Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention in Canada-Research Policy and Practice最新文献

{"title":"Provincial and territorial congenital anomalies surveillance: a summary of surveillance programs across Canada.","authors":"Tanya Bedard, Yonabeth Nava de Escalante, Cora Cole, Kitty Dang, Maya Jeyaraman, Kathryn Johnston, Qun Miao, Lauren Rickert, Chantal Nelson","doi":"10.24095/hpcdp.44.5.04","DOIUrl":"10.24095/hpcdp.44.5.04","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Canadian Congenital Anomalies Surveillance Network was established in 2002 to address gaps in the national surveillance of congenital anomalies (CAs) and support the sustainability of high-quality, population-based, CA surveillance systems within provinces and territories. This paper highlights the methodologies of each local CA surveillance system, noting similarities and variabilities between each system, to contribute to enhanced national CA surveillance efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":51316,"journal":{"name":"Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention in Canada-Research Policy and Practice","volume":"44 5","pages":"229-235"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11152185/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140923720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the Editor - Re: Rates of out-of-home care among children in Canada: an analysis of national administrative child welfare data.","authors":"Chandrakant P Shah","doi":"10.24095/hpcdp.44.5.05","DOIUrl":"10.24095/hpcdp.44.5.05","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51316,"journal":{"name":"Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention in Canada-Research Policy and Practice","volume":"44 5","pages":"236-237"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11152190/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140923718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Public health communication professional development opportunities and alignment with core competencies: an environmental scan and content analysis.","authors":"Melissa MacKay, Devon McAlpine, Heather Worte, Lauren E Grant, Andrew Papadopoulos, Jennifer E McWhirter","doi":"10.24095/hpcdp.44.5.03","DOIUrl":"10.24095/hpcdp.44.5.03","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Communication is vital for effective and precise public health practice. The limited formal educational opportunities in health communication render professional development opportunities especially important. Competencies for public health communication describe the integrated knowledge, values, skills and behaviours required for practitioner and organizational performance. Many countries consider communication a core public health competency and use communication competencies in workforce planning and development.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted an environmental scan and content analysis to determine the availability of public health communication professional development opportunities in Canada and the extent to which they support communication-related core competencies. Three relevant competency frameworks were used to assess the degree to which professional development offerings supported communication competency development.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 45 professional development offerings were included: 16 \"formalized offerings\" (training opportunities such as courses, webinars, certificate programs) and 29 \"materials and tools\" (resources such as toolkits, guidebooks). The formalized offerings addressed 25% to 100% of the communication competencies, and the materials and tools addressed 67% to 100%. Addressing misinformation and disinformation, using current technology and communicating with diverse populations are areas in need of improved professional development.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is a significant gap in public health communication formalized offerings in Canada and many of the materials and tools are outdated. Public health communication professional development offerings lack coordination and do not provide comprehensive coverage across the communication competencies, limiting their utility to strengthen the public health workforce. More, and more comprehensive, professional development offerings are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":51316,"journal":{"name":"Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention in Canada-Research Policy and Practice","volume":"44 5","pages":"218-228"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11152188/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140923723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disparities in positive mental health of sexual and gender minority adults in Canada.","authors":"Sonia Hajo, Colin A Capaldi, Li Liu","doi":"10.24095/hpcdp.44.5.01","DOIUrl":"10.24095/hpcdp.44.5.01","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The goal of this study was to examine potential disparities in positive mental health (PMH) among adults in Canada by sexual orientation and gender modality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using 2019 Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) Annual Component data (N = 57 034), we compared mean life satisfaction and the prevalence of high self-rated mental health (SRMH), happiness and community belonging between heterosexual and sexual minority adults, and between cisgender and gender minority adults. We used 2019 CCHS Rapid Response on PMH data (N = 11 486) to compare the prevalence of high psychological well-being between heterosexual and sexual minority adults. Linear and logistic regression analyses examined the between-group differences in mean life satisfaction and the other PMH outcomes, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sexual minority (vs. heterosexual) adults reported lower mean life satisfaction (B = -0.7, 95% CI: -0.8, -0.5) and were less likely to report high SRMH (OR = 0.4, 95% CI: 0.3, 0.5), happiness (OR = 0.4, 95% CI: 0.3, 0.5), community belonging (OR = 0.6, 95% CI: 0.5, 0.7) and psychological well-being (OR = 0.4, 95% CI: 0.3, 0.6). Differences were not always significant for specific sexual minority groups in sexstratified analyses. Gender minority adults reported lower mean life satisfaction and were less likely to report high SRMH and happiness than cisgender adults.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Future research could investigate how these PMH disparities arise, risk and protective factors in these populations, how other sociodemographic factors interact with sexual orientation and gender identity to influence PMH and changes in disparities over time.</p>","PeriodicalId":51316,"journal":{"name":"Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention in Canada-Research Policy and Practice","volume":"44 5","pages":"197-207"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11152186/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140923693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum - Glossary of terms: A shared understanding of the common terms used to describe psychological trauma, version 3.0.","authors":"","doi":"10.24095/hpcdp.44.4.06","DOIUrl":"10.24095/hpcdp.44.4.06","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This corrigendum is being published to remove two bullets from a definition in the following article: Heber A, Testa V, Groll D, Ritchie K, Tam-Seto L, Mulligan A, Sullo E, Schick A, Bose E, Jabbari Y, Lopes J, Carleton RN. Glossary of terms: A shared understanding of the common terms used to describe psychological trauma, version 3.0. Health Promot Chronic Dis Prev Can. 2023;43(10/11). https://doi.org/10.24095/hpcdp.43.10/11.09.</p>","PeriodicalId":51316,"journal":{"name":"Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention in Canada-Research Policy and Practice","volume":"44 4","pages":"193-195"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11097746/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140159554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rates of out-of-home care among children in Canada: an analysis of national administrative child welfare data.","authors":"Nathaniel J Pollock, Alexandra M Ouédraogo, Nico Trocmé, Wendy Hovdestad, Amy Miskie, Lindsay Crompton, Aimée Campeau, Masako Tanaka, Cindy Zhang, Claudie Laprise, Lil Tonmyr","doi":"10.24095/hpcdp.44.4.02","DOIUrl":"10.24095/hpcdp.44.4.02","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>As a part of the public health approach to child welfare, data about children placed in out-of-home care are needed to assess population trends, understand drivers of social and health inequities, and examine outcomes for children and families. We analyzed administrative data from Canada to describe the population of children in out-of-home care, and estimate and compare rates of out-of-home care by province/territory, year, sex/gender, age group and placement type.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of point-in-time data from all provinces and territories for the period 2013/2014 to 2021/2022. We used frequencies and percentages to describe the population of children (and youth up to age 21 years) in out-of-home care and estimated overall and stratified rates and rate ratios.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>An estimated 61 104 children in Canada were in out-of-home care on 31 March 2022. The national rate of out-of-home care was 8.24 children per 1000 population. Rate variations by province/territory were substantial and changed over time. Rates were highest among males and children aged 1 to 3 and 16 to 17 years. Foster homes were the most common type of placement, although kinship homes accounted for an increasing share.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This analysis demonstrated that administrative data can be used to generate national indicators about children involved in the child welfare system. These data can be used for tracking progress towards health and social equity for children and youth in Canada.</p>","PeriodicalId":51316,"journal":{"name":"Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention in Canada-Research Policy and Practice","volume":"44 4","pages":"152-165"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11097748/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139730993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"School- and intervention-related factors associated with institutionalization of health promotion interventions in elementary schools.","authors":"Robert J Wellman, Erin K O'Loughlin, Katerina Maximova, Jodi Kalubi, Teodora Riglea, Jennifer O'Loughlin","doi":"10.24095/hpcdp.44.4.03","DOIUrl":"10.24095/hpcdp.44.4.03","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Long-term availability of health-promoting interventions (HPIs) in school settings can translate into health benefits for children. However, little is known about factors associated with HPI institutionalization in schools. In this study, we identified correlates of the institutionalization of HPIs offered in elementary schools in Quebec, Canada.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In two-part, structured telephone interviews over three academic years (2016-2019), elementary school principals (or their designees) throughout Quebec identified an index HPI offered at least once in their school during the previous three years, and were asked whether it was institutionalized (i.e. explicitly written in the school's educational project, e.g. in the form of educational objectives and means of achieving them). We examined associations between institutionalization and 10 school-related and 16 HPI-related characteristics in univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>School key informants (n = 163) reported on 147 different HPIs that had been available in their schools in the past three years, 56% of which were institutionalized. Three aspects of school culture-parent/community engagement with the school, school/teacher commitment to student health and school physical environment-were positively associated with HPI institutionalization. HPI-related characteristics positively associated with HPI institutionalization included number of competencies addressed by the HPI, number of teaching strategies employed, modifications made to the HPI prior to or during implementation and perceived success of the HPI. Inviting families or community groups to participate in the HPI was inversely associated with institutionalization.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Better understanding of factors associated with HPI institutionalization may inform the development of school-based HPIs that have the potential for sustainability.</p>","PeriodicalId":51316,"journal":{"name":"Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention in Canada-Research Policy and Practice","volume":"44 4","pages":"166-178"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11097743/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140855097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indigenous people's experiences of primary health care in Canada: a qualitative systematic review.","authors":"Geneveave Barbo, Sharmin Alam","doi":"10.24095/hpcdp.44.4.01","DOIUrl":"10.24095/hpcdp.44.4.01","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Indigenous people in Canada encounter negative treatment when accessing primary health care (PHC). Despite several qualitative accounts of these experiences, there still has not been a qualitative review conducted on this topic. In this qualitative systematic review, we aimed to explore Indigenous people's experiences in Canada with PHC services, determine urban versus rural or remote differences and identify recommendations for quality improvement.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This review was guided by the Joanna Briggs Institute's methodology for systematic reviews of qualitative evidence. MEDLINE, CINAHL, PubMed, PsycInfo, Embase and Web of Science as well as grey literature and ancestry sources were used to identify relevant articles. Ancestry sources were obtained through reviewing the reference lists of all included articles and determining the ones that potentially met the eligibility criteria. Two independent reviewers conducted the initial and full text screening, data extraction and quality assessment. Once all data were gathered, they were synthesized following the meta-aggregation approach (PROSPERO CRD42020192353).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The search yielded a total of 2503 articles from the academic databases and 12 articles from the grey literature and ancestry sources. Overall, 22 articles were included in this review. Three major synthesized findings were revealed-satisfactory experiences, discriminatory attitudes and systemic challenges faced by Indigenous patients-along with one synthesized finding on their specific recommendations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Indigenous people value safe, accessible and respectful care. The discrimination and racism they face negatively affect their overall health and well-being. Hence, it is crucial that changes in health care practice, structures and policy development as well as systemic transformation be implemented immediately.</p>","PeriodicalId":51316,"journal":{"name":"Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention in Canada-Research Policy and Practice","volume":"44 4","pages":"131-151"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11097747/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140871208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring differences in substance use behaviours among gender minority and non-gender minority youth: a cross-sectional analysis of the COMPASS study.","authors":"Thepikaa Varatharajan, Karen A Patte, Margaret de Groh, Ying Jiang, Scott T Leatherdale","doi":"10.24095/hpcdp.44.4.04","DOIUrl":"10.24095/hpcdp.44.4.04","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Research characterizing substance use disparities between gender minority youth (GMY) and non-GMY (i.e. girls and boys) is limited. The aim of this study was to examine the differences in substance use behaviours among gender identity (GI) groups and identify associated risk and protective factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cross-sectional data from Canadian secondary school students (n = 42 107) that participated in Year 8 (2019/20) or Year 9 (2020/21) of the COMPASS study were used. Hierarchal logistic regression models estimated current substance use (cigarettes, e-cigarettes, binge drinking, cannabis and nonmedical prescription opioids [NMPOs]). Predictor variables included sociodemographics, other substances, mental health outcomes, school connectedness, bullying and happy home life. Interaction terms were used to test mental health measures as moderators in the association between GI and substance use.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to non-GMY, GMY reported a higher prevalence for all substance use outcomes. In the adjusted analyses, GMY had higher odds of cigarette, cannabis and NMPO use and lower odds for e-cigarette use relative to non-GMY. The likelihood of using any given substance was higher among individuals who were involved with other substances. School connectedness and happy home life had a protective effect for all substances except binge drinking. Bullying victimization was associated with greater odds of cigarette, e-cigarette use and NMPOs. Significant interactions between GI and all mental health measures were detected.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Findings highlight the importance of collecting a GI measure in youth population surveys and prioritizing GMY in substance use-related prevention, treatment and harm reduction programs. Future studies should investigate the effects of GI status on substance use onset and progression among Canadian adolescents over time.</p>","PeriodicalId":51316,"journal":{"name":"Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention in Canada-Research Policy and Practice","volume":"44 4","pages":"179-190"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11097744/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140872834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accidental substance-related acute toxicity deaths in older adults in 2016 and 2017: a national chart review study.","authors":"Jingru Helen Ha, Jacqueline Burt, Shane Randell, Amanda VanSteelandt","doi":"10.24095/hpcdp.44.3.03","DOIUrl":"10.24095/hpcdp.44.3.03","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Limited research exists on substance-related acute toxicity deaths (ATDs) in older adults (≥60 years) in Canada. This study aims to examine and describe the sociodemographic characteristics, health histories and circumstances of death for accidental ATDs among older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Following a retrospective descriptive analysis of all coroner and medical examiner files on accidental substance-related ATDs in older adults in Canada from 2016 to 2017, proportions and mortality rates for coroner and medical examiner data were compared with general population data on older adults from the 2016 Census. Chisquare tests were conducted for categorical variables where possible.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 2016 to 2017, there were 705 documented accidental ATDs in older adults. Multiple substances contributed to 61% of these deaths. Fentanyl, cocaine and ethanol (alcohol) were the most common substances contributing to death. Heart disease (33%), chronic pain (27%) and depression (26%) were commonly documented. Approximately 84% of older adults had contact with health care services in the year preceding their death. Only 14% were confirmed as having their deaths witnessed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings provide insight into the demographic, contextual and medical history factors that may influence substance-related ATDs in older adults and suggest key areas for prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":51316,"journal":{"name":"Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention in Canada-Research Policy and Practice","volume":"44 3","pages":"89-100"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11092309/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140159551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}