Child Abuse & Neglect最新文献

{"title":"Case reports unlocked: Leveraging retrieval-augmented generation with large language models to advance research on psychological child maltreatment","authors":"Dragan Stoll , Andreas Jud , Samuel Wehrli , David Lätsch , Selina Steinmann , Meret Sophie Wallimann , Julia Quehenberger","doi":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107653","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107653","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Research on psychological child maltreatment is impeded by a lack of high-quality structured data. Crucial information is often documented in child protective services (CPS) case files, but only in narrative form. Recent research on the utilization of retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) methods with large language models (LLMs) for extracting structured data from narratives has demonstrated significant potential. RAG methods can facilitate automated classification, thereby eliminating the need for laborious annotation.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>We aimed to extract structured data from narrative casework reports by utilizing RAG and LLMs to classify mentions of 24 CPS case factors. These factors encompass child maltreatment indicators, risk factors associated with parental, family, and child characteristics, CPS interventions, and their outcomes. We focused on examining the extraction of psychological abuse due to its complex nature and difficulty in assessing this phenomenon. The results were compared with parental lack of cooperation, a factor with a presumed medium level of recognition difficulty, and a more straightforward factor of parental alcohol abuse.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We developed a four-stage workflow comprising of (1) case reports collection, (2) RAG based assessment of case factor mentions, (3) automated extraction of case factors from RAG assessments, and (4) case labeling. All CPS reports (<em>N</em> = 29,770) between 2008 and 2022 from Switzerland's largest CPS provider were collected. Model performance was evaluated compared against human-coded validation data on assessments. Two expert human reviewers independently classified weighted random samples of reports to validate the findings from which a consensus dataset was derived.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The model classified psychological abuse, lack of parental cooperation and parental alcohol abuse compared to a consensus dataset, with an accuracy of 82 %, 83 %, and 95 %, respectively, surpassing the agreement rates between the two human reviewers (79 %, 80 %, and 93 %).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>RAG based assessment can replicate human judgment even on complex CPS case factors. High accuracy and complete inter-rater agreement level was achieved for factors that are straightforward to classify, such as parental alcohol abuse. The effectiveness of these methods stems from the presence of contextual clues related to case factors within a few sentences across different sections of the text, rather than from characteristics inherent to the entire text. For case factors such as parental lack of cooperation, both supporting and refuting evidence needs to be assessed to achieve optimal accuracy. Careful consideration of potential biases and limitations in RAG methods is advised. These applications can serve as early warning systems, by identifying critical factors from extensive case notes that migh","PeriodicalId":51343,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse & Neglect","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 107653"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144917590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring child abuse and neglect responses: Qualitative insights from oral health practitioners in Aotearoa New Zealand","authors":"Heuiwon Han ,&nbsp;Jane Koziol-McLain ,&nbsp;Samuel D. Carrington ,&nbsp;Amanda B. Lees ,&nbsp;Zac Morse","doi":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107655","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107655","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Child abuse and neglect (CAN) remain significant concerns in Aotearoa New Zealand (NZ), with persistent inequities affecting indigenous Māori communities. Oral health practitioners (OHPs) are uniquely positioned to support CAN prevention and response through regular interactions with children via national dental care programs.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To explore the experiences and perspectives of OHPs in CAN prevention, identification, and response, and identify actionable strategies to enhance their responsiveness across dental settings.</div></div><div><h3>Participants and setting</h3><div>Twenty-one OHPs, including oral health therapists, dental therapists, dentists, dental specialists, and community oral health service managers, were recruited from diverse geographic regions and dental settings, including community clinics, private practices and school-based clinics.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A qualitative design was used, involving twelve semi-structured interviews and two focus groups conducted between August 2023 and August 2024. Reflective thematic analysis was conducted to ensure a deep, contextual understanding of participants' insights.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Four themes were generated: opportunities to build relationships with families, needs for cultural and systemic awareness, collaborative approaches to child protection, and creating safer and more supportive practice environments. Two sub-themes emphasized the need for context-specific and straightforward guidelines and active workforce development in child protection.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>OHPs' responses to CAN varied depending on access to training, organizational support, and contextual factors. Enhancing culturally safe, interdisciplinary training and establishing accessible, practical guidance are key strategies to support OHPs' protective role. Policy reform should prioritize these supports to ensure better outcomes for children and their families.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51343,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse & Neglect","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 107655"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144908324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between adverse childhood experiences and unintended pregnancy: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Xiaoxue Li ,&nbsp;Boran Yang ,&nbsp;Lirong Nie ,&nbsp;Ziyang Ren ,&nbsp;Yuchun Sun ,&nbsp;Jufen Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107642","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107642","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>At present, the research results on the relationship between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and unplanned pregnancy (UP) are inconsistent, likely due to variations in sample characteristics and measurement methods.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To comprehensively evaluate the strength of the association between different subtypes of ACEs and UP, as well as the cumulative effects of these experiences on UP, a meta-analysis was conducted.</div></div><div><h3>Participants and setting</h3><div>This present meta-analysis included 16 studies with 151,089 participants.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Five English and three Chinese databases were searched on empirical studies that reported the association between ACEs and UP. This study employed Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) tools for quality assessment. Effect sizes were pooled using random/fixed-effects models per heterogeneity results. Sensitivity/subgroup analyses addressed heterogeneity, while dose-response curves evaluated ACEs cumulative effects. Publication bias was examined via funnel plots and Egger's test.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>ACEs significantly increased UP odds (OR = 1.57, 95 %CI:1.35–1.83) with a dose-response pattern: each additional ACE raised odds by 31.8 %, reaching 73.9 % (2.5 ACEs) and 144.3 % (4 ACEs). Sexual abuse showed strongest association (OR = 1.45, 95 %CI:1.23–1.70) versus physical and psychological abuse. Geographically, Africa exhibited the highest odds, with Asia, Europe and North America following in descending order. LI countries demonstrated markedly elevated odds(OR = 2.92, 95 % CI: 1.87–4.55) compared to HI nations (OR = 1.36, 95 %CI:1.29–1.44).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>ACEs exhibited a significant dose-response relationship with UP odds, with variations across geographic regions and economic groups. These findings highlight the need for early, integrated interventions combining child protection, mental health, and reproductive care to reduce long-term health impacts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51343,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse & Neglect","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 107642"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144908605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of the data quality framework to administrative data on child maltreatment","authors":"Yutian Thompson ,&nbsp;Yaqi Li ,&nbsp;Ziho Kang ,&nbsp;Michelle Miller ,&nbsp;Rhonda Wurgler ,&nbsp;Jane Silovsky","doi":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107646","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107646","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The absence of knowledge regarding the quality of child maltreatment administrative data poses significant risks to the validity of field research findings, hinders research reproducibility, and increases the potential for overgeneralized results.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To provide a scientific framework for systematically and computationally assessing the quality of child maltreatment administrative data.</div></div><div><h3>Participants and setting</h3><div>To test the data quality examination approach, data from a child maltreatment database subscription service utilized between 2000 and 2023, including maltreatment records from 393 child and victim advocacy programs across 45 states and Washington, D.C. in U.S.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Four core dimensions of data quality (accuracy, consistency, completeness and timeliness) were measured through quantified data quality metrics. Further statistical analyses examined the relationship between data quality and geographic locations.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Moderate to good overall data quality was found, with significant variation across agencies. Some exhibited exceptionally high data quality, and geographic location was associated with variation in data quality.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study is the first to comprehensively evaluate the data quality of a nationwide database on child maltreatment, offering a valuable scientific reference for future research applying this framework to assess the quality of administrative data.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51343,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse & Neglect","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 107646"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144908603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geospatial variation of CPS reports involving school-aged children by reporter type","authors":"Rebecca Rebbe ,&nbsp;Andrea Lane Eastman ,&nbsp;John Prindle ,&nbsp;David Ansong","doi":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107649","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107649","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Child protective services (CPS) rely on referrals of child maltreatment to address abuse and neglect. CPS referral rates vary geographically in the type of maltreatment reported and community characteristics.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study examined the relationship between CPS referral rates and community characteristics, based on reporter type and geography. We investigated (a) the relationship between CPS referral rates and community-level characteristics, including how these relationships vary by reporter type; and (b) the relationships between community-level characteristics and CPS referral rates across geographic areas.</div></div><div><h3>Participants and setting</h3><div>The study used statewide data from California on CPS referrals for children aged 5 years or older from 2018 to 2022.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Referrals were geocoded to census tracts based on the family's address. Regression models were run for each reporter type, using referral rate as the outcome and community-level social determinants of health indicators from the Healthy Places Index (economic, education, health insurance, clean environment, housing, neighborhood conditions, social, transportation, racial composition, and urbanicity). Geographically weighted regression was used to examine spatial heterogeneity.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Referral rates had different relationships with community-level characteristics by reporter type. Spatial heterogeneity was identified by community characteristics and reporter type. Variations occurred in magnitude, direction, and statistical significance.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>CPS referral rates varied by community characteristics depending on the referral source and geographic area. These findings suggest that prevention and intervention programs may not be universally effective across communities and regions, highlighting the importance of considering spatial variability when developing and providing such services.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51343,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse & Neglect","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 107649"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144902171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The push and pull of closeness: Dyadic parent-offspring intimacy in the shadow of parental history of child maltreatment","authors":"Ada Talmon ,&nbsp;Giora Ashkenazi ,&nbsp;Yael Hollander ,&nbsp;Noga Tsur","doi":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107648","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107648","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Parental history of child maltreatment (CM) may affect perceived parent-child closeness. However, past research often examines this from either the parent's or child's perspective alone. This study uses an intimacy framework to explore the dyadic nature of perceived closeness in parent-child relationships involving CM.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>We examine the links between CM exposure and three outcomes: perceived parental intimacy with young adults, offspring's perceived intimacy with parents, and perception discrepancies. We also explore posttraumatic stress PTS, disturbances in self-organization DSO, anxious attachment, and avoidant attachment as potential underlying mechanisms.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>452 parent-offspring dyads completed self-reported questionnaires assessing CM, CPTSD symptoms (PTS and DSO), attachment, and intimacy.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>CM had mixed effects on intimacy perceptions. For parents, CM was linked to lower perceived intimacy via PTS (indirect effect = −0.48; p &lt; 0.05) but higher via DSO (indirect effect = 0.09; p &lt; 0.01). For offspring, CM was positively associated with perceived intimacy via DSO (indirect effect = 0.077; p &lt; 0.05) but negatively through avoidant attachment (indirect effect = −0.087; p &lt; 0.01). Regarding intimacy discrepancy, parental CM was negatively associated through PTS (indirect effect = −0.049; p &lt; 0.01) and positively through anxious attachment (indirect effect = 0.029; p &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our findings suggest CM history influences parent-child intimacy via complex paths, with PTS and DSO having opposite effects. Attachment styles are key mediators in these cross-generational processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51343,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse & Neglect","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 107648"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144895253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of a positive discipline program on parenting outcomes","authors":"Elisa Romano,&nbsp;Ece Yilmaz","doi":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107652","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107652","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Parental use of punishment remains a significant concern considering its prevalence and negative impacts on children's well-being. Positive Discipline in Everyday Parenting (PDEP) is a group-based program aimed at helping parents shift away from the use of punitive parenting practices toward positive discipline.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This quasi-experimental PDEP evaluation examined self-reported parenting practices in a Canadian sample of 183 parents of children aged 2–6 years.</div></div><div><h3>Participants and setting</h3><div>There were 101 parents in the experimental condition, and 82 parents in the wait-list comparison group.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data were collected as part of a larger Canadian project spanning five data collection cycles (2018–2019 until 2023–2024) and gathered information on PDEP outcomes through a variety of methods.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Compared with the wait-list group, parents who completed PDEP reported a statistically significant decrease in physical punishment use (e.g., spanking) and emotional punishment (e.g., making child sit alone in corner or another room; taking away an activity), and an increase in proactive parenting (e.g., preparing child for an activity; explaining the reason for a request) from pre- to post-program and from pre-program to 1-month follow-up. The findings represented small (emotional punishment) and large (physical punishment, proactive parenting) effect sizes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This first experimental evaluation of PDEP, which is fundamentally different from behavior management interventions, indicates that the program was effective in reducing parental use of punishment-based practices and increasing proactive parenting. Additional research is warranted that uses a fully randomized design and that examines parenting effects in ways that complement self-report measures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51343,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse & Neglect","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 107652"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144902170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the role of caregiver factors on ACE changes between male and female adolescents in Kinshasa, DRC: A five-wave linked longitudinal panel study","authors":"Astha Ramaiya ,&nbsp;Aimée Lulebo ,&nbsp;Eric Mafuta ,&nbsp;Gayatri Malhotra ,&nbsp;Caroline Moreau ,&nbsp;Sabrina Page ,&nbsp;Bushra Sabri ,&nbsp;Hanna George ,&nbsp;Samuel Beckwith ,&nbsp;Jhumka Gupta ,&nbsp;Mahboubeh Shirzad ,&nbsp;Mengmeng Li","doi":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107645","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107645","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) are traumatic events occurring from ages 0–17 with adolescence a particularly vulnerable period for increased ACEs exposure.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study examines the role of caregivers in shaping ACE changes over time and how these influences differ by sex.</div></div><div><h3>Participants &amp; setting</h3><div>Data were drawn from 1450 adolescents (1083 in-school, 367 out-of-school) in two under-resourced communes of Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo. Adolescents were aged 10–14 at baseline (2017) and followed through 2022.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>ACEs were assessed by count (0,1,2,3,4+) and type (emotional, physical, sexual, witnessing domestic violence, household dysfunction) at Waves 1 (W1) and 5 (W5). Three caregiver factors from Wave 1 were included as confounders/effect modifiers. Weighted, ordered logistic regression and generalized estimating equations analyzed associations, stratified by gender.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There was a significant change in ACEs between W1 and W5 (OR: 0.4, 95 % CI: 0.4–0.5). For males, caregiver closeness during W1 protected against physical maltreatment during W5 (OR: 0.7, 95 % CI: 0.6–0.99), and caregiver comfort during W1 was protective for domestic violence exposure during W5 (OR: 0.6, 95 % CI: 0.4–0.9). Additionally, lower caregiver monitoring at W1 was associated with greater ACEs change during W5 compared to higher caregiver monitoring. For females, caregiver comfort protected against household disruption (OR: 0.7, 95 % CI: 0.6–0.97).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>There was reduced odds of experiencing ACEs during W5 relative to W1, with caregiver factors playing a key role. Gender-stratified analyses highlight the need for tailored, strengths-based family interventions to mitigate ACEs and support adolescent well-being.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51343,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse & Neglect","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 107645"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144902146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond neonaticide: A forensic typology of suspicious perinatal deaths in South Korea (2015–2021)","authors":"KyuHee Jung ,&nbsp;Heesong Kim ,&nbsp;Kyung-moo Yang ,&nbsp;Inseok Choi ,&nbsp;Jae-hong Park ,&nbsp;Sohyung Park ,&nbsp;Sookyoung Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107654","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107654","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and objective</h3><div>Crisis pregnancies can lead to a spectrum of fatal outcomes, yet traditional research, focused narrowly on neonaticide and constrained by the “born-alive principle,” often overlooks concealed stillbirths and forensically ambiguous cases. This study applies the broader framework of Suspicious Perinatal Death (SPD) to a national South Korean forensic dataset (2015–2021) to identify epidemiological patterns and empirical typologies during a period of significant sociopolitical change.</div></div><div><h3>Participants and setting</h3><div>From all perinatal autopsies (N = 230) at South Korea's National Forensic Service, 138 cases met criteria for SPD (fetal death ≥24 gestation or neonatal death within ≤24 h under suspicious circumstances).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this retrospective study, 64 variables were coded from forensic and investigative records. After feature selection (Boruta algorithm) and outlier removal, Partitioning Around Medods (PAM) cluster analysis on 132 cases was used to derive typologies.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Three distinct typologies emerged: ‘Adolescent-Dependent’ (n = 42, 31.8 %), ‘Isolated Single-Mother’ (n = 36, 27.3 %), and ‘Socially Vulnerable-External Discovery’ (n = 54, 40.9 %). A critical temporal trend was identified: confirmed neonaticide cases declined by 91.7 %, while non‑neonaticide SPD cases (e.g., induced stillbirths) increased by 150 %. Live birth status remained forensically indeterminate in 29.0 % of cases.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The SPD framework reveals that perinatal deaths in South Korea are not simply decreasing but are transforming in method, influenced by shifting legal and medical landscapes. The identification of distinct, evidence-based typologies underscores the need for a paradigm shift from punitive responses toward tailored, preventive public health interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51343,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse & Neglect","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 107654"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144895252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Child welfare outcomes among children with and without Nurse-Family Partnership: A propensity score matched assessment in Florida from 2010 to 2023","authors":"James Kaferly ,&nbsp;Gregory Tung ,&nbsp;Laura Helmkamp ,&nbsp;Michael Knudtson ,&nbsp;Natalie Murphy ,&nbsp;Mandy A. Allison","doi":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107631","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107631","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Evidence from Nurse-Family Partnership (NFP) indicates home visiting programs prevent child maltreatment. Widely implemented among diverse populations at risk for child welfare involvement, programs' effectiveness on child welfare outcomes is limited.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To examine child welfare outcomes following a maltreatment report among NFP and comparison children.</div></div><div><h3>Participants and setting</h3><div>First born children of 38,257 primiparous persons in Florida between January 1, 2010 and September 7, 2023.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We linked Florida NFP, birth certificate and child welfare datasets. Using multivariable logistic regression, we created propensity scores for NFP participation by dyad sociodemographic characteristics: age; race; ethnicity; birthplace; education level; marital status; prenatal care; insurance and child's birth year and county. After matching, we estimated program effects on investigations, verifications, removals, kinship placement, family permanency and termination of parental rights (TPR) for the two cohorts of children reported to child welfare using generalized linear mixed models.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We identified 1597 NFP and 6392 comparison children with a report. NFP children had significantly greater odds of reports (Odds Ratio [OR] 1.33, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 1.24–1.41) but not investigations (OR 0.91, CI 0.79–1.05), verification (OR 1.06, CI 0.92–1.21), removal (OR 0.99, CI 0.78–1.24), kinship placement (OR 1.21, CI 0.78–1.88), familial permanency (OR 0.71, CI 0.48–1.04) or TPR (OR 1.24, CI 0.62–2.48).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>While post-report child welfare outcomes did not differ between NFP and comparison children, future research should increase sample sizes to detect potentially small but significant program effects and develop approaches to account for child welfare policy and practice heterogeneity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51343,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse & Neglect","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 107631"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144892246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}