International Journal for Scientific Research最新文献

{"title":"Sheikh Ibrahim Nias’s Approach to Interpretation Through his book “In Riyadh Al-Tafsir”","authors":"Mamadou Seck, Mujahid Al-Hout","doi":"10.59992/ijsr.2024.v3n7p4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59992/ijsr.2024.v3n7p4","url":null,"abstract":"Islam and the Arabic language entered Senegal thanks to the tremendous efforts made by Muslim scholars in the field of Islamic advocacy. Among these noble efforts are what is due to the Almoravid reform movement led by Abdullah bin Yassin in the eleventh century AD, and some are due to the efforts of Arab Muslim merchants whose tours were commercial and preaching, and which began in countries such as Libya, Tunisia, and Algeria. Likewise, the conversion of one of the kings of Senegal to Islam in the year 1040 AD was a major reason for the spread of Islam, as he approved the law of Islam in his subjects after his conversion to Islam, and spent a lot of money to teach his people the Islamic religion, and opened diplomatic relations between his state and some Arab countries, and then came the era of sheikhs and Sufi orders. , which was distinguished from a religious, moral, and cultural standpoint, and they had a very great impact in spreading Islam and the Arabic language in Senegal. Among these virtuous sheikhs: Sheikh Ibrahim Nias, whose effective contributions to spreading Islam and the Arabic language we will highlight in this research. The Sheikh had a great struggle in this field despite the French’s fight against him. He wrote many books in various Islamic fields and opened many schools. A group of Senegalese scholars studied under him. He formulated many of these sciences in the form of poetic verses that the students memorized after they had memorized the Book of God Almighty. In this research, we will learn about the Sheikh and his efforts in the Arabic language and Islamic sciences based on his interpretation entitled “In the Riyadh of Interpretation of the Holy Qur’an.” The research includes an introduction in which a definition of Islam in Senegal is mentioned. The first section includes a brief introduction to the Sheikh’s life, and the second section includes an introduction to his scientific and practical efforts, and his approach to interpreting the Holy Qur’an through his six-volume book, then a conclusion that includes the most important results.","PeriodicalId":513336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Scientific Research","volume":"132 31","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141656680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Impact of Refractive Errors in School-Aged Children: A Cross-Sectional","authors":"Gumma Almusmari, Asma Abdulgader, Hend Alleki, Amina Mohammed, Mohammed Ali","doi":"10.59992/ijsr.2024.v3n7p1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59992/ijsr.2024.v3n7p1","url":null,"abstract":"This cross-sectional study aims to determine the prevalence and patterns of refractive errors among 700 schoolchildren aged 5-15 years in Al-Manara School, Tobruk, Libya. A comprehensive ophthalmic examination will be conducted to assess visual acuity and identify refractive errors. Academic performance will be evaluated by reviewing school records, including grades and standardized test scores. The impact of refractive errors on quality of life will be measured using a validated pediatric vision-related quality of life questionnaire. The study seeks to provide data on the burden of refractive errors and their effects on learning and daily living in this population. We hypothesize that uncorrected refractive errors will be associated with poorer academic achievement and reduced quality of life compared to peers without vision impairment. This research can highlight the need for regular vision screening and provision of spectacles for schoolchildren in Libya. Findings may guide education policy and school health programs to address this treatable cause of impaired classroom performance. The large sample size will allow for analysis of prevalence stratified by key demographics and characterization of the patterns of refractive errors in this geographic setting.","PeriodicalId":513336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Scientific Research","volume":"2 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141659184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Authority of the Subject Matter Court in Assessing the Worker’s Serious Fault","authors":"Hiba Awad","doi":"10.59992/ijsr.2024.v3n6p14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59992/ijsr.2024.v3n6p14","url":null,"abstract":"The subject of the discretionary power of the subject judge regarding the assessment of serious error requires the judge before whom the dispute is brought to examine the reasons relied upon by the employer to make the decision to dismiss the worker and give them the legal qualification that is consistent with the requirements of the Labor Law, which determines the conditions and sets the framework for terminating the employment relationship so that the employer does not abuse his voluntary right, whether by verifying the seriousness of the error committed by the worker, or by assessing the reason and justification for the dismissal. Hence, the question revolves around the criteria for assessing gross error and the authority of the subject judge to assess whether the error is gross or simple, and the scope of the supervisory authority of the Supreme Court regarding assessing the justification for gross error or not? The exercise of discretionary power requires the judge to first verify the existence of the reason for dismissal in itself, then if it is proven to have been achieved by the means stipulated by the law, he tends to exercise judicial oversight over arbitrary dismissal from an objective standpoint, by assessing the seriousness of the error committed by the worker, as a justification and reason on which the employer relied in dismissing the worker.","PeriodicalId":513336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Scientific Research","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141706472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Option of Sight (Khayar Al-Ro’ya) in Protecting the Buyer in International Sale Contract","authors":"Maen Al Qassaymeh, Saleh Al-Barashdi","doi":"10.59992/ijsr.2024.v3n6p8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59992/ijsr.2024.v3n6p8","url":null,"abstract":"Option of sight is an Islamic theory assigned to regulate contractual relationships. It came from a Prophetic statement narrated from the Prophet Mohammad (peace be upon him) and became a part of the rules which regulate the relationship between the parties of the contract of sale. It gives the buyer who did not see the goods at the time of conclusion of the contract the right to rescind it when he sees them. This option is regulated in several Islamic countries as these countries depend, basically, on Islamic legislation as a reference and as a historical source for their laws. Although it is not regulated in CISG, it may have role to govern an international sale if the applicable law chosen by the parties deal with such matters. Thus, it is within the aim of this paper to explore in depth the role of the option of sight in protecting the buyer in the international sale contract. It clarifies the meaning of the option and shows how it keeps the buyer away from deception that may come from the seller. The paper, indeed, includes the sale in which the buyer sees the goods via the e-means. The study comes with a result that; if this theory is embodied in the international conventions that regulate the international commerce, it will have an important role to prevent the deception and dishonesty that may happen in practice.","PeriodicalId":513336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Scientific Research","volume":"97 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141342180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A study on Student's Challenges and Problems in Learning English Vocabulary","authors":"Nadia Hasan","doi":"10.59992/ijsr.2024.v3n6p7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59992/ijsr.2024.v3n6p7","url":null,"abstract":"Students deal with a variety of issues that keep them from developing their English language proficiency. One of the most prevalent is their proficiency in vocabulary. The purpose of this study was to determine the challenges participants faced when acquiring vocabulary and the approaches they employed to overcome those challenges. In the second semester of 2024, the researcher gave a questionnaire to every male and female student enrolled in King Faisal University's Applied College in English 101 and 102 to find out about their most common vocabulary problems. The twenty-question questionnaire covers a wide range of topics, including the respondent's difficulties with vocabulary learning and their approaches to overcoming such difficulties. According to the study, learning vocabulary can be hampered by a number of factors, including difficulty pronouncing and spelling English words correctly, difficulty building vocabulary, difficulty applying vocabulary correctly, and difficulty grasping its meaning.","PeriodicalId":513336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Scientific Research","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141349489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Total Quality Management on Supply Chain Management in Five-Star Hotels in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","authors":"Nabil Tarifi, Abdulrahman Al-Awaidhi","doi":"10.59992/ijsr.2024.v3n6p6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59992/ijsr.2024.v3n6p6","url":null,"abstract":"The research investigates the impact of Total Quality Management (TQM) on Supply Chain Management (SCM) in five-star hotels in Saudi Arabia, focusing on how integrating TQM principles can enhance operational efficiency, reduce costs, and improve customer satisfaction within the hospitality sector. The study emphasizes the convergence of TQM and SCM, highlighting continuous improvement, a culture of quality, and customer satisfaction as key impacts of TQM on SCM. TQM encourages organizations to evaluate and enhance processes continuously, leading to more streamlined and efficient supply chains. The integration of TQM principles into SCM processes aims to achieve higher levels of customer satisfaction, improved product quality, reduced costs, and increased operational efficiency. Several challenges in implementing TQM in Saudi five-star hotels are identified, including communication barriers, resistance to change, and resource constraints. The study proposes a comprehensive strategy for successful TQM and SCM integration, emphasizing leadership commitment, employee involvement, and the use of advanced technologies for real-time data sharing and performance monitoring. The findings are significant for hotel managers and decision-makers, providing evidence-based recommendations for implementing TQM principles to optimize supply chain processes. By adopting TQM practices, five-star hotels in Saudi Arabia can enhance their operational performance, achieve cost optimization, and ensure high levels of customer satisfaction, ultimately gaining a competitive advantage in the dynamic hospitality industry.","PeriodicalId":513336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Scientific Research","volume":"117 44","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141351793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Hidden Marketing and its Dimensions on Customer Commitment with the Application on Almarai Company Customers in Saudi Arabia: A Case Study","authors":"Ahmed Asiri, Nabil Al-Tarifi","doi":"10.59992/ijsr.2024.v3n6p5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59992/ijsr.2024.v3n6p5","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to identify the extent of the impact of stealth marketing in its dimensions (viral marketing, deceptive marketing, brand advocates, celebrity endorsements) through its modern techniques on the development of customer commitment in its dimensions (emotional, continuance, normative) with an application to Almarai customers in Saudi Arabia. The study followed a descriptive approach using the survey method. Among the most important results of the study was the acceptance of the first hypothesis, which states that there is a statistically significant effect at a significance level of (0.05) of stealth marketing in its dimensions on the emotional commitment of Almarai customers in Saudi Arabia. The second hypothesis was also accepted, stating that there is a statistically significant effect at a significance level of (0.05) of stealth marketing in its dimensions on the continuance commitment of Almarai customers in Saudi Arabia. Additionally, the third hypothesis was accepted, indicating a statistically significant effect at a significance level of (0.05) of stealth marketing in its dimensions on the normative commitment of Almarai customers in Saudi Arabia. The study recommended directing the marketing efforts of companies to benefit from the advantages of each technique of stealth marketing and to avoid the drawbacks of these techniques in a way that contributes to achieving the marketing goals of companies. It is also necessary to enhance the positive aspects that stealth marketing includes by avoiding deception and exaggeration in presenting the advertising message through companies using over-the-top marketing techniques. Furthermore, it is essential to consider the ethical aspects, customs, and traditions of our societies that may not align with some of these techniques, as well as to determine which are more effective in achieving marketing activity goals. The design of the advertising message and the selection of the appropriate technique for presenting it should consider the cultural levels of the targeted customers and the level of marketing awareness that the customer has reached. This can be achieved through proactive measures to determine this, in addition to identifying customer preferences and desires.","PeriodicalId":513336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Scientific Research","volume":"120 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141351766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Using Technological Innovations on the Achievement of Seventh-Grade Female Students in the Subject of Mathematics","authors":"Arwa Al-Salama, Ashwaq Al-Saadi, Tamador Al-Youssef, Zainab Marir, Hadeel Dawoud","doi":"10.59992/ijsr.2024.v3n6p4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59992/ijsr.2024.v3n6p4","url":null,"abstract":"The study aimed to determine the effect of using technological innovations on the achievement of seventh-grade female students in the subject of mathematics. To know this effect, the descriptive analytical method was used, which is based on collecting data from sample members and then analyzing and interpreting the data. Two research tools were used: tests of reliability and validity and a questionnaire to measure the impact of using technical innovations in teaching mathematics. The study included all female students in the second intermediate grade at the Umm Habiba Complex for Al-Quran Al-Karim Memorization in Riyadh. It was conducted during the third semester of the year 2024. There were forty-six female students. The sample individuals were chosen by a simple random method. The results of the study showed the effectiveness of using technical innovations in raising the achievement level at the level of understanding, remembering, and application among the research group. It also became clear that the use of modern technologies increases the efficiency of students' comprehension and increases their achievement abilities. It showed that 70% of the students' understanding of mathematics depends on using modern. Methods for teaching mathematics subjects considering these results, the researchers presented some proposals for employing technical innovations to teach and learn mathematics. Researchers also proposed suggestions for conducting some future studies to reveal the impact of employing technical. Innovations on some variables related to teaching and learning mathematics.","PeriodicalId":513336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Scientific Research","volume":"25 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141354433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intravitreal Lucentis (Ranibizumab) as A Treatment for Diffuse Diabetic Macular Edema","authors":"Gumma Almusmari, Asma Alwokly, Sdeenah Badr, Shifaa Almusmari","doi":"10.59992/ijsr.2024.v3n6p3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59992/ijsr.2024.v3n6p3","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Humanized anti-VEGF (Vascular endothelial growth factor) antibody fragment Lucentis (Ranibizumab) is prescribed to treat neovascular (wet) age-related macular degeneration, diabetic macular edema, diabetic retinopathy, and myopic choroidal neovascularization. It is also used to treat macular edema following retinal vein occlusion. Objective: This study was carried out to evaluate the anatomic effect and visual acuity response following intravitreal Lucentis (Ranibizumab). Methodology: In this investigation, diffuse diabetic macular edema was present in 30 eyes belonging to 30 patients with stable diabetes mellitus. Every eye had undergone argon laser photocoagulation, either Focal, Grid, or pan-retinal photocoagulation (PRP), for a minimum of three months. The patients with a mean age was 58.13±5.17 years were treated with two intravitreal injections of 0.5 mg of ranibizumab in 0.05 ml spaced four weeks apart. A skilled ophthalmologist assessed each patient's best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), also assessed their central macular thickness (CMT) using optical coherence tomography, and assessed their diabetic retinopathy at both the baseline and follow-up sessions. The results: The results showed that the means of BCVA were significantly (P<0.01) decreased from baseline (1.189±0.077 logMAR) to 1 month (0.162±0.058 logMAR) and 3 months (1.109±0.049 logMAR) after injection. Also the results revealed that the mean of CMT were significantly (P<0.01) declined from the baseline (477.47±151.32 µm) to 1 month (438.27±115.68 µm) and 3 month (396.80±115.26 µm) after treatment. Conclusions: The study concluded that after three months of the second injection of Lucentis (ranibizumab) significantly reduced central macular thickness and improved visual acuity, then diffuse diabetic macular edema is significantly improved and treated using Lucentis (ranibizumab).","PeriodicalId":513336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Scientific Research","volume":"10 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141355875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Prophet’s Strategies in Deciding the ﷺ Strategies of the Prophet’s Locations of the Troops and Battles: Since the Prophet’s (PBUH) Migration up to the Battle of Hamra al-Asad","authors":"Abdulaziz Wali","doi":"10.59992/ijsr.2024.v3n6p2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59992/ijsr.2024.v3n6p2","url":null,"abstract":"Awareness of historical sites provides us with a greater insight into the Prophet Muhammad's (peace be upon him) strategy in his military expeditions and battles. In addition, it shows us how this strategy evolved over periods. His strategy after the migration to Medina until the Battle of Badr mainly involved attacking Quraysh's trade caravans. However, this strategy changed after the Battle of Badr, focusing more on defending Medina and confronting enemies who sought to attack it in its own territory. There were four military expeditions before Badr, as well as four battles led by the Prophet himself. The Battle of Badr was significant as the strategy expanded beyond attacking the caravan at the designated location to include intercepting it on its route to the location. After the Battle of Badr, the Prophet led five battles, one of which took place within Medina, while the others targeted various tribes that intended to invade the city. The Prophet preemptively attacked them before they could leave their territories, adhering to the principle that the best defense is a good offense. During this period, there were also two military expeditions: one within Medina and another targeting a Quraysh trade route to the east. The Battle of Uhud followed, where Quraysh aimed to eradicate the Muslims. The Prophet went out to meet them. Despite the setback the Muslims faced in this battle, the Prophet did not hesitate to pursue Quraysh to prevent them from considering an attack on Medina. Thus, the importance of understanding historical sites becomes clear, highlighting the significance of this research, which addresses this aspect.","PeriodicalId":513336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Scientific Research","volume":" 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141365357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}