Child Abuse & Neglect最新文献

{"title":"Availability of community resources reduces the association among community violence exposure, negative emotionality, and substance use disorders","authors":"Jordyn R. Ricard,&nbsp;Jennifer A. Richeson,&nbsp;Arielle Baskin-Sommers","doi":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2024.107226","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2024.107226","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Exposure to community violence is associated with increased occurrence of substance use disorders (SUD). The self-medication hypothesis states that heightened negative emotionality may underlie the link between exposure to community violence and SUD. However, it is not well-understood if access to community resources, a broader public health approach, influences the purported psychological mechanisms underlying the link between community violence exposure and SUD.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>We examined whether negative emotionality mediates the association between youth-onset community violence exposure and having a SUD and whether community resources (i.e., density of social services, health care services, healthy food) moderate the relationship between negative emotionality and having a SUD.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Moderated mediation analyses were used to test the indirect effect of negative emotionality and the moderating role of community resources on the association between negative emotionality and having a SUD.</div></div><div><h3>Participants and Setting</h3><div>A sample of 376 participants was collected from New Haven (ages 18–73, 45.7% Black, 44.1% White, 7.6% Hispanic).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There was a significant indirect effect of negative emotionality on the association between youth-onset community violence and having a substance use disorder (indirect effect = 0.22, <em>SE</em> = 0.07, <em>p</em> = .001, 95 % CI [0.11, 0.38]; proportion mediated = 0.24). Further, increased density of community resources reduced the relationship between negative emotionality and having a substance use disorder (<em>β</em> = −0.23, <em>SE</em> = 0.07, <em>p</em> = .001, 95% CI<!--> <!-->[−0.36, −0.10]).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Increasing availability of community resources may play a role in alleviating the suffering resulting from violence exposure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51343,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse & Neglect","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 107226"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142928530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychological intimate partner violence, child witnessing of parental arguments, and emotional-behavioral outcomes in five-years old: The French ELFE cohort","authors":"Marion Bailhache ,&nbsp;Fabienne El-Khoury ,&nbsp;Olivier Leproux ,&nbsp;Eloi Chazelas ,&nbsp;Ramchandar Gomajee ,&nbsp;Judith Van Der Waerden ,&nbsp;Cédric Galera ,&nbsp;Marie Aline Charles ,&nbsp;Maria Melchior","doi":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2024.107185","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2024.107185","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Intimate partner violence (IPV) is associated with children's emotional and behavioral difficulties. Psychological-IPV (P-IPV) is most common, and occurs alone or along other forms of IPV. Little is known about the longitudinal course of P-IPV exposure and its consequences on children taking into account whether or not they are present during parental arguments.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To identify longitudinal trajectories of P-IPV from preconception through the child's second year of life and examine associations with children's emotional-behavioral outcomes at age five years, depending on the child's presence during parental arguments in the second year of life.</div></div><div><h3>Participants and setting</h3><div>Data from the nationally representative French birth cohort ELFE including children born in 2011 were used.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>P-IPV exposure was assessed before conception, during pregnancy, at two months and at two years postpartum. Parents completed the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) at five years. Group-based trajectory modelling was used to identify P-IPV trajectories. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to study the relationship between P-IPV trajectories and SDQ.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>9639 children were included. Five trajectories of exposure to P-IPV were identified: minimal (70.6 %), prenatal (10.0 %), increasing (6.4 %), decreasing (7.5 %), persistent (5.5 %). Persistent and decreasing P-IPV trajectories and frequent child presence during parental arguments were associated with children's increased odds of having abnormal total SDQ scores (OR 2.31 95 % CI 1.54–3.47; OR 1.64 95%CI: 1.11–2.43; OR 1.88 95%CI:1.17–3.02, respectively).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Early identification and consideration of children living in a home where IPV occurs could allow provision of timely and appropriate support.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51343,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse & Neglect","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 107185"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142803012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of longitudinal patterns of child maltreatment reports in the United States","authors":"Jamie Joseph ,&nbsp;Zhidi Luo ,&nbsp;Richard A. Epstein ,&nbsp;Kathy Gracey ,&nbsp;Tarah M. Kuhn ,&nbsp;Michael J. Cull ,&nbsp;Rameela Raman","doi":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2024.107223","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2024.107223","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Child maltreatment is a continuous and prevalent issue, and victims of maltreatment often suffer adverse effects well into adulthood. Since child maltreatment rates tend to be clustered geographically and temporally, intervention programs are best implemented at a local level, targeting local risk factors for sustained and effective reduction over time.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Quantifying geographic variation in child maltreatment rate trajectories can help states identify local risk factors to guide program development and resource allocation.</div></div><div><h3>Participants and setting</h3><div>National child maltreatment data from 2011 to 2020 from the National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System (NCANDS) was used to quantify child maltreatment rates (overall and substantiated) over time.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Latent trajectory analysis was conducted to identify groups of states in the United States that share distinct temporal patterns of child maltreatment rates. Child maltreatment data was linked to the American Community Survey data to obtain community-level characteristics.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Three groups of states with distinct child maltreatment trajectories were identified: 43 states with stable trajectory, 4 states with increasing number of reports over time, and 5 states with decreasing reports over time. Although states with a stable trajectory had some characteristics associated with higher socioeconomic status, such as lower percentage of families below poverty level, and lower percentage of unemployed laborers, there was not a consistent trend in socioeconomic characteristics between the three groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our results indicate there to be three groups of states with distinct child maltreatment trajectories, with majority of the states following a stable trajectory over time. There was not a consistent trend in socioeconomic characteristics between the three groups. While the results do not allow us to draw firm conclusions about socioeconomic characteristics associated with maltreatment trajectories, it does provide data-driven evidence for the existing assumption of a national average maltreatment trajectory.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51343,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse & Neglect","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 107223"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142900336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using supervised machine learning and ICD10 to identify non-accidental trauma in pediatric trauma patients in the Maryland Health Services Cost Review Commission dataset","authors":"Titus Hou ,&nbsp;Daniel An ,&nbsp;Caitlin W. Hicks ,&nbsp;Elliott Haut ,&nbsp;Isam W. Nasr","doi":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2024.107228","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2024.107228","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Identifying non-accidental trauma (NAT) in pediatric trauma patients is challenging. We developed a machine learning model that uses demographic characteristics and ICD10 codes to detect the first diagnosis of NAT.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analyzed data from the Maryland Health Services Cost Review Commission (2015–2020) for patients aged 0–19 years. Relevant ICD10 codes associated with NAT and trauma were identified. Health records preceding the patients' first trauma diagnosis were analyzed. Random forest models were built using covariates selected through penalized regularization. Models were developed for confirmed and suspected NAT. Data was divided into 80/20 split for model training and testing. We conducted analysis in R.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We analyzed 128,351 non-NAT trauma patients, 522 confirmed NAT patients, and 2128 suspected NAT patients totaling 364,217 encounters. Variable selection identified 55 covariates for confirmed NAT and 65 for suspected NAT for model development. These covariates were primarily musculoskeletal injuries of the head and extremities. Model testing results are summarized in Table 1.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our study uses machine learning to identify NAT within the pediatric trauma cohort. Analyzing ICD10 categories before the first traumatic diagnosis may allow for earlier detection of NAT. Additional research in building learning models with ICD10 codes is needed to better understand how clinician and billing biases may impact predictive models. Supervised machine learning can potentially augment clinical decision-making and enhance pediatric trauma care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51343,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse & Neglect","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 107228"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142973309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social functioning mediated the relationship between childhood emotional neglect and cognitive deficits in patients with schizophrenia","authors":"Maoxing Zhong ,&nbsp;Peng Cheng ,&nbsp;Zhening Liu,&nbsp;Feiwen Wang,&nbsp;Jie Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2024.107200","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2024.107200","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Childhood maltreatment is frequently reported to be associated with cognitive deficits in patients with schizophrenia, but research on the childhood neglect subtype in childhood maltreatment is limited.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study sets out from the impact of childhood neglect on cognitive impairment in schizophrenia, and explores the interrelationship of childhood neglect, social functioning, resilience, and cognitive functioning.</div></div><div><h3>Participants and setting</h3><div>Two-hundred and thirty-two patients who met the DSM-IV criteria for schizophrenia were recruited at the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale (SOFAS), Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), and Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST) were used to assess childhood emotional and physical neglect, social functioning, resilience, and cognitive functioning respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>The results indicate that (1) both emotional neglect (Spearman's <em>r</em> = −0.167, <em>p</em> = 0.015) and physical neglect (Spearman's <em>r</em> = −0.263, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) are associated with cognitive deficits in patients with schizophrenia; (2) social functioning partially mediated the cognitive impairment in schizophrenia that related to emotional neglect (βtotal = −0.15, SE = 0.07, 95 % CI: LL = -0.31 ~ UL = -0.03); (3) resilience is associated with emotional neglect (Spearman's <em>r</em> = −0.244, <em>p</em> = 0.002) and appears to be independent of cognitive impairment (Spearman's <em>r</em> = −0.006, <em>p</em> = 0.942).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Social functioning is a significant mediating factor between childhood emotional neglect and cognitive impairment in patients with schizophrenia. This suggests that interventions aimed at improving social functioning may help ameliorate cognitive deficits in patients with schizophrenia who have high levels of emotional neglect scores.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51343,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse & Neglect","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 107200"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142830886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case reports unlocked: Harnessing large language models to advance research on child maltreatment","authors":"Dragan Stoll ,&nbsp;Samuel Wehrli ,&nbsp;David Lätsch","doi":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2024.107202","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2024.107202","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Research on child protective services (CPS) is impeded by a lack of high-quality structured data. Crucial information on cases is often documented in case files, but only in narrative form. Researchers have applied automated language processing to extract structured data from these narratives, but this has been limited to classification tasks of fairly low complexity. Large language models (LLMs) may work for more challenging tasks.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>We aimed to extract structured data from narrative casework reports by applying LLMs to distinguish between different subtypes of violence: child sexual abuse, child physical abuse, a child witnessing domestic violence, and a child being physically aggressive.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We developed a four-stage pipeline comprising of (1) text segmentation, (2) text segment classification, and subsequent labeling of (3) casework reports, and (4) cases. All CPS reports (<em>N</em> = 29,770) between 2008 and 2022 from Switzerland's largest CPS provider were collected. 28,223 text segments were extracted based on pre-defined keywords. Two human reviewers annotated random samples of text segments and reports for training and validation. Model performance was compared against human-coded test data.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The best-performing LLM (Mixtral-8x7B) classified text segments with an accuracy of 87 %, outperforming agreement between the two human reviewers (77 %). The model also correctly labelled casework reports with an accuracy of 87 %, but only when disregarding non-extracted text segments in stage (1).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>LLMs can replicate human coding of text documents even for highly complex tasks that require contextual information. This may considerably advance research on CPS. Transparency can be achieved by backtracking labeling decisions to individual text segments. Keyword-based text segmentation was identified as a weak point, and the potential for bias that may occur at several stages of the process requires attention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51343,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse & Neglect","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 107202"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142848336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complex PTSD and identification with the aggressor among survivors of childhood abuse","authors":"Yael Lahav ,&nbsp;Marylene Cloitre ,&nbsp;Philip Hyland ,&nbsp;Mark Shevlin ,&nbsp;Menachem Ben-Ezra ,&nbsp;Thanos Karatzias","doi":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2024.107196","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2024.107196","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Childhood abuse (CA) is a risk factor for trauma-related disorders including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and complex posttraumatic stress disorder (CPTSD). This severe form of interpersonal trauma may result in “identification with the aggressor” (IWA), in which the individual may take on the beliefs, perspectives, and behaviors of the perpetrator. Although previous evidence suggests that IWA may be particularly related to CPTSD as compared to PTSD, there has been no study that investigated this hypothesis.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The current study explored the relations between IWA and PTSD and CPTSD symptoms, and the contribution of IWA to the excess probability of PTSD and CPTSD classifications, as compared to no classification.</div></div><div><h3>Participants and setting</h3><div>This cross-sectional study was conducted among 320 Israeli adult CA survivors aged 21–63 (M = 42.04, SD = 10.81).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>An online survey was completed by a convenience sample of adult CA survivors.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Replacing one's agency with that of the perpetrator as part of IWA had a significant effect on both PTSD and CPTSD symptoms (ES = 0.36 and 0.24, respectively), and served as a risk factor for both PTSD and CPTSD classifications. Moreover, analysis of the models' predicted values reveals that the predicted probability of CPTSD classification was 3 to 5 times higher than on the probability of PTSD classifications, for low to high values of the replacing one's agency scale, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The current findings suggest that IWA may describe some of the deep and long-lasting detriments of CA on self, and may contribute to the development of CPTSD symptoms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51343,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse & Neglect","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 107196"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142866208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Childhood irritability-aggression profiles and parent-to-child violence: Evidence of interactive effect in predicting youth violence","authors":"Xing Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2024.107233","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2024.107233","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Early irritability, aggression, and parent-to-child violence (PCV) each are presumed to predict later violent behavior. Few studies, however, have examined these factors simultaneously. This study investigated how irritability and aggression jointly manifested during childhood and whether such manifestations, PCV, and their interactions were associated with late-adolescent violence.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>A prospective sample of 900 participants (55.8 % girls; 55.7 % Black, 24.7 % White, 11.9 % mixed race, 7.7 % other race) from the LONGitudinal Studies of Child Abuse and Neglect (LONGSCAN) was followed from 4 to 18 years old. Caregivers assessed children's irritability and aggression biyearly (ages 4–12), and self-reported violence toward their children by age 12. Children reported their violent behaviors at age 18.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Group-based dual trajectory modeling identified three profiles varying in the combined levels of irritability and aggression for both genders: <em>Irritable and Aggressive</em> profile, <em>Irritable Only</em> profile, and <em>Typically Developing</em> profile. Binomial logistic regression analyses showed an independent association of the <em>Irritable and Aggressive</em> profile with violence in boys. PCV was associated with violence only in boys with the <em>Irritable Only</em> profile. No such associations were found in girls.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Aggression manifested and persisted alongside irritability, but not vice versa during childhood. Comorbidly aggressive and irritable boys had an increased risk of violence, and irritable boys did so only when exposed to PCV. These findings suggest the gender-specific roles of irritability and aggression in portending violent antisociality, and indicate the need to address these problems in conjunction with violent parenting for preventing youth violence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51343,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse & Neglect","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 107233"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142928554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What does it mean to be a ‘foster parent’? -exploring Foster parent narratives using ideal-type analysis","authors":"Nina Thorup Dalgaard ,&nbsp;Julie Mulla Reich ,&nbsp;Nick Midgley ,&nbsp;Saul Hillman ,&nbsp;Holly Dwyer Hall ,&nbsp;Maiken Pontoppidan","doi":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2024.107241","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2024.107241","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Objective: Foster care services in Denmark, as in many other countries, face challenges with recruitment, assessment, and retention of foster families. It is essential to understand how foster parents understand their role and how this might relate to child outcomes. This paper develops a typology of foster parent types through an ideal-type analysis of interviews with foster parents. Participants and Setting: The sample consist of 14 Danish foster parents who had participated in a quasi-randomized trial exploring the effects of Mentalization Based Therapy for foster families. Methods: Foster parents were interviewed using a semi-structured interview schedule, interview material was transcribed and subsequently an ideal-type analysis was performed. Results: Based on foster parents' perceptions of their role in the children's lives, we identified three ideal-types of foster parents: 1) emotional foster parents, 2) ambiguous foster parents, and 3) professional foster parents. Conclusions: Foster parent perceptions of their fostering role have implications for understanding foster care as a developmental context.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51343,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse & Neglect","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 107241"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142958415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and characteristics of online child sexual victimization: Findings from the Australian Child Maltreatment Study","authors":"Kerryann Walsh ,&nbsp;Ben Mathews ,&nbsp;Kausar Parvin ,&nbsp;Rhiannon Smith ,&nbsp;Melanie Burton ,&nbsp;Mariesa Nicholas ,&nbsp;Sarah Napier ,&nbsp;Timothy Cubitt ,&nbsp;Holly Erskine ,&nbsp;Hannah J. Thomas ,&nbsp;David Finkelhor ,&nbsp;Daryl J. Higgins ,&nbsp;James G. Scott ,&nbsp;Asher Flynn ,&nbsp;Jennie Noll ,&nbsp;Eva Malacova ,&nbsp;Ha Le ,&nbsp;Nam Tran","doi":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2024.107186","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2024.107186","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Online child sexual victimization is increasingly facilitated by technology, but evidence of its prevalence and characteristics remains scarce. Reliable population-based data is critical to understand the magnitude and nature of the problem, and inform evidence-based prevention.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To determine the prevalence of nonconsensual sharing of sexual images of the child by any perpetrator, and of online sexual solicitation by any adult perpetrator; and to determine the characteristics of these experiences.</div></div><div><h3>Participants and setting</h3><div>A nationally representative sample of 3500 individuals aged 16–24 years in Australia, comprising a sub-sample of participants in the Australian Child Maltreatment Study (ACMS).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We administered the Juvenile Victimization Questionnaire-R2: Adapted Version (ACMS). Survey items captured self-reported information from participants about whether, before age 18, they had experienced nonconsensual sharing of sexual images of themselves by any perpetrator, and online sexual solicitation by an adult. Follow-up items generated information about the characteristics of these experiences. We generated weighted national prevalence estimates for each experience, and estimated chronicity (number of times the experience occurred), age at onset, and perpetrator characteristics.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>National prevalence of nonconsensual sharing of sexual images of the child before age 18 was 7.6 % (95 % CI 6.6–8.6 %), and of online sexual solicitation by an adult was 17.7 % (95 % CI 16.3–19.2 %). Girls were significantly more likely than boys to experience both nonconsensual image sharing victimization (10.9 % v 3.8 %) and online sexual solicitation by an adult (26.3 % v 7.6 %) before age 18. Gender diverse individuals experienced higher online sexual solicitation (47.9 %), although cell sizes were small. Chronicity of online sexual solicitation (median: <em>n</em> = 5) was higher than nonconsensual image sharing victimization (median: <em>n</em> = 2). Median ages at onset were 15 (image sharing) and 14 (sexual solicitation). Most perpetrators of nonconsensual image sharing were other known adolescents (48.8 %) and adolescents who were current or former romantic partners (23.4 %), while perpetrators of online sexual solicitation were typically unknown adults (86.7 %).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Online childhood sexual victimization is widespread in Australia, especially for girls. Many children's experiences begin in middle childhood, and events are often chronic. Results can inform enhanced targeted prevention efforts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51343,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse & Neglect","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 107186"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142792824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}