Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics最新文献

{"title":"Comparison of fracture strength, surface hardness, and color stain of conventionally fabricated, 3D printed, and CAD-CAM milled interim prosthodontic materials after thermocycling.","authors":"Mesut Yıldırım, Filiz Aykent, Mahmut Sertaç Özdoğan","doi":"10.4047/jap.2024.16.2.115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4047/jap.2024.16.2.115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this <i>in vitro</i> study was to investigate the fracture resistance, surface hardness, and color stain of 3D printed, CAD-CAM milled, and conventional interim materials.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 80 specimens were fabricated from auto polymerizing polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), bis-acryl composite resin, CAD-CAM polymethyl methacrylate resin (milled), and 3D printed composite resin (printed) (n = 20). Forty of them were crown-shaped, on which fracture strength test was performed (n = 10). The others were disc-shaped specimens (10 mm × 2 mm) and divided into two groups for surface hardness and color stainability tests before and after thermal cycling in coffee solution (n = 10). Color parameters were measured with a spectrophotometer before and after each storage period, and color differences (CIEDE2000 [DE₀₀]) were calculated. The distribution of variables was measured with the Kolmogorov Smirnov test, and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Tukey HSD, Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney U tests were used in the analysis of quantitative independent data. Paired sample t-test was used in the analysis of dependent quantitative data (<i>P</i> < .05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The highest crown fracture resistance values were determined for the 3D printed composite resin (<i>P</i> < .05), and the lowest were observed in the bis-acryl composite resin (<i>P</i> < .05). Before and after thermal cycling, increase in mean hardness values were observed only in 3D printed composite resin (<i>P</i> < .05) and the highest ΔE₀₀ value were observed in PMMA resin for all materials (<i>P</i> < .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>3D printing and CAD-CAM milled interim materials showed better fracture strength. After the coffee thermal cycle, the highest surface hardness value was again found in 3D printing and CAD-CAM milled interim samples and the color change of the bis-acryl resin-based samples and the additive production technique was higher than the PMMA resin and CAD-CAM milled resin samples.</p>","PeriodicalId":51291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics","volume":"16 2","pages":"115-125"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11058348/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140868850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of sintering programs and surface treatments on monolithic zirconia.","authors":"Seren Nur Dokuzlu, Meryem Gülce Subaşı","doi":"10.4047/jap.2024.16.1.25","DOIUrl":"10.4047/jap.2024.16.1.25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the effect of sintering programs and surface treatments on surface properties, phase transformation and flexural strength of monolithic zirconia.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Zirconia specimens were sintered using three distinct sintering programs [classic (C), speed (S), and superspeed (SS)] (n = 56, each). One sample from each group underwent scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and grain size analysis following sintering. Remaining samples were divided into five subgroups (n = 11) based on the surface treatments: control (CL), polish (P), glaze (G), grind + polish (GP), and grind + glaze (GG). One sample from each subgroup underwent SEM analysis. Remaining samples were thermally aged. Monoclinic phase volume, surface roughness, and three-point flexural strength were measured. Monoclinic phase volume and surface roughness were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests. Flexural strength was analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Weibull analysis. The relationships among the groups were analyzed using Spearman's correlation analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sintering program, surface treatment, and sintering × surface treatment (<i>P</i> ≤ .010) affected the monoclinic phase volume, whereas the type of surface treatment and sintering × surface treatment affected the surface roughness (<i>P</i> < .001). Type of sintering program or surface treatment did not affect the flexural strength. Weibull analysis revealed no significant differences between the m and σ_o values. Monoclinic phase volume was positively correlated with surface roughness in the SGG and SSP groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>After sintering monolithic zirconia in each of the three sintering programs, each of the surface treatments can be used. However, for surface quality and aging resistance, G or GG can be recommended as a surface finishing method.</p>","PeriodicalId":51291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics","volume":"16 1","pages":"25-37"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10917628/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140061209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of a modified surgical protocol on the positional accuracy of dental implants placed using fully guided implant surgery in the partially edentulous posterior ridge with distal extension: a dentiform model study.","authors":"Young Woo Song, Seung Ha Yoo, Ui-Won Jung","doi":"10.4047/jap.2024.16.1.1","DOIUrl":"10.4047/jap.2024.16.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The present experiment aimed to evaluate the placement accuracy of fully guided implant surgery using a mucosa-supported surgical guide when the protocol of osteotomy and installation was modified (MP) compared to when the protocol was sequentially and conventionally carried out (CP).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>For 24 mandibular dentiform models, 12 dentists (6 experts and 6 beginners) performed fully guided implant placements two times at the right first and second molar sites using a mucosa-supported surgical guide, once by the CP (CP group) and at the other time by the MP (MP group). The presurgical and postsurgical stereolithographic images were superimposed, and the deviations between the virtually planned and actually placed implant positions and the procedure time were compared statistically (<i>P</i> < .05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The accuracies were similar in the CP and MP groups. In the CP group, the mean platform and apex deviations at the second molar site for the beginners were +0.75 mm and +1.14 mm, respectively, which were significantly larger than those for the experts (<i>P</i> < .05). In the MP group, only the mean vertical deviation at the second molar site for the beginners (+0.53 mm) was significantly larger than that for the experts (<i>P</i> < .05). The procedure time was significantly longer for the MP group (+94.0 sec) than for the CP group (<i>P</i> < .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In fully guided implant surgery using a mucosa-supported guide, the MP may improve the placement accuracy when compared to the CP, especially at sites farther from the most-posterior natural tooth.</p>","PeriodicalId":51291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics","volume":"16 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10917626/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140061210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum - Clinical outcome of immediately and early loaded implants with laser treated surface: a 3-year retrospective study.","authors":"","doi":"10.4047/jap.2024.16.1.66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4047/jap.2024.16.1.66","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article on p. 163 in vol. 10, PMID: 29713438.].</p>","PeriodicalId":51291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics","volume":"16 1","pages":"66"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10917627/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140061211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The metameric effect of monolithic zirconias with varying yttrium ratios.","authors":"Mehmet Ejder Güven, Özlem Kara","doi":"10.4047/jap.2024.16.1.48","DOIUrl":"10.4047/jap.2024.16.1.48","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the metameric disparities among monolithic zirconia materials with differing yttrium compositions across various lighting conditions.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Thirty-six square-shaped zirconia samples measuring 10 × 10 × 0.5 mm were prepared from monolithic zirconia materials with three different yttrium contents. A 0.2 mm thick layer of polymerized dual-polymerizable self-adhesive resin cement was created using a silicone mold with the same dimensions as the prepared zirconia specimens. To evaluate metamerism, color measurements were conducted using a spectrophotometer device on a neutral gray background in a color measurement cabinet that offers four different illumination environments. All samples underwent aging by subjecting them to 10000 thermal cycles using a thermal cycle tester. Following thermal aging, color measurements were taken once more, and the data were recorded using the CIE L^*, a^*, b^* color system. Two-way ANOVA and Post-hoc Bonferroni tests were employed to analyze the data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>It was observed that there was no statistical difference among the color measurements made in different illumination environments of the monolithic zirconia ceramics used to evaluate metamerism (<i>P</i> > .05). This observation remained consistent both before and after thermal aging. After thermal aging, the color of monolithic zirconia materials exhibited a tendency towards red and yellow hues, accompanied by a decrease in brightness levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It can be stated that different illumination conditions did not affect the metamerism of monolithic zirconia materials, but there was a color change in monolithic zirconia materials after a thermal aging period equivalent to one year.</p>","PeriodicalId":51291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics","volume":"16 1","pages":"48-56"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10917625/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140061212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical comparison of marginal fit of ceramic inlays between digital and conventional impressions.","authors":"Franklin Guillermo Vargas-Corral, Américo Ernesto Vargas-Corral, Miguel Angel Rodríguez-Valverde, Manuel Bravo, Juan Ignacio Rosales-Leal","doi":"10.4047/jap.2024.16.1.57","DOIUrl":"10.4047/jap.2024.16.1.57","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of this stuldy was to compare the clinical marginal fit of CAD-CAM inlays obtained from intraoral digital impression or addition silicone impression techniques.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The study included 31 inlays for prosthodontics purposes of 31 patients: 15 based on intraoral digital impressions (DI group); and 16 based on a conventional impression technique (CI group). Inlays included occlusal and a non-occlusal surface. Inlays were milled in ceramic. The inlay-teeth interface was replicated by placing each inlay in its corresponding uncemented clinical preparation and taking interface impressions with silicone material from occlusal and free surfaces. Interface analysis was made using white light confocal microscopy (WLCM) (scanning area: 694 × 510 µm²) from the impression samples. The gap size and the inlay overextension were measured from the microscopy topographies. For analytical purposes (i.e., 95-%-confidence intervals calculations and <i>P</i>-value calculations), the procedure REGRESS in SUDAAN was used to account for clustering (i.e., multiple measurements). For p-value calculation, the log transformation of the dependent variables was used to normalize the distributions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Marginal fit values for occlusal and free surfaces were affected by the type of impression. There were no differences between surfaces (occlusal vs. free). Gap obtained for DI group was 164 ± 84 µm and that for CI group was 209 ± 104 µm, and there were statistical differences between them (<i>p</i> = .041). Mean overextension values were 60 ± 59 µm for DI group and 67 ± 73 µm for CI group, and there were no differences between then (<i>p</i> = .553).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Digital impression achieved inlays with higher clinical marginal fit and performed better than the conventional silicone materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":51291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics","volume":"16 1","pages":"57-65"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10917630/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140061207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of different digital shade selection methodologies in terms of accuracy.","authors":"Nurşen Şahin, Çağrı Ural","doi":"10.4047/jap.2024.16.1.38","DOIUrl":"10.4047/jap.2024.16.1.38","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aims to evaluate the accuracy of different shade selection techniques and determine the matching success of crown restorations fabricated using digital shade selection techniques.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Teeth numbers 11 and 21 were prepared on a typodont model. For the #11 tooth, six different crowns were fabricated with randomly selected colors and set as the target crowns. The following four test groups were established: Group C, where the visual shade selection was performed using the Vita 3D Master Shade Guide and the group served as the control; Group Ph, where the shade selection was performed under the guidance of dental photography; Group S, where the shade selection was performed by measuring the target tooth color using a spectrophotometer; and Group I, where the shade selection was performed by scanning the test specimens and target crowns using an intraoral scanner. Based on the test groups, 24 crowns were fabricated using different shade selection techniques. The ΔE values were calculated according to the CIEDE2000 (2:1:1) formula. The collected data were analyzed by means of a one-way analysis of variance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For the four test groups (Groups C, Ph, S, and I), the following mean ΔE values were obtained: 2.74, 3.62, 2.13, and 3.5, respectively. No significant differences were found among the test groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although there was no statistically significant difference among the shade selection techniques, Group S had relatively lower ΔE values. Moreover, according to the test results, the spectrophotometer shade selection technique may provide more successful clinical results.</p>","PeriodicalId":51291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics","volume":"16 1","pages":"38-47"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10917631/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140061208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"3D quantitative analysis and SEM qualitative analysis of natural antagonist enamel opposing CAD-CAM monolithic zirconia or lithium disilicate tooth-supported crowns versus enamel opposing natural enamel.","authors":"Piyarat Woraganjanaboon, Chuchai Anunmana","doi":"10.4047/jap.2024.16.1.12","DOIUrl":"10.4047/jap.2024.16.1.12","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the maximum vertical wear, volume wear, and surface characteristic of antagonist enamel, opposing monolithic zirconia or lithium disilicate crowns.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The study comprised 24 participants (n = 12), who were randomly allocated to receive either a 5 mol% Y-TZP or a lithium disilicate crown in positions which would oppose the natural first molar tooth. The contralateral first molar along with its antagonist was considered as the enamel opposing natural enamel control. Data collection was performed using an intraoral scanner and polyvinylsiloxane impression. The means of the maximum vertical loss and the volume loss at the occlusal contact areas of the crowns and the various natural antagonists were measured by 3D comparison software. A scanning electron microscope was subsequently used to assess the wear characteristics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The one-year results from 22 participants (n = 11) indicated no significant differences when comparing the zirconia crown's antagonist enamel (40.28 ± 9.11 µm, 0.04 ± 0.02 mm³) and the natural enamel wear (38.91 ± 7.09 µm, 0.04 ± 0.02 mm³) (<i>P</i> > .05). Also, there is no significant differences between lithium disilicate crown's antagonist enamel (47.81 ± 9.41 µm, 0.04 ± 0.02 mm³) and the natural enamel wear (39.11 ± 7.90 µm, 0.04 ± 0.02 mm³) (<i>P</i> > .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While some studies suggested that monolithic zirconia caused less wear on opposing enamel than lithium disilicate, this study found similar wear levels to enamel for both materials compared to natural teeth.</p>","PeriodicalId":51291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics","volume":"16 1","pages":"12-24"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10917629/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140061206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction accuracy of incisal points in determining occlusal plane of digital complete dentures.","authors":"Kenta Kashiwazaki, Yuriko Komagamine, Sahaprom Namano, Ji-Man Park, Maiko Iwaki, Shunsuke Minakuchi, Manabu Kanazawa","doi":"10.4047/jap.2023.15.6.281","DOIUrl":"10.4047/jap.2023.15.6.281","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to predict the positional coordinates of incisor points from the scan data of conventional complete dentures and verify their accuracy.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The standard triangulated language (STL) data of the scanned 100 pairs of complete upper and lower dentures were imported into the computer-aided design software from which the position coordinates of the points corresponding to each landmark of the jaw were obtained. The x, y, and z coordinates of the incisor point (X_P, Y_P, and Z_P) were obtained from the maxillary and mandibular landmark coordinates using regression or calculation formulas, and the accuracy was verified to determine the deviation between the measured and predicted coordinate values. Y_P was obtained in two ways using the hamular-incisive-papilla plane (HIP) and facial measurements. Multiple regression analysis was used to predict Z_P. The root mean squared error (RMSE) values were used to verify the accuracy of the X_P and Y_P. The RMSE value was obtained after cross-validation using the remaining 30 cases of denture STL data to verify the accuracy of Z_P.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The RMSE was 2.22 for predicting X_P. When predicting Y_P, the RMSE of the method using the HIP plane and facial measurements was 3.18 and 0.73, respectively. Cross-validation revealed the RMSE to be 1.53.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Y_P and Z_P could be predicted from anatomical landmarks of the maxillary and mandibular edentulous jaw, suggesting that Y_P could be predicted with better accuracy with the addition of the position of the lower border of the upper lip.</p>","PeriodicalId":51291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics","volume":"15 6","pages":"281-289"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10774638/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139418564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-dimensional morphometric study on the retromolar pad.","authors":"Min-Sang Cha, Dae-Gon Kim, Yoon-Hyuk Huh, Lee-Ra Cho, Chan-Jin Park","doi":"10.4047/jap.2023.15.6.302","DOIUrl":"10.4047/jap.2023.15.6.302","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of this study was to classify the shapes of retromolar pads and assess their morphometric differences using a 3D model.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Two hundred fully edentulous or Kennedy Class I partially edentulous patients (400 retromolar pads) were enrolled. Scan data of the definitive mandibular casts produced through functional impressions were obtained using a 3D laser scanner. Seven parameters (transverse diameter, longitudinal diameter, transverse-contour length, longitudinal-contour length, longitudinal/transverse diameter ratio, longitudinal/transverse-contour length ratio, and angle of the retromolar pad line to the residual alveolar ridge line) were measured using image analysis software. Subsequently, the pads were classified according to the shape. Statistical analyses were performed using 95% confidence intervals.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Classifying the retromolar pads into three shapes led to high intra-examiner reliability (Cronbach's alpha = 0.933). The pear shape was the most common (56.5%), followed by oval/round (27.7%) and triangular (15.8%) shapes. There were no significant differences between the left and right sides according to the shape and no significant differences in any parameter according to age. The transverse diameter and longitudinal/transverse diameter ratio differed between sexes (<i>P</i> < .05). The triangular shape had a significantly different transverse diameter, transverse-contour length, longitudinal/transverse diameter ratio, and longitudinal/transverse-contour length ratio compared with the pear and oval/round shapes (<i>P</i> < .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>From a clinical reliability standpoint, classifying retromolar pads into three shapes (oval/round, pear-shaped, and triangular) is effective. The differences in the sizes among the shapes were attributed to the transverse measurement values.</p>","PeriodicalId":51291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics","volume":"15 6","pages":"302-314"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10774635/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139418565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}