Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention in Canada-Research Policy and Practice最新文献

{"title":"Other PHAC publications","authors":"","doi":"10.24095/hpcdp.43.6.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24095/hpcdp.43.6.07","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51316,"journal":{"name":"Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention in Canada-Research Policy and Practice","volume":"223 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136178794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between social determinants of health and weight status in preschool children: a population-based study.","authors":"Jessica Wijesundera,&nbsp;Padma Kaul,&nbsp;Anamaria Savu,&nbsp;Sunjidatul Islam,&nbsp;Douglas C Dover,&nbsp;Linn E Moore,&nbsp;Andrea M Haqq,&nbsp;Geoff D C Ball","doi":"10.24095/hpcdp.43.6.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24095/hpcdp.43.6.02","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Social determinants of health (SDH) may influence children's weight status. Our objective was to examine relationships between SDH and preschoolers' weight status.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study included 169 465 children (aged 4-6 years) with anthropometric measurements taken at immunization visits from 2009 to 2017 in Edmonton and Calgary, Canada. Children were categorized by weight status based on WHO criteria. Maternal data were linked to child data. The Pampalon Material and Social Deprivation Indexes were used to assess deprivation. We used multinomial logistic regression to generate relative risk ratios (RRRs) to examine associations between ethnicity, maternal immigrant status, neighbourhood-level household income, urban/ rural residence and material and social deprivation with child weight status.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Children of Chinese ethnicity were less likely than those in the General Population to have overweight (RRR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.61-0.69) and obesity (RRR = 0.51, 0.42-0.62). Children of South Asian ethnicity were more likely than those in the General Population to have underweight (RRR = 4.14, 3.54-4.84) and more likely to have obesity (RRR = 1.39, 1.22-1.60). Children with maternal immigrant status were less likely than those without maternal immigrant status to have underweight (RRR = 0.72, 0.63-0.82) and obesity (RRR = 0.71, 0.66-0.77). Children were less likely to have overweight (RRR = 0.95, 0.94-0.95) and obesity (RRR = 0.88, 0.86-0.90) for every CAD 10 000 increase in income. Relative to the least deprived quintile, children in the most materially deprived quintile were more likely to have underweight (RRR = 1.36, 1.13-1.62), overweight (RRR = 1.52, 1.46-1.58) and obesity (RRR = 2.83, 2.54-3.15). Relative to the least deprived quintile, children in the most socially deprived quintile were more likely to have overweight (RRR = 1.21, 1.17-1.26) and obesity (RRR = 1.40, 1.26-1.56). All results are significant to p < 0.001.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest the need for interventions and policies to address SDH in preschoolers to optimize their weight and health.</p>","PeriodicalId":51316,"journal":{"name":"Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention in Canada-Research Policy and Practice","volume":"43 6","pages":"281-289"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10364580/pdf/43_6_2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9859610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"I just got tired of their healthy tips\": health promotion during public health crises.","authors":"Julia Dabravolskaj,&nbsp;Noreen Willows,&nbsp;Laena Maunula,&nbsp;Boshra A Mandour,&nbsp;Shannon Sim,&nbsp;Paul J Veugelers,&nbsp;Katerina Maximova","doi":"10.24095/hpcdp.43.6.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24095/hpcdp.43.6.05","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This qualitative study highlights parents' perspectives on pandemic-related changes to health promotion programming. We conducted 60-minute, semi-structured telephone interviews with 15 parents (all mothers) of children in Grades 4 to 6 between December 2020 and February 2021 in two western Canadian provinces. Transcripts were analyzed through thematic analysis. While some parents found the health promotion materials helpful, most were overwhelmed and did not access the materials, finding them intrusive, being preoccupied with other things and facing their own personal stressors. This study highlights key factors to be addressed and further investigated to ensure the successful delivery of health promotion programming during future crises.</p>","PeriodicalId":51316,"journal":{"name":"Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention in Canada-Research Policy and Practice","volume":"43 6","pages":"306-309"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10364579/pdf/43_6_5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9868523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disability-a chronic omission in health equity that must be central to Canada's post-pandemic recovery.","authors":"Matthew B Downer, Sara Rotenberg","doi":"10.24095/hpcdp.43.7.05","DOIUrl":"10.24095/hpcdp.43.7.05","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As Canada begins to recover and learn from the COVID-19 pandemic, health equity and public health policies must be a central tenet of reform. Recent work has begun to provide guidance on an equitable pandemic recovery in Canada, which highlights many important groups that require specific consideration in recovery policies.1 There is a key omission in many of these guidelines and, in fact, most health equity efforts-people with disabilities.</p>","PeriodicalId":51316,"journal":{"name":"Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention in Canada-Research Policy and Practice","volume":"43 6","pages":"348-351"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10414819/pdf/43_7_5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9979963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Availability of health-promoting interventions in high schools in Quebec, Canada, by school deprivation level.","authors":"Jodi Kalubi,&nbsp;Teodora Riglea,&nbsp;Robert J Wellman,&nbsp;Jennifer O'Loughlin,&nbsp;Katerina Maximova","doi":"10.24095/hpcdp.43.7.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24095/hpcdp.43.7.02","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>School-based health-promoting interventions (HPIs) foster adolescent health and well-being. Access to HPIs may differ by the socioeconomic advantage of students at each school (school deprivation). We assessed the importance of health issues and availability of HPIs and extracurricular activities by school deprivation in high schools in Quebec, Canada.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In 2016/17, 2017/18 and 2018/19, we interviewed school principals or a designee in 48 public high schools classified as disadvantaged (33%) or advantaged (67%). Schools rated whether 13 common health-related issues were important (i.e. warranted intervention) in their student population and reported whether HPIs to address these or other health issues and/or sports or special interest extracurricular activities had been available in the past year.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>84% of disadvantaged schools offered one or more HPIs in the past year compared to 73% of advantaged schools. Higher proportions of disadvantaged schools perceived most of 13 health-related issues as important. HPIs for bullying/exclusion, sex education and physical activity (issues subject to government mandates) were available in most schools. Higher proportions of disadvantaged schools offered non-mandated HPIs (i.e. for healthy eating, mental health/well-being and substance use). Higher proportions of advantaged schools offered extracurricular activities in all areas other than non-competitive sports, which was offered by equal proportions of advantaged and disadvantaged schools.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Government mandates appear to facilitate universal availability of HPIs in schools, possibly boosting equity in school-based health promotion. Further investigation of possible differences in the content, implementation and/or effects of HPIs based on school deprivation is warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":51316,"journal":{"name":"Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention in Canada-Research Policy and Practice","volume":"43 6","pages":"321-329"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10414818/pdf/43_7_2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9979967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender identity and sexual attraction among Canadian youth: findings from the 2019 Canadian Health Survey on Children and Youth.","authors":"Chinchin Wang,&nbsp;Gregory Butler,&nbsp;Suzy L Wong,&nbsp;Colin Steensma,&nbsp;Beth Jackson,&nbsp;Marisol T Betancourt,&nbsp;Karen C Roberts","doi":"10.24095/hpcdp.43.6.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24095/hpcdp.43.6.04","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gender identity and sexual attraction are important determinants of health. This study reports distributions of gender identity and sexual attraction among Canadian youth using data from the 2019 Canadian Health Survey on Children and Youth. Among youth aged 12 to 17, 0.2% are nonbinary and 0.2% are transgender. Among youth aged 15 to 17, 21.0%, comprising more females than males, report attraction not exclusive to the opposite gender. Given known associations between health and gender and sexual attraction, oversampling of sexual minority groups is recommended in future studies to obtain reliable estimates for identifying inequities and informing policy.</p>","PeriodicalId":51316,"journal":{"name":"Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention in Canada-Research Policy and Practice","volume":"43 6","pages":"299-305"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10364577/pdf/43_6_4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9868521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A cross-sectional study of mental health and well-being among youth in military-connected families.","authors":"Alyson L Mahar,&nbsp;Heidi Cramm,&nbsp;Matthew King,&nbsp;Nathan King,&nbsp;Wendy M Craig,&nbsp;Frank J Elgar,&nbsp;William Pickett","doi":"10.24095/hpcdp.43.6.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24095/hpcdp.43.6.03","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The study objective was to compare the mental health and risk-taking behaviour of Canadian youth in military-connected families to those not in military-connected families in a contemporary sample. We hypothesized that youth in military-connected families have worse mental health, lower life satisfaction and greater engagement in risk-taking behaviours than those not in military-connected families.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study used 2017/18 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children in Canada survey data, a representative sample of youth attending Grades 6 to 10. Questionnaires collected information on parental service and six indicators of mental health, life satisfaction and risk-taking behaviour. Multivariable Poisson regression models with robust error variance were implemented, applying survey weights and accounting for clustering by school.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This sample included 16 737 students; 9.5% reported that a parent and/or guardian served in the Canadian military. After adjusting for grade, sex and family affluence, youth with a family connection to the military were 28% more likely to report low well-being (95% CI: 1.17-1.40), 32% more likely to report persistent feelings of hopelessness (1.22-1.43), 22% more likely to report emotional problems (1.13-1.32), 42% more likely to report low life satisfaction (1.27-1.59) and 37% more likely to report frequent engagement in overt risk-taking (1.21-1.55).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Youth in military-connected families reported worse mental health and more risk-taking behaviours than youth not in military-connected families. The results suggest a need for additional mental health and well-being supports for youth in Canadian military-connected families and longitudinal research to understand underlying determinants that contribute to these differences.</p>","PeriodicalId":51316,"journal":{"name":"Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention in Canada-Research Policy and Practice","volume":"43 6","pages":"290-298"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10364578/pdf/43_6_3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9868524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Call for papers: Social Prescribing in Canada","authors":"","doi":"10.24095/hpcdp.43.6.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24095/hpcdp.43.6.06","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51316,"journal":{"name":"Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention in Canada-Research Policy and Practice","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136178797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using classification and regression trees to model missingness in youth BMI, height and body mass data.","authors":"Amanda Doggett,&nbsp;Ashok Chaurasia,&nbsp;Jean-Philippe Chaput,&nbsp;Scott T Leatherdale","doi":"10.24095/hpcdp.43.5.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24095/hpcdp.43.5.03","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Research suggests that there is often a high degree of missingness in youth body mass index (BMI) data derived from self-reported measures, which may have a large effect on research findings. The first step in handling missing data is to examine the levels and patterns of missingness. However, previous studies examining youth BMI missingness used logistic regression, which is limited in its ability to discern subgroups or identify a hierarchy of importance for variables, aspects that may go a long way in helping understand missing data patterns.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study used sex-stratified classification and regression tree (CART) models to examine missingness in height, body mass and BMI data among 74 501 youth participating in the 2018/19 COMPASS study (a prospective cohort study examining health behaviours among Canadian youth), where 31% of BMI data were missing. Diet, movement, academic, mental health and substance use variables were examined for associations with missingness in height, body mass and BMI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CART models indicated that the combination of being younger, having a selfperception of being overweight, being less physically active and having poorer mental health yielded female and male subgroups highly likely to be missing BMI values. Survey respondents who did not perceive themselves as overweight and who were older were unlikely to be missing BMI values.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The subgroups identified by the CART models indicate that a sample that deletes cases with missing BMI would be biased towards physically, emotionally and mentally healthier youth. Given the ability of CART models to identify these subgroups and a hierarchy of variable importance, they are an invaluable tool for examining missing data patterns and appropriate handling of missing data.</p>","PeriodicalId":51316,"journal":{"name":"Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention in Canada-Research Policy and Practice","volume":"43 5","pages":"231-242"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10237263/pdf/43_5_3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9572222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Other PHAC publications","authors":"","doi":"10.24095/hpcdp.43.5.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24095/hpcdp.43.5.08","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51316,"journal":{"name":"Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention in Canada-Research Policy and Practice","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135050952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}