Animal Health Research Reviews最新文献_第6页

The role of the bovine respiratory bacterial microbiota in health and disease. 牛呼吸道细菌微生物群在健康和疾病中的作用。

IF 2.5 2区农林科学

Animal Health Research Reviews Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.1017/S1466252320000316

Trevor W Alexander, Edouard Timsit, Samat Amat

{"title":"The role of the bovine respiratory bacterial microbiota in health and disease.","authors":"Trevor W Alexander, Edouard Timsit, Samat Amat","doi":"10.1017/S1466252320000316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1466252320000316","url":null,"abstract":"Increased antimicrobial resistance in bovine respiratory bacterial pathogens poses a threat to the effective control and prevention of bovine respiratory disease (BRD). As part of continued efforts to develop antimicrobial alternatives to mitigate BRD, the microbial community residing within the respiratory tract of feedlot cattle has been increasingly studied using next-generation sequencing technologies. The mucosal surfaces of upper and lower respiratory tracts of cattle are colonized by a diverse and dynamic microbiota encompassing commensal, symbiotic, and pathogenic bacteria. While a direct causal relationship between respiratory microbiota and the development of BRD in feedlot cattle has not been fully elucidated, increasing evidence suggests that the microbiota contributes to respiratory health by providing colonization resistance against pathogens and maintaining homeostasis. Certain management practices such as weaning, transportation, feed transition, and antibiotic application can disrupt the respiratory microbiota, potentially altering pathogen colonization. Microbiota-based approaches, including bacterial therapeutics that target restoring the normal respiratory microbiota, may provide new methods for mitigating BRD in feedlot cattle in place of antibiotics. In addition, the distinct bacterial respiratory microbial communities observed in BRD-affected and healthy feedlot cattle may allow for future application of microbiota-based techniques used in the diagnosis of BRD.","PeriodicalId":51313,"journal":{"name":"Animal Health Research Reviews","volume":"21 2","pages":"168-171"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S1466252320000316","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25456656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

BRD treatment failure: clinical and pathologic considerations. BRD治疗失败:临床和病理考虑。

IF 2.5 2区农林科学

Animal Health Research Reviews Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.1017/S1466252320000328

T L Ollivett

引用次数: 5

Improving resistance of cattle to BRD through genomics. 通过基因组学提高牛对BRD的抗性。

IF 2.5 2区农林科学

Animal Health Research Reviews Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.1017/S1466252320000171

Kristen L Parker Gaddis

{"title":"Improving resistance of cattle to BRD through genomics.","authors":"Kristen L Parker Gaddis","doi":"10.1017/S1466252320000171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1466252320000171","url":null,"abstract":"Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is of considerable economic importance to the dairy industry, specifically among young animals. Several studies have demonstrated that BRD has a significant genetic component, with heritabilities ranging from 0.04 up to 0.22, which could be utilized to select more resistant animals. Taking advantage of available genomic data will allow more accurate genetic predictions to be made earlier in an animal's life. The availability of genomic data does not negate the necessity of quality phenotypes, in this case, records of BRD incidence. Evidence has shown that genetic selection is possible through the use of producer-recorded health information. The national dairy cooperator database currently has minimal records on respiratory problems. There is an existing pipeline for these data to flow from events recorded by producers on the farm to the national database used for genetic evaluation. Additional data could also be collected through the expansion of currently utilized termination codes and used in conjunction with the records of direct health events. Selection for animals with improved BRD resistance is possible at the national level; however, collection of additional phenotypes remains a significant hurdle.","PeriodicalId":51313,"journal":{"name":"Animal Health Research Reviews","volume":"21 2","pages":"184-187"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S1466252320000171","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25456657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Evaluating farm-level livestock interventions in low-income countries: a scoping review of what works, how, and why. 评估低收入国家农场一级的牲畜干预措施:对有效措施、方式和原因的范围审查。

IF 2.5 2区农林科学

Animal Health Research Reviews Pub Date : 2020-12-01 Epub Date: 2020-12-02 DOI: 10.1017/S1466252320000146

Johanna F Lindahl, Florence Mutua, Delia Grace

{"title":"Evaluating farm-level livestock interventions in low-income countries: a scoping review of what works, how, and why.","authors":"Johanna F Lindahl, Florence Mutua, Delia Grace","doi":"10.1017/S1466252320000146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1466252320000146","url":null,"abstract":"Livestock interventions can improve nutrition, health, and economic well-being of communities. The objectives of this review were to identify and characterize livestock interventions in developing countries and to assess their effectiveness in achieving development outcomes. A scoping review, guided by a search strategy, was conducted. Papers needed to be written in English, published in peer-reviewed journals, and describe interventions in animal health and production. Out of 2739 publications systematically screened at the title, abstract, and full publication levels, 70 met our inclusion criteria and were considered in the study. Eight relatively high-quality papers were identified and added, resulting in 78 reviewed publications. Only 15 studies used randomized controlled trial designs making it possible to confidently link interventions with the resulting outcomes. Eight studies had human nutrition or health as outcomes, 11 focused on disease control, and four were on livestock production. Eight interventions were considered successful, but only four were scalable. We found good evidence that livestock-transfer programs, leveraging livestock products for nutrition, and helping farmers manage priority diseases, can improve human well-being. Our report highlights challenges in garnering evidence for livestock interventions in developing countries and provides suggestions on how to improve the quantity and quality of future evaluations.","PeriodicalId":51313,"journal":{"name":"Animal Health Research Reviews","volume":"21 2","pages":"108-121"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S1466252320000146","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38663347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Food for thought: nano-selenium in poultry nutrition and health. 思考食物:家禽营养与健康中的纳米硒。

IF 2.5 2区农林科学

Animal Health Research Reviews Pub Date : 2020-12-01 Epub Date: 2020-12-23 DOI: 10.1017/S1466252320000183

Peter F Surai, Ivan I Kochish

引用次数: 11

Generalizability and comparability of prevalence estimates in the wild bird literature: methodological and epidemiological considerations. 野鸟文献中流行率估计的普遍性和可比性:方法学和流行病学考虑。

IF 2.5 2区农林科学

Animal Health Research Reviews Pub Date : 2020-06-01 Epub Date: 2020-02-18 DOI: 10.1017/S1466252320000043

Nadine A Vogt, Christian P G Stevens, David L Pearl, Eduardo N Taboada, Claire M Jardine

{"title":"Generalizability and comparability of prevalence estimates in the wild bird literature: methodological and epidemiological considerations.","authors":"Nadine A Vogt, Christian P G Stevens, David L Pearl, Eduardo N Taboada, Claire M Jardine","doi":"10.1017/S1466252320000043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1466252320000043","url":null,"abstract":"Wild birds have been the focus of a great deal of research investigating the epidemiology of zoonotic bacteria and antimicrobial resistance in the environment. While enteric pathogens (e.g. Campylobacter, Salmonella, and E. coli O157:H7) and antimicrobial resistant bacteria of public health importance have been isolated from a wide variety of wild bird species, there is a considerable variation in the measured prevalence of a given microorganism from different studies. This variation may often reflect differences in certain ecological and biological factors such as feeding habits and immune status. Variation in prevalence estimates may also reflect differences in sample collection and processing methods, along with a host of epidemiological inputs related to overall study design. Because the generalizability and comparability of prevalence estimates in the wild bird literature are constrained by their methodological and epidemiological underpinnings, understanding them is crucial to the accurate interpretation of prevalence estimates. The main purpose of this review is to examine methodological and epidemiological inputs to prevalence estimates in the wild bird literature that have a major bearing on their generalizability and comparability. The inputs examined here include sample type, microbiological methods, study design, bias, sample size, definitions of prevalence outcomes and parameters, and control of clustering. The issues raised in this review suggest, among other things, that future prevalence studies of wild birds should avoid opportunistic sampling when possible, as this places significant limitations on the generalizability of prevalence data.","PeriodicalId":51313,"journal":{"name":"Animal Health Research Reviews","volume":"21 1","pages":"89-95"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S1466252320000043","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37650865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

A review of strategies to impact swine feed biosecurity. 影响猪饲料生物安全的策略综述。

IF 2.5 2区农林科学

Animal Health Research Reviews Pub Date : 2020-06-01 Epub Date: 2020-09-07 DOI: 10.1017/S146625231900015X

Savannah C Stewart, Steve S Dritz, Jason C Woodworth, Chad Paulk, Cassandra K Jones

{"title":"A review of strategies to impact swine feed biosecurity.","authors":"Savannah C Stewart, Steve S Dritz, Jason C Woodworth, Chad Paulk, Cassandra K Jones","doi":"10.1017/S146625231900015X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S146625231900015X","url":null,"abstract":"Global pork production has largely adopted on-farm biosecurity to minimize vectors of disease transmission and protect swine health. Feed and ingredients were not originally thought to be substantial vectors, but recent incidents have demonstrated their ability to harbor disease. The objective of this paper is to review the potential role of swine feed as a disease vector and describe biosecurity measures that have been evaluated as a way of maintaining swine health. Recent research has demonstrated that viruses such as porcine epidemic diarrhea virus and African Swine Fever Virus can survive conditions of transboundary shipment in soybean meal, lysine, and complete feed, and contaminated feed can cause animal illness. Recent research has focused on potential methods of preventing feed-based pathogens from infecting pigs, including prevention of entry to the feed system, mitigation by thermal processing, or decontamination by chemical additives. Strategies have been designed to understand the spread of pathogens throughout the feed manufacturing environment, including potential batch-to-batch carryover, thus reducing transmission risk. In summary, the focus on feed biosecurity in recent years is warranted, but additional research is needed to further understand the risk and identify cost-effective approaches to maintain feed biosecurity as a way of protecting swine health.","PeriodicalId":51313,"journal":{"name":"Animal Health Research Reviews","volume":"21 1","pages":"61-68"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S146625231900015X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38349296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

A review of congenital tremor type A-II in piglets. 仔猪A- ii型先天性震颤的研究进展。

IF 2.5 2区农林科学

Animal Health Research Reviews Pub Date : 2020-06-01 Epub Date: 2020-02-18 DOI: 10.1017/S146625232000002X

Hedvig Stenberg, Magdalena Jacobson, Maja Malmberg

{"title":"A review of congenital tremor type A-II in piglets.","authors":"Hedvig Stenberg, Magdalena Jacobson, Maja Malmberg","doi":"10.1017/S146625232000002X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S146625232000002X","url":null,"abstract":"Congenital tremor (CT) is a neurological disease that affects new-born piglets. It was described in 1922 and six different forms, designated type AI-V and type B, are described based on the causative agents, as well as specific histological findings in the central nervous system (CNS). The various forms present with identical clinical signs consisting of mild to severe tremor of the head and body, sometimes complicated with ataxia. By definition, all A-forms have hypomyelination of the CNS, whereas there are no histopathological lesions with the B-form. The cause of the A-II form was long unknown, however, at present several different viruses have been proposed as the causative agent: porcine circovirus-II (PCV-II), astrovirus, PCV-like virus P1, and atypical porcine pestivirus (APPV). Currently, APPV is the only virus that has been proven to fulfill Mokili's Metagenomic Koch's Postulates. Following infection of the pregnant sow, the virus passes the placental barrier and infects the fetus. Interestingly, no clinical signs of disease have been associated with APPV in adult pigs. Furthermore, other viruses cannot be ruled out as additional potential causes of CT. Given the increased interest and research in CT type A-II, the aim of this review is to summarize current knowledge.","PeriodicalId":51313,"journal":{"name":"Animal Health Research Reviews","volume":"21 1","pages":"84-88"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S146625232000002X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37650864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13

Zoonotic pathogens in urban animals: Enough research to protect the health of the urban population? 城市动物的人畜共患病原体:足够的研究来保护城市人口的健康?

IF 2.5 2区农林科学

Animal Health Research Reviews Pub Date : 2020-06-01 Epub Date: 2020-02-13 DOI: 10.1017/S1466252319000100

Johanna Lindahl, Ulf Magnusson

{"title":"Zoonotic pathogens in urban animals: Enough research to protect the health of the urban population?","authors":"Johanna Lindahl, Ulf Magnusson","doi":"10.1017/S1466252319000100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1466252319000100","url":null,"abstract":"With more than half of the global population living in cities, the urban areas are also teeming with animals, including peridomestic wildlife, pets, and livestock. Urban animals may carry zoonotic pathogens, and crowded conditions in cities can increase the risk for the human population. We used a systematic approach to screen two publication databases as well as gray literature, and quantified the studies conducted on zoonoses in urban animals with respect to the geographic distribution, the host animal and pathogens. Out of 876 references found, 93 were included into final data extraction. Few studies were from the rapidly expanding cities in low- and middle-income countries where urban livestock-keeping is far more prominent than in high-income countries. Most studies were performed in peridomestic wildlife and pets, less in livestock. The most common category of pathogens studied were gastrointestinal parasites followed by gastrointestinal bacteria, whereas studies on some other zoonoses internationally recognized as critical for public health were few or absent. In conclusion, to mitigate the risks of emergence of zoonoses from urban animals this review highlights the research gaps on zoonoses, particularly in livestock in rapidly growing tropical cities and a more comprehensive inclusion of pathogens prioritized by WHO and OIE.","PeriodicalId":51313,"journal":{"name":"Animal Health Research Reviews","volume":"21 1","pages":"50-60"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S1466252319000100","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37637963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

'Big Data' in animal health research - opportunities and challenges. 动物健康研究中的“大数据”——机遇与挑战。

IF 2.5 2区农林科学

Animal Health Research Reviews Pub Date : 2020-06-01 Epub Date: 2020-07-20 DOI: 10.1017/S1466252319000215

Janet I MacInnes

{"title":"'Big Data' in animal health research - opportunities and challenges.","authors":"Janet I MacInnes","doi":"10.1017/S1466252319000215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1466252319000215","url":null,"abstract":"Automated systems for high-input data collection and data storage have led to exponential growth in the availability of information. Such datasets and the tools applied to them have been referred to as 'big data'. Starting with a systematic review of the terms 'informatics, bioinformatics and big data' in animal health this special issue of AHRR illustrates some big-data applications with papers on how the use of various omics methods may be used to facilitate the development of improved diagnostics, therapeutics, and vaccines for foodborne pathogens in poultry and on how a better understanding of rumen microbiota could lead to improved feed absorption while minimizing methane production. Other papers in this issue cover the use of big data modeling in dairy cattle for more effective disease interventions and machine learning tools for livestock breeding. The final two reviews describe the use of big data in better vector-borne pathogen forecasts with canine seroprevalence maps and modeling approaches to understand the transmission of avian influenza virus. Although a lot of technical and ethical issues remain with the use of big data, these reviews illustrate the tremendous potential that big-data systems have to revolutionize animal health research.","PeriodicalId":51313,"journal":{"name":"Animal Health Research Reviews","volume":"21 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S1466252319000215","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38176434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0