Flexible and Printed Electronics最新文献_第9页

Development of a flexible piezoelectric and triboelectric energy harvester with piezo capacitive sensing ability from barium tungstate nanorod-dispersed PVDF nanofabrics 钨酸钡纳米棒分散聚偏氟乙烯纳米织物具有压电电容传感能力的柔性压电和摩擦电能量采集器的研制

IF 3.1 4区工程技术

Flexible and Printed Electronics Pub Date : 2023-04-25 DOI: 10.1088/2058-8585/acd010

Govind S. Ekbote, M. Khalifa, B. Venkatesa Perumal, S. Anandhan

{"title":"Development of a flexible piezoelectric and triboelectric energy harvester with piezo capacitive sensing ability from barium tungstate nanorod-dispersed PVDF nanofabrics","authors":"Govind S. Ekbote, M. Khalifa, B. Venkatesa Perumal, S. Anandhan","doi":"10.1088/2058-8585/acd010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-8585/acd010","url":null,"abstract":"Lead-free flexible piezoelectric nanogenerator (PNG) and triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) are sought after due to their ability to produce electricity by harnessing wasteful mechanical energy. A comprehensive understanding of additives and processing techniques is crucial for fine-tuning the performance of such energy systems. We have investigated in detail the effect of the addition of reverse microemulsion synthesized barium tungstate nanorods (BWN) on morphology, crystallinity, polymorphism of electrospun nanofabrics of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF). The electroactive phase content of the nanofabrics was enhanced upon the addition of BWN and the highest electroactive phase content of 86.5% was observed in the nanofabric containing 3 wt% of BWN. The dielectric constant of the nanofabric containing 5 wt% BWN was ∼1.96 times higher than that of pristine electrospun PVDF nanofabric (EPVDF). The ratio of relative change in the capacitance to initial capacitance of the sensor fabricated from the same system was ∼4 times greater than that of EPVDF. Consequently, its piezoelectric and triboelectric performances were improved. The PNG fabricated using the nanofabric containing 3 wt% BWN produced the highest open-circuit voltage of 8 V under an applied load of 8 N. A TENG made using the same system was able to produce a voltage output of 200 V, which was 1.77 times as high as that of EPVDF under one-finger tapping in contact-separation mode. The same composite nanofabric produced piezoelectric and triboelectric power densities of 4.3 µW cm−2 and 646 µW cm−2, respectively. The TENG was able to light 40 LEDs under one finger tapping. Fluttering-driven TENG fabricated using the aforementioned nanofabric was able to produce a triboelectric voltage of 84 V at a wind speed of 7 m s−1. Overall, these nanofabrics could be a potential material for energy harvesting devices for powering wearable devices, environmental sensors, and internet of things.","PeriodicalId":51335,"journal":{"name":"Flexible and Printed Electronics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42094600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Characterization method of the Joule heating efficiency of electric textiles and influence of boundary conditions 电纺织品焦耳热效率的表征方法及边界条件的影响

IF 3.1 4区工程技术

Flexible and Printed Electronics Pub Date : 2023-04-22 DOI: 10.1088/2058-8585/accf6a

I. Shuvo, J. Decaens, P. Dolez

{"title":"Characterization method of the Joule heating efficiency of electric textiles and influence of boundary conditions","authors":"I. Shuvo, J. Decaens, P. Dolez","doi":"10.1088/2058-8585/accf6a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-8585/accf6a","url":null,"abstract":"Joule heating textiles are available on the market for a variety of applications. However, their market growth is limited by challenges in terms of quality, for instance with the need to provide a reliable account of the heating to be expected, prevent the occurrence of overheating leading to burns and fires, and ensure the long-term performance when exposed to use conditions such as abrasion and laundering. Standard test methods are a key component to solve these issues of efficiency, safety, and durability. Yet, they mostly remain to be established. In this research, a test method was developed for the characterization of the Joule heating efficiency of electric textiles. It involves measuring the temperature of a heating textile using a thermocouple affixed to its surface while it is powered for an hour. The value of the surface temperature that would ultimately be reached by the heating textile after an infinite heating time and the time for the temperature to enter a slow increase regime are determined by fitting an equation to the temperature-time data. These two parameters provide a quantitative mean of comparison between different heating textiles/conditions. This test method was used to analyze the effect of different experimental conditions on the heating efficiency of four heaters corresponding to different technologies of Joule heating textiles and make recommendations in terms of conditions for a standardized test protocol. These results give some insights towards the development of a robust and universal test method for the quantitative assessment of the Joule heating efficiency of electrical textiles that will ultimately be proposed for standardization to help support the growth of the e-textile industry.","PeriodicalId":51335,"journal":{"name":"Flexible and Printed Electronics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42864205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Novel approach to utilise highly conductive but electrochemically unstable current collector materials in textile supercapacitor electrodes 在纺织超级电容器电极中利用高导电但电化学不稳定的集流体材料的新方法

IF 3.1 4区工程技术

Flexible and Printed Electronics Pub Date : 2023-04-21 DOI: 10.1088/2058-8585/accf26

Paulo Luís, D. Southee, George W. Weaver, Upul Wijayantha

{"title":"Novel approach to utilise highly conductive but electrochemically unstable current collector materials in textile supercapacitor electrodes","authors":"Paulo Luís, D. Southee, George W. Weaver, Upul Wijayantha","doi":"10.1088/2058-8585/accf26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-8585/accf26","url":null,"abstract":"Metal-based materials, such as silver or copper, are highly desired as current collector materials for flexible energy storage due to their excellent electrical properties but lack the long-term operational electrochemical stability. Herein we report a method to prevent the corrosion of such materials, while fully exploiting their electrical properties. This was achieved by covering the current collector with an electrochemically stable conductive carbon-based layer. The barrier layer allows the flow of charge between the electrically conductive elements of the textile composite electrodes, while protecting the current collector from contacting the electrolyte. The areal power and energy densities obtained after 1000 bending cycles were 29.88 and 0.01 mWh cm−2, respectively, with no evident degradation. Additionally, patterned current collectors were designed to deposit lower quantities of ink, without detriment to electrochemical performance. After 1000 bending cycles, the textile composite supercapacitors (TCSs) having 50% less current collector material demonstrated an areal power and energy density of 28.08 and 0.01 mWh cm−2, respectively. The proposed strategy is essential in enabling the utilisation of highly conductive metal-based inks, improving the rate capabilities and long-term operation of wearable energy storage devices, while maximising specific power and energy densities of TCSs, and decreasing the manufacturing cost.","PeriodicalId":51335,"journal":{"name":"Flexible and Printed Electronics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43052367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Low-cost thin film patch antennas and antenna arrays with various background wall materials for indoor wireless communications 用于室内无线通信的低成本薄膜贴片天线和各种背景墙材料的天线阵列

IF 3.1 4区工程技术

Flexible and Printed Electronics Pub Date : 2023-04-14 DOI: 10.1088/2058-8585/accd05

Juho Kerminen, Boxuan Xie, Lauri Mela, A. Karakoç, K. Ruttik, R. Jäntti

{"title":"Low-cost thin film patch antennas and antenna arrays with various background wall materials for indoor wireless communications","authors":"Juho Kerminen, Boxuan Xie, Lauri Mela, A. Karakoç, K. Ruttik, R. Jäntti","doi":"10.1088/2058-8585/accd05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-8585/accd05","url":null,"abstract":"The present study introduces an inkjet-printed flexible coplanar waveguide patch antenna array concept. Single antenna and four-element antenna arrays were characterized, which were attached to a subminiature version A connector via an innovative solderless, 3D-printed ‘plug-and-play-type’ tightener. Furthermore, indoor wireless communication and Internet of Things scenarios with commonly used wall materials including gypsum and plywood boards, on which patch antennas and antenna arrays can be attached, were also presented. In order to validate the concept, design and fabrication iterations in parallel with numerical and experimental investigations were executed. To elaborate, single antenna and antenna array configurations without and with wall materials were characterized to see their functionality at 2.4 GHz resonance frequency and beyond 300 MHz bandwidth, respectively. The results demonstrate that the investigated configurations fulfill short-range radio transmission and can be utilized, e.g., for indoor backscattering-type communications and wireless sensing applications, as an affordable and versatile alternative to their conventional counterparts. Being attached to their corresponding background materials, single-antenna specimens were measured to have return losses beyond 18 dB and peak gains around 1 dBi, while higher peak gains above 6 dBi were detected for antenna arrays. Moreover, the antenna arrays can enable multiple-input and multiple-output communication. The proposed arrays had diversity performance in terms of return losses higher than 15 dB, isolation of more than 20 dB, envelope correlation coefficient <0.001 , diversity gain >9.95 dB, mean effective gain <−3 dB, power ratio factor <0.5 dB, and channel capacity loss <0.4 bits/s/Hz.","PeriodicalId":51335,"journal":{"name":"Flexible and Printed Electronics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48104048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Wear reliability and failure mechanism of inkjet-printed conductors on paperboard substrate 纸板基板喷墨印刷导体磨损可靠性及失效机理

IF 3.1 4区工程技术

Flexible and Printed Electronics Pub Date : 2023-04-13 DOI: 10.1088/2058-8585/accc9b

Zhao Fu, P. Tanninen, J. Keskinen, Roman Lev, Ville Leminen, M. Mäntysalo

{"title":"Wear reliability and failure mechanism of inkjet-printed conductors on paperboard substrate","authors":"Zhao Fu, P. Tanninen, J. Keskinen, Roman Lev, Ville Leminen, M. Mäntysalo","doi":"10.1088/2058-8585/accc9b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-8585/accc9b","url":null,"abstract":"In this research, we conducted a wear test on inkjet-printed silver conductors using different loads and counter materials (two paperboards, brushed steel sheet, and sandpaper) with similar surface roughness values. The conductor’s reliability was characterized by resistance measurement, the failures and tested counter materials were analyzed using an optical microscope, profilometer, scanning electron microscope, and energy dispersive spectrometer. It was found that the counter material has a dominant impact on a conductor’s reliability and failure mechanism compared with load. The conductors were exceptionally reliable but subject to adhesive wear when tested by paperboards. They were also highly reliable when tested by brushed steel sheet although the silver became severely detached, and the conductivity was lost suddenly when a major scratch was caused by two-body and three-body abrasive wear mechanisms. Sandpaper rubbing caused the most severe silver detachment and quick loss of conductivity, as a large amount of small-size (5–15 µm) silicon carbide particles with sharp edges and corners caused a dense cutting effect via two-body abrasive wear (by cutting) mechanism. Additionally, the failures in almost all samples occurred in the areas in contact with the counter edges, suggesting that failure was accelerated by the edge effect. This study proves that inkjet-printed electronics on the investigated paperboard is exceptionally durable when rubbed by paperboards and steel sheets, and thus provides a reliable solution to intelligent packaging. To promote intelligent packaging, more paperboards, as well as approaches for reducing the edge effect can be investigated.","PeriodicalId":51335,"journal":{"name":"Flexible and Printed Electronics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43856143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Stretchable silver electrodes adopting double stress release design directly deposited on an eco-flex substrate 采用双应力释放设计的可拉伸银电极直接沉积在生态柔性衬底上

IF 3.1 4区工程技术

Flexible and Printed Electronics Pub Date : 2023-04-06 DOI: 10.1088/2058-8585/accaf6

Jonghyun Jeong, Gihak Kim, Jaewook Jeong

{"title":"Stretchable silver electrodes adopting double stress release design directly deposited on an eco-flex substrate","authors":"Jonghyun Jeong, Gihak Kim, Jaewook Jeong","doi":"10.1088/2058-8585/accaf6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-8585/accaf6","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, stretchable electrodes adopting a double stress release structure were fabricated and characterized on eco-flex substrates. First, the correlation between mechanical properties applying surface plasma treatment and stretching capability of stretchable silver electrodes directly deposited on eco-flex substrate was studied. The Young’s modulus values of the substrate and metal were extracted using the force-distance relation via atomic force microscopy employing Johnson–Kendall–Roberts model. It was found that, as the Young’s modulus increased with the increase of plasma treatment time, the stretching capability first improved; then, samples showed no improvement over long plasma treatment time. This indicates that there is an optimum plasma treatment time to simultaneously achieve high stretching capability and low initial resistance. Using the optimum time, stretchable silver electrodes adopting double stress release structure along lateral and vertical directions were fabricated and the high stretching capability of the silver electrodes was achieved up to tensile strain of about 160%, as was high stability of up to 1000 times the multi-cycling strain.","PeriodicalId":51335,"journal":{"name":"Flexible and Printed Electronics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45645655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Stretching mode deformation analysis for an elastomeric encapsulation-assisted stable flexible electronic substrate 弹性体封装辅助稳定柔性电子基板的拉伸模式变形分析

IF 3.1 4区工程技术

Flexible and Printed Electronics Pub Date : 2023-04-04 DOI: 10.1088/2058-8585/acca30

Kamalesh Tripathy, M. Bhattacharjee

{"title":"Stretching mode deformation analysis for an elastomeric encapsulation-assisted stable flexible electronic substrate","authors":"Kamalesh Tripathy, M. Bhattacharjee","doi":"10.1088/2058-8585/acca30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-8585/acca30","url":null,"abstract":"The substrate plays an important role in flexible devices and sensors. In this direction, it is observed that elastomeric encapsulation assists the sensor system to deform successfully under stretching. The encapsulation not only makes it flexible but also protects it from environmental factors and mechanical damage. In this paper, a finite element method analysis is used to study the mechanical effects on the encapsulated system, which provides insight into the design of a stretchable substrate for flexible electronic systems. Here, a serpentine silver electrode is designed on a polyethylene terephthalate substrate, which is then encapsulated by polydimethylsiloxane. With the variation in the ratio of top-to-bottom encapsulation thickness i.e. T en1: T en2, the interfacial stress was studied. The mismatch in T en1 and T en2 may result in compressive bending strain, which can be avoided by making T en1 = T en2. It is observed from the simulation that, there is a spike in von-Mises stress at the interface of the substrate and the encapsulation when stretching mode deformation is applied. Also, this maximum stress varies with the variation in encapsulation thickness. For a range of total encapsulation thickness i.e. T EN = T en1 + T en2 = 30 μm to 100 μm, the optimum thickness is found to be 55 μm, for which the spike in interfacial von-Mises stress is minimum.","PeriodicalId":51335,"journal":{"name":"Flexible and Printed Electronics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43350671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Towards sustainable transparent flexible heaters: Integration of a BNNT interlayer using green solvent substitution 迈向可持续透明柔性加热器:使用绿色溶剂替代的BNNT中间层集成

IF 3.1 4区工程技术

Flexible and Printed Electronics Pub Date : 2023-04-03 DOI: 10.1088/2058-8585/acc9d2

Kaitlin Wagner, Shan Zou, Y. Martínez-Rubí, A. Kell, Chantal Paquet, Benoît H. Lessard

{"title":"Towards sustainable transparent flexible heaters: Integration of a BNNT interlayer using green solvent substitution","authors":"Kaitlin Wagner, Shan Zou, Y. Martínez-Rubí, A. Kell, Chantal Paquet, Benoît H. Lessard","doi":"10.1088/2058-8585/acc9d2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-8585/acc9d2","url":null,"abstract":"Processing materials in electronics with non-toxic, green solvents can provide environmental benefits while reducing manufacturing health and safety challenges. Unfortunately, green solvents are often unable to provide comparable solubilizing characteristics and present challenges in printing and film formation compared to conventional organic solvents. Therefore, green materials are often developed in parallel to their processing method for successful implementation. In this study, we report on the use of a polyvinyl butyral (PVB) and ethanol solution as a replacement for poly (3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT) and chloroform and its’ first demonstration in boron nitride nanotube (BNNT) thin film interlayers for improved thermal and mechanical performance in silver microgrid transparent heaters. Using PVB/ethanol led to comparable thin films of BNNT, achieving a clear tube network formation across the substrate surface and resulting in near identical optical transparency and surface energy measurements compared to the P3HT/chloroform system. Silver microgrids printed on BNNT-coated polyethylene terephthalate (PET) with PVB as dispersant exhibited a similar conductive performance to the microgrids printed on BNNT-coated PET with P3HT, providing the same level of mechanical endurance and maintaining thermal performance metrics upon applied voltage. The PVB and ethanol system presents an exemplary green material combination for the novel deposition of BNNT thin film interlayers for integration into transparent heaters.","PeriodicalId":51335,"journal":{"name":"Flexible and Printed Electronics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46205503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Printing of electromagnetic interference shielding materials 电磁干扰屏蔽材料的印刷

IF 3.1 4区工程技术

Flexible and Printed Electronics Pub Date : 2023-03-29 DOI: 10.1088/2058-8585/acc879

Pranay Doshi, Hiu Yung Wong, Daniel H Gutierrez, Arlene Lopez, Dennis Nordlund, Ram P Gandhiraman

引用次数: 1

Printed soft skin electrodes for seamless bio-impedance measurements 用于无缝生物阻抗测量的印刷软皮肤电极

IF 3.1 4区工程技术

Flexible and Printed Electronics Pub Date : 2023-03-17 DOI: 10.1088/2058-8585/acc540

B. Levit, P. Krebsbach, Chen Bar-Haim, G. Hernández-Sosa, Y. Hanein

引用次数: 0