistha Mishra, Andrew D Pinto","doi":"10.17269/s41997-025-01059-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17269/s41997-025-01059-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Machine learning (ML) has received significant attention for its potential to process and learn from vast amounts of data. Our aim was to perform a scoping review to identify studies that used ML to study risk factors for chronic diseases at a population level, notably those that incorporated methods to mitigate algorithmic bias. We focused on ML applications for the most common risk factors for chronic disease: tobacco use, alcohol use, unhealthy eating, physical activity, and psychological stress.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched the peer-reviewed, indexed literature using Medline (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (Ovid), Scopus, ACM Digital Library, INSPEC, and Web of Science's Science Citation Index, Social Sciences Citation Index, and Emerging Sources Citation Index. Among the included studies, we examined whether bias was considered and identified strategies employed to mitigate bias.</p><p><strong>Synthesis: </strong>The search identified 10,329 studies, and 20 met our inclusion criteria. The studies we identified used ML for a wide range of goals, from prediction of chronic disease development to automating the classification of data to identifying new associations between risk factors and disease. Nine studies (45%) included some discussion of algorithmic bias. Studies that incorporated a broad array of sociodemographic variables did so primarily to improve the performance of a ML model rather than to mitigate potential harms to populations made vulnerable by social and economic policies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This work contributes to our understanding of how ML can be used to advance population and public health.</p>","PeriodicalId":51407,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Public Health-Revue Canadienne De Sante Publique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144267876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond hunger: The health costs of Canada's charitable food model.","authors":"Charles C X Yuan, Mihir Gokal","doi":"10.17269/s41997-025-01072-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17269/s41997-025-01072-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51407,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Public Health-Revue Canadienne De Sante Publique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144267874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current landscape of social media and (Canadian Journal of) public health: Constructive engagement is needed and encouraged.","authors":"Katrina Pearman, Daniel Fuller","doi":"10.17269/s41997-025-01052-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17269/s41997-025-01052-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51407,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Public Health-Revue Canadienne De Sante Publique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144267875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}