Journal of Business Venturing最新文献

{"title":"Feeding the hype cycle: Entrepreneurial swagger, passion, and inflated expectations","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jbusvent.2024.106432","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbusvent.2024.106432","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hype occurs when expectations exceed reality. For founders promoting innovative technologies, hype often attracts the resources necessary to grow a new venture. Hype is gaining prominence in entrepreneurship literature, and it is understood that many entrepreneurs jumpstart their ventures by promoting optimistic, future projections to entice stakeholders. Unfortunately, little is known about how skilled cultural founders generate hype to attract stakeholders. In our study, we examine how founders function as “skilled cultural operatives” to positively manipulate the emergence of hype. We conduct an experiment on 148 members of the media, and we find support for our theorizing in that founders who display their entrepreneurial abilities (swagger) combined with an authentic emotional commitment to the venture (passion), it increases media expectations (hype).</p></div><div><h3>Executive summary</h3><p>For the founders of innovative technologies, hype is not just beneficial, it is a strategic necessity. Hype is characterized by an overinflated interest in emerging technologies where future expectations outweigh current capabilities. It serves as a magnet for essential resources such as funding and customer interest. This dynamic, albeit critical, is often misunderstood and underestimated, in particular as regards the founder's role in its development. It is therefore of paramount importance to unravel the nuances of how founders contribute to the creation of hype.</p><p>This study explores founders as “skilled cultural operatives,” adept at using their cultural toolkit through sensegiving to inflate media expectations, thereby creating hype. Sensegiving in entrepreneurship involves a mix of verbal and non-verbal cues to communicate, clarify, and justify new technology. It is particularly important if there are no historical references or industry standards. The study posits that effective sensegiving through metaphorical reasoning, in which founders display their confidence and passion in a highly visible and expressive way, is key to generating media attention to generate hype.</p><p>In the present study, the concept of “swagger” emerged as a critical sensegiving mechanism. Defined as a conspicuous display of confidence through various expressions, swagger is a tool for founders to project their abilities and attract media coverage. However, this swagger, even if it attracts attention, may initially be perceived negatively, as a mere showmanship without substance. This research provides a nuanced understanding of this perception and shows that if swagger is infused with genuine passion, it transforms into a powerful catalyst for generating hype.</p><p>Conclusively, this study enriches the literature on hype cycles, moving beyond mere descriptions to a deeper understanding of how founders generate hype. By introducing and operationalizing the concept of entrepreneurial swagger, this study expands the range of sensegiving strategies available","PeriodicalId":51348,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Business Venturing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141984852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trouble brewing: Craft ventures during market disruption","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jbusvent.2024.106433","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbusvent.2024.106433","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Prior studies of craft-based categories have emphasized member ventures' prototypical features of smallness and innovativeness, collaboration and cohesiveness norms, and a perception of shared fate forging their strong oppositional identity vis-a-vis industrialized producers. However, our study of craft breweries reveals the potential pitfalls of rigidly adhering to these features and norms during market disruptions. As consumer behaviors changed during the COVID-19 crisis, smallness and innovativeness became liabilities while scale and familiarity became indispensable, favoring larger breweries over prototypical members. This shift exposed hidden divisions within the category, challenging long-held beliefs in shared fate and entrenching heterogeneity among members. The consequent realignment within the category demonstrates how market disruptions can reshape craft-based ventures and categories. Our study advances a theoretical understanding of the dynamic nature of prototypical features and norms: An adherence to category prototypes can become a source of vulnerability during times of significant upheaval.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51348,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Business Venturing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141909653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Journal of business venturing 2023 year in review: The year of the whole-person entrepreneur","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jbusvent.2024.106434","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbusvent.2024.106434","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This editorial reflects on a strong recurring theme noticed when evaluating the JBV publications of 2023 (Volume 38, Issues 1–6) for the annual best paper award. We refer to this theme as “whole-person entrepreneurship”, i.e., how does the who of entrepreneurship shape the what of entrepreneurship. It consists of articles that sought an understanding of entrepreneurs as children, mothers, spouses, religious believers, political beings, hobbyists, victims, and community-members. These articles revealed how an understanding of who “else” entrepreneurs are (other than some role or function) had much to teach about what entrepreneurs do as well as how, why, where, and when they do it. In the following editorial, we offer some evidence for this observation, provide explanation for how the field may have arrived at this “humanistic turn”, and articulate some ways in which it this humanistic turn might shape scholarship in entrepreneurship going forward.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51348,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Business Venturing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141963776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Labor market reform as an external enabler of high-growth entrepreneurship: A multi-level institutional contingency perspective","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jbusvent.2024.106428","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbusvent.2024.106428","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We investigate the impact of friction-reducing labor market reforms on regional high-growth entrepreneurship (HGE) through the effects of reduced legal enforceability of noncompete agreements (NCAs). We draw on new institutional economic theory and the external enablement framework, with insights from the theory of market-preserving federalism, to explore how these reforms enable (disable) HGE within the context of other, concurrent institutional changes at different governance levels. We assemble a novel multi-level longitudinal dataset and employ staggered difference-in-differences estimation to assess causal effects. Our findings suggest that while reducing the enforceability of NCAs can foster regional HGE, the effectiveness of such reforms is heavily influenced by concurrent federal and local institutional changes. In sectors facing significant federal regulatory expansion, the benefits brought by the reduction of NCA enforceability are negated. However, local pro-market institutional changes can counteract the disabling effects of federal regulatory expansion. This highlights the need to consider how the evolving institutional environment influences potential enablers of HGE, cautioning against claims that these labor market reforms (or other exogenous environmental changes) universally yield positive entrepreneurship outcomes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51348,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Business Venturing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141909654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Linking anxiety to passion: Emotion regulation and entrepreneurs' pitch performance","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jbusvent.2024.106421","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbusvent.2024.106421","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We investigate a strategy entrepreneurs can use to manage their emotions prior to pitching: <em>linking anxiety to passion</em>. We theorize that internally acknowledging anxiety and interpreting it as a reflection of one's passion for the venture can make passionate feelings salient, facilitate expressions of passion during pitches, and increase judges' evaluations of pitch performance. A field study and a randomized experiment support the theory, offering insights for how entrepreneurs can mentally reframe their seemingly detrimental emotional experiences for beneficial outcomes. More broadly, this work demonstrates the utility of fostering beneficial emotions rather than just alleviating negative ones.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51348,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Business Venturing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141637221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organizational scaling, scalability, and scale-up: Definitional harmonization and a research agenda","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jbusvent.2024.106419","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbusvent.2024.106419","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The concepts of ‘scaling,’ ‘scalability,’ and ‘scale-up’ are increasingly used in business research and practice. However, the literature reveals a range of definitions for each, and often, their meanings are only implied. This diminishes the ability to build cumulative and meaningful insight - and conduct research - on each concept. In this editorial, we offer a systematic review that assesses and harmonizes prior definitions of these important concepts. This allows us to define and differentiate between (a) scaling as an organizational process, (b) scalability as an ordinary organizational capability, and (c) scale-up as a phase of organizational development. Complementing and extending existing scholarly work, we develop a rich agenda for scaling-related research in entrepreneurship.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51348,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Business Venturing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0883902624000417/pdfft?md5=67e3dd41502d028f5bf9f3f586c260f7&pid=1-s2.0-S0883902624000417-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141630076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Internet and the gender gap in entrepreneurship: Evidence from China","authors":"Xiaoyan Sun ,&nbsp;Waverly Ding ,&nbsp;Xuanli Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.jbusvent.2024.106417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2024.106417","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Internet has transformed economic activities in many important ways over the past two decades. This study examines the role of the Internet in narrowing the gender gap in entrepreneurship. Building on the assumptions that the Internet facilitates information transmission and breaks down information barriers for aspiring entrepreneurs, the study hypothesizes that (a) the Internet narrows the gender gap in the probability of entrepreneurship, and (b) the gender gap–mitigating effect of the Internet is stronger for the more disadvantaged members of society. These hypotheses are tested with six waves of data from the China Family Panel Studies, a nationally representative longitudinal survey series from 2010 to 2020. Empirical evidence based on the analysis of 25,177 individuals confirms that Internet use is associated with a narrower gender gap in entrepreneurship. In addition, the gender gap–mitigating effect of the Internet is stronger for less educated individuals and those who live in regions with a lower level of gender equality. The gender gap–mitigating effect of the Internet is also stronger for informal (rather than formal) entrepreneurship. The Internet appears to have a democratizing effect by facilitating entrepreneurship among the more socially and economically disadvantaged subsets of society.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51348,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Business Venturing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141542844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aging and entrepreneurs' emotional exhaustion: The role of entrepreneurial strategy, psychological capital, and felt age gap","authors":"Ewald Kibler ,&nbsp;Charlotta Sirén ,&nbsp;Daniela Maresch ,&nbsp;Virva Salmivaara ,&nbsp;Matthias Fink","doi":"10.1016/j.jbusvent.2024.106418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2024.106418","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, we draw from the theory of social and emotional aging to examine the mechanisms of age-related emotional exhaustion among entrepreneurs. Based on longitudinal data from a sample of 840 entrepreneurs in four European countries, our study shows that, with increasing biological age, entrepreneurs experience less emotional exhaustion due to their enhanced psychological capital and because they apply less entrepreneurial strategies which focus on the creation of new market opportunities and the development of new products and services. In addition, we highlight the still under-explored role of entrepreneurs' felt age gap by demonstrating that, among the same age-group, individuals who feel younger than their biological age gain well-being benefits because they possess higher levels of psychological capital and become less exhausted from the application of entrepreneurial strategies. In conclusion, our study offers two significant contributions to the literature on entrepreneurial well-being. First, we introduce the concept of the ‘Hebe Effect in entrepreneurship’, named after the Greek goddess of youth, which demonstrates how feeling younger than one's biological age acts as a buffer against stress and protects entrepreneurs from the strains of entrepreneurship. Second, we deepen understandings of how entrepreneurs' strategic choices evolve over their lifespan and influence their personal well-being. These insights also carry practical implications for aging societies that promote entrepreneurship across individuals' lifespans.</p></div><div><h3>Executive summary</h3><p>This study addresses a critical gap in the entrepreneurship literature on aging and well-being by examining how age influences emotional exhaustion among entrepreneurs. Despite significant research conducted on aging and entrepreneurship, studies have yet to explore the interplay between biological age, subjective age, and emotional exhaustion. Furthermore, the manner in which entrepreneurs subject themselves to, and protect themselves from, emotional exhaustion across their lifespans remains severely underexplored. This lacuna is particularly striking given global trends of increased life expectancy, the burgeoning number of older individuals engaging in entrepreneurship, and the risks posed by emotional exhaustion to entrepreneurial efforts and individuals' lives, as well as the societal costs related thereto.</p><p>By using the theory of social and emotional aging (SEA), we investigate how biological age and subjective age impact entrepreneurs' emotional exhaustion. Our longitudinal study, based on data from 840 entrepreneurs across four European countries, reveals that older entrepreneurs experience less emotional exhaustion than their younger peers. This is due to their increased psychological capital and reduced engagement in strategies focused on new market opportunities and product development. Additionally, entrepreneurs who subjectively feel younger tha","PeriodicalId":51348,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Business Venturing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0883902624000405/pdfft?md5=718072abe44b97fe1f9df7afc4935cd9&pid=1-s2.0-S0883902624000405-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141444219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The entrepreneurship of marginalized groups and compatibility between the market and emancipation","authors":"Alexander C. Lewis ,&nbsp;Rowena C. Crabbe","doi":"10.1016/j.jbusvent.2024.106408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2024.106408","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper offers a market-compatible perspective of the emancipatory entrepreneurship of marginalized groups. We identify two dimensions of market-emancipation compatibility that derive from tensions inherent in the emancipatory entrepreneurship of marginalized groups. Ends-compatibility reflects the misalignment of emancipatory outcomes with market outcomes. Means-compatibility reflects the constraint entrepreneurs from marginalized groups encounter in market structures. We engage with these tensions in the context of the businesses, processes, and products that emerge from the entrepreneurship of marginalized groups. We use these tensions to derive propositions that speak to the likelihood emancipatory opportunities develop and that these opportunities are exploited by marginalized groups. With these propositions, we contribute to debates about entrepreneurship's overall emancipatory capacity. Specifically, we contribute a conceptual space in which the market forces that structure entrepreneurial activity and the material realities of venturing from marginalized social positions are incorporated into theorizing and testing entrepreneurship's capacity to enable marginalized groups with respect to structural disadvantage.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51348,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Business Venturing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141244616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The needle of charisma and the threads of trust: Advancing effectuation theory's crazy quilt principle","authors":"Tanurima Dutta ,&nbsp;Mark D. Packard","doi":"10.1016/j.jbusvent.2024.106409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2024.106409","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Effectuation theory posits that the accrual of disparate resources from various stakeholders is key to opening up transformational opportunities to the effectual venture. Here we aim to theoretically unravel the social exchange processes of the ‘effectual ask’—petitioning resource pre-commitments—pertaining to the so-called ‘crazy quilt’ principle. To do so, we introduce and integrate into effectuation theory's foundational mechanics key insights from social exchange theory (SET), which sees social interactions as mutually beneficial ‘exchanges.’ Revisiting a prior debate, we theorize on the different types of trust, how they distinctly influence the entrepreneurship process (particularly in obtaining resource pre-commitments), and how they are built over time. We also introduce charisma as a key factor in the trust-building process, distinguishing two types of charisma—causal and effectual—as individual-level mechanisms for enabling different types of stakeholder trust and commitment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51348,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Business Venturing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141244617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}