Immunity & Ageing最新文献

{"title":"Frailty is related to serum inflammageing markers: results from the VITAL study.","authors":"Yannick van Sleen, Sudarshan A Shetty, Marieke van der Heiden, Milou C A Venema, Nicolas Gutiérrez-Melo, Erik J M Toonen, Josine van Beek, Anne-Marie Buisman, Debbie van Baarle, Delphine Sauce","doi":"10.1186/s12979-023-00391-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12979-023-00391-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Frailty describes an age-associated state in individuals with an increased vulnerability and less resilience against adverse outcomes. To score frailty, studies have employed the questionnaires, such as the SF-36 and EQ-5D-3L, or the Frailty Index, a composite score based on deficit accumulation. Furthermore, ageing of the immune system is often accompanied by a state of low-grade inflammation (inflammageing). Here, we aimed to associate 29 circulating markers of inflammageing with frailty measures in a prospective cohort study to understand the mechanisms underlying ageing.Frailty measures and inflammageing markers were assessed in 317 participants aged 25-90. We determined four different measures of frailty: the Frailty Index based on 31 deficits, the EQ-5D-3L and two physical domains of the SF-36. Serum/plasma levels of inflammageing markers and CMV/EBV seropositivity were measured using different techniques: Quanterix, Luminex or ELISA.All four measures of frailty strongly correlated with age and BMI. Nineteen biomarkers correlated with age, some in a linear fashion (IL-6, YKL-40), some only in the oldest age brackets (CRP), and some increased at younger ages and then plateaued (CCL2, sIL-6R). After correcting for age, biomarkers, such as IL-6, CRP, IL-1RA, YKL-40 and elastase, were associated with frailty. When corrected for BMI, the number of associations reduced further.In conclusion, inflammageing markers, particularly markers reflecting innate immune activation, are related to frailty. These findings indicate that health decline and the accumulation of deficits with age is accompanied with a low-grade inflammation which can be detected by specific inflammatory markers.</p>","PeriodicalId":51289,"journal":{"name":"Immunity & Ageing","volume":"20 1","pages":"68"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10680197/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138446968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4): new insight immune and aging.","authors":"Hyo-Jin Kim, Hyemin Kim, Jeong-Hyung Lee, Cheol Hwangbo","doi":"10.1186/s12979-023-00383-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12979-023-00383-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>TLR4, a transmembrane receptor, plays a central role in the innate immune response. TLR4 not only engages with exogenous ligands at the cellular membrane's surface but also interacts with intracellular ligands, initiating intricate intracellular signaling cascades. Through MyD88, an adaptor protein, TLR4 activates transcription factors NF-κB and AP-1, thereby facilitating the upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Another adapter protein linked to TLR4, known as TRIF, autonomously propagates signaling pathways, resulting in heightened interferon expression. Recently, TLR4 has garnered attention as a significant factor in the regulation of symptoms in aging-related disorders. The persistent inflammatory response triggered by TLR4 contributes to the onset and exacerbation of these disorders. In addition, alterations in TLR4 expression levels play a pivotal role in modifying the manifestations of age-related diseases. In this review, we aim to consolidate the impact of TLR4 on cellular senescence and aging-related ailments, highlighting the potential of TLR4 as a novel therapeutic target that extends beyond immune responses.</p>","PeriodicalId":51289,"journal":{"name":"Immunity & Ageing","volume":"20 1","pages":"67"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10668412/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138435381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circular RNA ZBTB46 depletion alleviates the progression of Atherosclerosis by regulating the ubiquitination and degradation of hnRNPA2B1 via the AKT/mTOR pathway.","authors":"Yahong Fu, Qiaowei Jia, Mengmeng Ren, Hengjie Bie, Xin Zhang, Qian Zhang, Shu He, Chengcheng Li, Hanxiao Zhou, Yanjun Wang, Xiongkang Gan, Zhengxian Tao, Xiumei Chen, Enzhi Jia","doi":"10.1186/s12979-023-00386-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12979-023-00386-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>CircZBTB46 has been identified as being associated with the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) and has the potential to be a diagnostic biomarker for CAD. However, the specific function and detailed mechanism of circZBTB46 in CAD are still unknown.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The expression levels and properties of circRNAs were examined using qRT‒PCR, RNA FISH, and subcellular localization analysis. ApoE^-/- mice fed a high-fat diet were used to establish an atherosclerosis model. HE, Masson, and Oil Red O staining were used to analyze the morphological features of the plaque. CCK-8, Transwell, and wound healing assays, and flow cytometric analysis were used to evaluate cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis. RNA pull-down, silver staining, mass spectrometry analysis, and RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP) were performed to identify the interacting proteins of circZBTB46.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CircZBTB46 is highly conserved and is significantly upregulated in atherosclerotic lesions. Functional studies revealed that knockdown of circZBTB46 significantly decreased the atherosclerotic plaque area, attenuating the progression of atherosclerosis. In addition, silencing circZBTB46 inhibited cell proliferation and migration and induced apoptosis. Mechanistically, circZBTB46 physically interacted with hnRNPA2B1 and suppressed its degradation, thereby regulating cell functions and the formation of aortic atherosclerotic plaques. Additionally, circZBTB46 was identified as a functional mediator of PTEN-dependent regulation of the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and thus affected cell proliferation and migration and induced apoptosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study provides the first direct evidence that circZBTB46 functions as an important regulatory molecule for CAD progression by interacting with hnRNPA2B1 and regulating the PTEN/AKT/mTOR pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":51289,"journal":{"name":"Immunity & Ageing","volume":"20 1","pages":"66"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10662463/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138292319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hindlimb unloading, a physiological model of microgravity, modifies the murine bone marrow IgM repertoire in a similar manner as aging but less strongly.","authors":"Coralie Fonte, Pauline Jacob, Anne Vanet, Stéphanie Ghislin, Jean-Pol Frippiat","doi":"10.1186/s12979-023-00393-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12979-023-00393-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The spaceflight environment is an extreme environment that affects the immune system of approximately 50% of astronauts. With planned long-duration missions, such as the deployment of the Lunar Gateway and possible interplanetary missions, it is mandatory to determine how all components of the immune system are affected, which will allow the establishment of countermeasures to preserve astronaut health. However, despite being an important component of the immune system, antibody-mediated humoral immunity has rarely been investigated in the context of the effects of the space environment. It has previously been demonstrated that 30 days aboard the BION-M1 satellite and 21 days of hindlimb unloading (HU), a model classically used to mimic the effects of microgravity, decrease murine B lymphopoiesis. Furthermore, modifications in B lymphopoiesis reported in young mice subjected to 21 days of HU were shown to be similar to those observed in aged mice (18-22 months). Since the primary antibody repertoire composed of IgM is created by V(D) J recombination during B lymphopoiesis, the objective of this study was to assess the degree of similarity between changes in the bone marrow IgM repertoire and in the V(D)J recombination process in 2.5-month-old mice subjected to 21 days of HU and aged (18 months) mice.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that in 21 days, HU induced changes in the IgM repertoire that were approximately 3-fold less than those in aged mice, which is a rapid effect. Bone remodeling and epigenetics likely mediate these changes. Indeed, we previously demonstrated a significant decrease in tibial morphometric parameters from day 6 of HU and a progressive reduction in these parameters until day 21 of HU, and it has been shown that age and microgravity induce epigenetic changes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These data reveal novel immune changes that are akin to advanced aging and underline the importance of studying the effects of spaceflight on antibody-mediated humoral immunity.</p>","PeriodicalId":51289,"journal":{"name":"Immunity & Ageing","volume":"20 1","pages":"64"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10659048/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138177960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 (VCAM-1) contributes to macular fibrosis in neovascular age-related macular degeneration through modulating macrophage functions.","authors":"Wen Deng, Caijiao Yi, Wei Pan, Jian Liu, Jinyan Qi, Juan Chen, Zengchao Zhou, Yiqin Duan, Xiangyan Ning, Jun Li, Changhua Ye, Zhongping Chen, Heping Xu","doi":"10.1186/s12979-023-00389-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12979-023-00389-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) is a major cause of blindness in the elderly. The disease is due to the growth of abnormal blood vessels into the macula, leading to the loss of central vision. Intravitreal injection of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors (e.g., anti-VEGF) is the standard of care for nAMD. However, nearly 50% of patients do not respond or respond poorly to the therapy. More importantly, up to 70% of nAMD patients develop macular fibrosis after 10 years of anti-VEGF therapy. The underlying mechanism of nAMD-mediated macular fibrosis is unknown although inflammation is known to play an important role in the development of abnormal macular blood vessels and its progression to fibro-vascular membrane. In this study, we measured the intraocular levels of adhesion molecule VCAM-1, ICAM-1, CD44, CD62L, and CD62P in nAMD patients with and without macular fibrosis and investigated the link between the levels of adhesion molecule and clinical features (e.g., visual improvement, retinal thickness, etc.). We further investigated the effect of VCAM-1 in macrophage function in vitro and the development of subretinal fibrosis in vivo using a two-stage laser-induced protocol.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The aqueous levels of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, CD44, and CD62L were significantly higher in nAMD patients compared to cataract controls. The aqueous level of VCAM-1 (but not other adhesion molecules) was significantly higher in patients with macular fibrosis than those without and the level correlated positively with the retinal thickness. VCAM-1 was highly expressed at the lesion site in the mouse model of subretinal fibrosis. Blocking VCAM-1 or its receptor VLA-4 significantly prevented macrophage infiltration and reduced subretinal fibrosis in vivo. VCAM-1 induced macrophage migration and upregulated the expression of Arg-1, Mmp12 and Il6 but down-regulated the expression of iNOS and Il1b in macrophages.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>VCAM-1 may contribute to the development of macular fibrosis in nAMD patients by modulating macrophage functions, including migration and profibrotic polarization.</p>","PeriodicalId":51289,"journal":{"name":"Immunity & Ageing","volume":"20 1","pages":"65"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10659061/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138177961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exercise improves cognitive dysfunction and neuroinflammation in mice through Histone H3 lactylation in microglia.","authors":"Hao Han, Yawei Zhao, Junda Du, Sushan Wang, Xuehan Yang, Weijie Li, Jiayi Song, Siwei Zhang, Ziyi Zhang, Yongfei Tan, Grant M Hatch, Ming Zhang, Li Chen","doi":"10.1186/s12979-023-00390-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12979-023-00390-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Exercise is postulated to be a promising non-pharmacological intervention for the improvement of neurodegenerative disease pathology. However, the mechanism of beneficial effects of exercise on the brain remains to be further explored. In this study, we investigated the effect of an exercise-induced metabolite, lactate, on the microglia phenotype and its association with learning and memory.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Microglia were hyperactivated in the brains of AlCl₃/D-gal-treated mice, which was associated with cognitive decline. Running exercise ameliorated the hyperactivation and increased the anti-inflammatory/reparative phenotype of microglia and improved cognition. Mice were injected intraperitoneally with sodium lactate (NaLA) had similar beneficial effects as that of exercise training. Exogenous NaLA addition to cultured BV2 cells promoted their transition from a pro-inflammatory to a reparative phenotype.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The elevated lactate acted as an \"accelerator\" of the endogenous \"lactate timer\" in microglia promoting this transition of microglia polarization balance through lactylation. These findings demonstrate that exercise-induced lactate accelerates the phenotypic transition of microglia, which plays a key role in reducing neuroinflammation and improving cognitive function.</p>","PeriodicalId":51289,"journal":{"name":"Immunity & Ageing","volume":"20 1","pages":"63"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10655345/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136400242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunological and senescence biomarker profiles in patients after spontaneous clearance of hepatitis C virus: gender implications for long-term health risk.","authors":"Rubén Martín-Escolano, Erick Joan Vidal-Alcántara, Javier Crespo, Pablo Ryan, Luis Miguel Real, Juan Ignacio Lazo-Álvarez, Joaquín Cabezas-González, Juan Macías, María Teresa Arias-Loste, Guillermo Cuevas, Ana Virseda-Berdices, Veronica Briz, Salvador Resino, María Ángeles Jiménez-Sousa, Amanda Fernández-Rodríguez","doi":"10.1186/s12979-023-00387-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12979-023-00387-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>About 25% of patients with acute hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection show spontaneous clearance within the first six months of infection but may remain at risk of inflammaging, aging, and liver and non-liver disease complications. This study evaluated the differences in the plasma levels of immune checkpoints (ICs) and senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) biomarkers between patients who had spontaneously eliminated HCV infection (SC group) and individuals without evidence of HCV infection (C group).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a multicenter retrospective study of 56 individuals: 32 in the SC and 24 in the C groups. ICs and SASP proteins were analyzed using a Luminex 200TM analyzer. The statistical analysis used Generalized Linear Models with gamma distribution (log-link) adjusted by significant variables and sex.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>13 ICs (BTLA, CD137(4-1BB), CD27, CD28, CD80, GITR, HVEM, IDO, LAG-3, PD-1, PD-L1, PD-L2, and TIM-3) and 13 SASP proteins (EGF, Eotaxin, IL-1alpha, IL-1RA, IL-8, IL-13, IL-18, IP-10, SDF-1alpha, HGF, beta-NGF, PLGF-1, and SCF) were significantly higher in SC group after approximately more than two years of HCV clearance. After stratifying by sex, differences remained significant for males, which showed higher levels for 13 ICs and 4 SASP proteins in SC. While only PD-L2 was significantly higher in SC women, and no differences in SASP were found.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Higher plasma levels of different IC and SASP proteins were found in individuals after more than two years of HCV clearance, mainly in men. Alterations in these molecules might be associated with an increased risk of developing liver and non-hepatic diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":51289,"journal":{"name":"Immunity & Ageing","volume":"20 1","pages":"62"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10655350/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136400254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aging and the impact of global DNA methylation, telomere shortening, and total oxidative status on sarcopenia and frailty syndrome.","authors":"Tomasz Kmiołek, Gabriela Filipowicz, Diana Bogucka, Anna Wajda, Adam Ejma-Multański, Barbara Stypińska, Ewa Modzelewska, Yana Kaliberda, Marcin Radkowski, Tomasz Targowski, Julia Wrona, Agnieszka Paradowska-Gorycka","doi":"10.1186/s12979-023-00384-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12979-023-00384-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aging is a biological event that influences many organs and systems. Both sarcopenia and frailty syndrome refer to geriatric conditions with overlapping phenotypes. Many mechanisms are involved in the aging process such as DNA methylation telomeres which are susceptible to oxidative stress, and inflammations which result in telomere shortening, leading to chromosomal instability. The study aimed to determine the associations between these processes, frailty and sarcopenia syndrome. Global DNA methylation was analyzed using the ELISA method. Telomere length was analyzed using qPCR. Total oxidative status (TOS) was analyzed using a colorimetric method. The present study revealed that the main factor affecting methylation, telomeres length and level of total oxidant stress was age.</p>","PeriodicalId":51289,"journal":{"name":"Immunity & Ageing","volume":"20 1","pages":"61"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10644469/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"107592769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Microglia preserve visual function in the aging retina by supporting retinal pigment epithelial health.","authors":"Margarete M Karg, May Moorefield, Emma Hoffmann, Hannah Philipose, Drenushe Krasniqi, Cindy Hoppe, Daisy Y Shu, Shintaro Shirahama, Bruce R Ksander, Magali Saint-Geniez","doi":"10.1186/s12979-023-00388-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12979-023-00388-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51289,"journal":{"name":"Immunity & Ageing","volume":"20 1","pages":"60"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10638712/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72211873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TBX21, the Master regulator of the type 1 immune response, overexpresses in the leukocytes of peripheral blood in patients with late-onset Alzheimer's disease.","authors":"S R Fatemi Langroudi, M Zeinaly, F Ajamian","doi":"10.1186/s12979-023-00385-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12979-023-00385-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The involvement of the peripheral immune system in the etiology of neurodegenerative diseases has recently been emphasized. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have recently identified several candidate immune genes linked to development of both Alzheimer's disease (AD) and depression. TBX21 (T-bet) which drives the Th1 immune response, is linked to the major depressive disorder (MDD) phenotype. This study investigated the association between the TBX21 immune gene and the possibility of late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) incidence in 194 LOAD and 200 control subjects using the real-time qPCR and the Tetra-ARMS-PCR methods. We also used an in silico approach to analyze the potential effects imparted by TBX21 rs17244587 and rs41515744 polymorphisms in LOAD pathogenesis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that the TBX21 \"immune gene\" had significantly elevated mRNA expression levels in the leukocytes of peripheral blood in patients with LOAD (P < 0.0001). We also found an upward trend in TBX21 expression with increasing age in LOAD patients compared to the control group (P < 0.05; CI = 95%). We noticed that the TT genotype of rs41515744 plays a protective role in LOAD incidence, as it attenuates the expression of TBX21 in the control group. We observed that the dominant model of rs41515744 represented a substantial association with LOAD (P = 0.019).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results show for the first time the likely impact of the TBX21 (T-bet) immune gene in LOAD development and that the elevated TBX21 mRNAs in the WBCs of LOAD patients may represent a new easy diagnostic test for Alzheimer's disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":51289,"journal":{"name":"Immunity & Ageing","volume":"20 1","pages":"59"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10636817/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72211874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}