Canadian Journal of Public Health-Revue Canadienne De Sante Publique最新文献

{"title":"Canadian dietetic education and training actions to support Indigenization, decolonization, and reconciliation.","authors":"Laura Correia Dias, Chelsea Leslie, Lee Rysdale, Victoria Emmell, Sandra A Juutilainen, Shannan Grant, Kelly Gordon, Hannah Neufeld, Rhona M Hanning","doi":"10.17269/s41997-025-01055-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17269/s41997-025-01055-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The paper describes activities of dietetic education and training programs within Canada to advance Indigenization, decolonization, and reconciliation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A self-administered 34-question cross-sectional, online survey was distributed to all Canadian dietetic education and training programs, and available February-May 2022. A matrix question examined key actions and scope at program and/or institutional levels, while question logic and open-ended feedback options supported further description. Additional open-ended questions explored respondents' perspectives on perceived barriers and needed supports for action. Descriptive statistics and deductive codes are presented.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The survey was completed by 20 of 29 dietetic programs (69%). Adding Indigenous-related content to curricula (n = 18) and cultural immersion opportunities within Indigenous settings (n = 16) mainly occurred at the program level. Attracting and supporting Indigenous students/interns, staff, and faculty and preceptors (n = 19) and providing cultural safety training to staff and faculty (n = 17) were common activities of institutions. Respondents identified lack of resources (funding, staff, and time) as systemic barriers and the need for dietetic leadership support to advance processes of Indigenization, decolonization, and reconciliation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study established a baseline record of Indigenization, decolonization, and reconciliation activities in Canadian dietetic education and training programs that can inform future work. Programs are encouraged to (1) evaluate current and future activities; (2) ensure activities are part of a comprehensive approach to Indigenization, decolonization, and reconciliation, rooted in Indigenous, social justice, and health equity principles; and (3) consider collaborative action and advocacy to overcome systemic barriers, with the support of dietetic leadership.</p>","PeriodicalId":51407,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Public Health-Revue Canadienne De Sante Publique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144287102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disorder-specific risk factors of suicidal behaviour among serving and veteran Canadian Armed Forces Members with baseline mental health diagnoses.","authors":"Essence Perera, Tracie O Afifi, Murray W Enns, Natalie Mota, Jitender Sareen, Shay-Lee Bolton","doi":"10.17269/s41997-025-01054-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17269/s41997-025-01054-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Many Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) members and veterans will receive a mental disorder diagnosis, and a high percentage will also experience suicidal behaviours. This study examined demographic characteristics, distal and proximal risk factors, and protective factors, and their relationship to suicidal behaviour (ideation, plans, and attempts) among CAF members and veterans who met criteria for a mental disorder at baseline.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from the 2018 CAF Members and Veterans Mental Health Follow-up Survey (n = 2941) were utilized. Mental disorder diagnoses were assessed through structured diagnostic interview. Generalized linear models were conducted using subsamples of individuals with a lifetime baseline diagnosis of (a) major depressive episode (MDE), (b) posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and (c) an anxiety disorder (AD; social phobia, generalized, panic).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Across mental disorder subsamples of those with MDE and AD, land environmental command at baseline was associated with increased prevalence of suicidal behaviour. Risk factors for suicidal behaviour across all subsamples included baseline suicidal behaviour, greater level of self-medication and avoidant coping style, greater level of baseline work stress, greater number of traumatic experiences, persistence or recurrence of index mental disorder, current comorbid mental disorder, current physical health condition, exposure to \"other\" traumatic experiences, and alcohol use disorder. Protective factors across all subsamples included greater level of current problem-solving coping style. Disorder-specific factors were also identified.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study identified characteristics of individuals living with mental disorders who might be at high risk of suicidal behaviour, highlighting potential areas for targeted interventions in this key population.</p>","PeriodicalId":51407,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Public Health-Revue Canadienne De Sante Publique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144287103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning used to study risk factors for chronic diseases: A scoping review.","authors":"Mahek Shergill, Steve Durant, Sharon Birdi, Roxana Rabet, Carolyn Ziegler, Shehzad Ali, David Buckeridge, Marzyeh Ghassemi, Jennifer Gibson, Ava John-Baptiste, Jillian Macklin, Melissa McCradden, Kwame McKenzie, Parisa Naraei, Akwasi Owusu-Bempah, Laura C Rosella, James Shaw, Ross Upshur, Sharmistha Mishra, Andrew D Pinto","doi":"10.17269/s41997-025-01059-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17269/s41997-025-01059-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Machine learning (ML) has received significant attention for its potential to process and learn from vast amounts of data. Our aim was to perform a scoping review to identify studies that used ML to study risk factors for chronic diseases at a population level, notably those that incorporated methods to mitigate algorithmic bias. We focused on ML applications for the most common risk factors for chronic disease: tobacco use, alcohol use, unhealthy eating, physical activity, and psychological stress.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched the peer-reviewed, indexed literature using Medline (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (Ovid), Scopus, ACM Digital Library, INSPEC, and Web of Science's Science Citation Index, Social Sciences Citation Index, and Emerging Sources Citation Index. Among the included studies, we examined whether bias was considered and identified strategies employed to mitigate bias.</p><p><strong>Synthesis: </strong>The search identified 10,329 studies, and 20 met our inclusion criteria. The studies we identified used ML for a wide range of goals, from prediction of chronic disease development to automating the classification of data to identifying new associations between risk factors and disease. Nine studies (45%) included some discussion of algorithmic bias. Studies that incorporated a broad array of sociodemographic variables did so primarily to improve the performance of a ML model rather than to mitigate potential harms to populations made vulnerable by social and economic policies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This work contributes to our understanding of how ML can be used to advance population and public health.</p>","PeriodicalId":51407,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Public Health-Revue Canadienne De Sante Publique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144267876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond hunger: The health costs of Canada's charitable food model.","authors":"Charles C X Yuan, Mihir Gokal","doi":"10.17269/s41997-025-01072-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17269/s41997-025-01072-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51407,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Public Health-Revue Canadienne De Sante Publique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144267874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current landscape of social media and (Canadian Journal of) public health: Constructive engagement is needed and encouraged.","authors":"Katrina Pearman, Daniel Fuller","doi":"10.17269/s41997-025-01052-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17269/s41997-025-01052-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51407,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Public Health-Revue Canadienne De Sante Publique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144267875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Responding to drug-related harm among South Asian populations in Canada.","authors":"Nyal Mirza, Mohit Singh, Elaine Hyshka","doi":"10.17269/s41997-025-01062-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17269/s41997-025-01062-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The impact of the toxic drug crisis on South Asian people is under-researched. This rapidly growing population faces unique sociocultural challenges related to substance use. This includes psychosocial stress associated with acculturation, which may lead to illegal drug use as a coping mechanism. Cultural factors like collectivism, heightened stigma, and the 'model minority' stereotype may further shape risk behaviour, help-seeking, and attitudes towards substance use. There is growing interest in establishing substance use programs and educational initiatives for South Asian communities in Canada. Improving data collection and developing culturally safe approaches to substance use, prevention, treatment, and harm reduction will help guide these public health efforts. Prioritising these strategies would help better support South Asian populations, increase knowledge, reduce stigma, and help to mitigate the impact of the toxic drug crisis in Canada.</p>","PeriodicalId":51407,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Public Health-Revue Canadienne De Sante Publique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144250833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Announcing a new authorship policy at CJPH: Consideration of young people in research.","authors":"Mary Ellen Macdonald, Jayna Ling Lunny, Franco A Carnevale","doi":"10.17269/s41997-025-01066-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17269/s41997-025-01066-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51407,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Public Health-Revue Canadienne De Sante Publique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144250830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supporting the development of Inuit children in urban environments: What are the needs of Inuit families living in southern Québec?","authors":"Lauriane Ouellet, Marie Grandisson, Christopher Fletcher","doi":"10.17269/s41997-025-01041-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17269/s41997-025-01041-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Canadian Inuit children present more developmental vulnerabilities than other non-Indigenous children. Supporting the development of these children is therefore essential, especially in urban environments where the Inuit population is growing. This study aimed to identify the main resources used by Inuit families living in urban environments of southern Québec, (Canada) and to better understand their needs related to supporting the healthy development of their children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A descriptive qualitative study was conducted using semi-structured interviews with 13 self-identified Inuit parents of at least one child aged 0 to 18 living in southern Québec.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study revealed that urban Inuit families primarily require support to meet their basic needs, ensure a safe family environment, promote their children's health, education, and socialization, foster the transmission of Inuit cultural and linguistic heritage, and, finally, enhance access to a culturally safe social environment. The study also revealed that despite living closer to a variety of resources intended to support their children's healthy development, families encounter significant barriers in accessing these resources. Moreover, families have specific needs that are often not adequately addressed by the resources currently available.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study highlighted that the needs of Inuit families extend well beyond support for skills acquisition in the various developmental domains. Supporting the healthy development of Inuit children therefore requires a coherent and intensive response to families' most urgent needs. In the light of such findings, there is a clear need to improve access to existing resources, as well as to develop Inuit-led services that are adapted to realities and specific needs of the families.</p>","PeriodicalId":51407,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Public Health-Revue Canadienne De Sante Publique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144259361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A call for upstream solutions to the unregulated drug crisis in British Columbia, Canada: Locked up or locked out.","authors":"Angela Russolillo","doi":"10.17269/s41997-025-01065-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17269/s41997-025-01065-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The unregulated drug crisis has raised growing concerns about the care and treatment of people experiencing complex mental health and substance use issues in British Columbia (BC). The BC government's recent plans for expansion of involuntary treatment across the province demonstrate a misguided understanding of mental health and substance use disorders. Relying on involuntary treatment as a primary response to this public health issue raises several ethical and clinical concerns. With the majority of evidence on involuntary treatment demonstrating limited effectiveness, and potential for increased harms, alternative evidence-based approaches are urgently needed. Addressing this public health challenge requires a shift away from involuntary treatment to person-centered, voluntary, integrated, and community-based solutions that address the social determinants of health. This commentary will review the limitations, clinical challenges, and policy alternatives to involuntary treatment of adults with substance use disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":51407,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Public Health-Revue Canadienne De Sante Publique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144250829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Northwest Territories illicit drug trade and toxic drug crisis response.","authors":"Kami Kandola, Samantha Thomas","doi":"10.17269/s41997-025-01051-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17269/s41997-025-01051-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Setting: </strong>The Northwest Territories (NWT) is a sparsely populated, predominantly Indigenous, northern jurisdiction with 33 communities scattered over 1.2 million square kilometres. Though the NWT has seen a delay in the effects of the larger opioid-related epidemic that Canada has been experiencing for years, organized criminals are now seeing NWT as an untapped market to exploit for higher profits. This article highlights our northern context and innovative response to the toxic drug crisis through describing harm reduction interventions such as community-informed education, coordinated early warning efforts, and community collaboration.</p><p><strong>Interventions: </strong>Interventions prompted by the 2022 cluster of deaths: • The NWT Chief Public Health Officer set up an early warning system among first responders, while working together with intergovernmental partners. The warnings received from first responders resulted in 13 out of 15 of the NWT substance-related public health advisories since 2020 (GNWT, 2024b). • Initial responses to overdose clusters and community conversations have informed numerous community/regional presentations to residents, non-government agencies, and government stakeholders. • Additional harm reduction supplies were distributed, including 2000 naloxone kits (outside of what pharmacies/health authorities already provide) and 1590 fentanyl testing strips. • Community learning has led to the development of educational materials such as \"Drugs in the NWT\" (GNWT, 2025  https://www.hss.gov.nt.ca/en/services/drugs-nwt ) that can further be used by community to inform discussions from within. • In October 2024, the addition of the Randox MultiSTAT Analyzer ( https://www.randoxtoxicology.com/post-mortem-toxicology/ ) allowed for rapid toxicology screening in the morgue by the Office of the Chief Coroner (GNWT, 2024a). • Testing for illegal drugs in the wastewater surveillance program is now captured on the Canadian Drug and Substance Watch (CDSW) ( https://health-infobase.canada.ca/canadian-drug-and-substance-watch/ ) website.</p><p><strong>Outcomes/implications: </strong>Innovative interventions paired with community calls to action are allowing the NWT to tackle the toxic drug crisis from multiple angles in the hopes of saving lives.</p>","PeriodicalId":51407,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Public Health-Revue Canadienne De Sante Publique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144250832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}