BioMedicine最新文献

{"title":"A cross sectional study to assess the elevation in glucose regulated protein 78 levels in severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 infected patients and its correlation with metabolic conditions, severity, complications","authors":"Deepthi D’Souza, R. Bhandary, Reshma Kiran, Pavithra K., Sushith","doi":"10.51248/.v44i1.4122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51248/.v44i1.4122","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and Aim: COVID-19 pandemic has posed an exceptional challenge worldwide. Research encompassing newer diagnostic tests, targeted therapy has become the need of the hour. The objective of this work is to evaluate the levels of Glucose regulated protein 78 (GRP78) an Endoplasmic Reticulum stress (ERS) protein in Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus -2 (SARS -CoV-2) infected patients.\u0000 \u0000Materials and Methods: We carried out a cross-sectional investigation at the hospital, with three distinct groups: SARS-CoV-2-positive patients with metabolic syndrome (Group A), SARS-CoV-2-positive patients without metabolic abnormalities (Group B), and healthy volunteers (Group C). Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method was used to estimate the serum levels of GRP78.\u0000 \u0000Results: Our results showed that serum GRP78 levels were elevated in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infections. Furthermore, it could be demonstrated that Group A had considerably higher serum GRP78 levels than Groups B and C suggesting an elevated GRP78 levels in COVID-19 patients with metabolic syndrome These findings highlight the clinical importance of GRP78 in COVID-19 and its utility as a marker for severity of the illness.\u0000 \u0000Conclusion: This work compares the trend of serum GRP78 levels in SARS-CoV-2 patients with and without metabolic conditions as compared to the control group. This finding encourages more research on GRP78 to aid the development of targeted therapeutic and prophylactic interventions to combat COVID-19 infection.","PeriodicalId":512726,"journal":{"name":"BioMedicine","volume":"6 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140396675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A study on the prevalence and risk factors of coronary artery disease in patients with metabolic syndrome infected and not infected with COVID 19 from El- Oued (Algeria) region","authors":"Maroua Hammadi, Samir Derouiche","doi":"10.51248/.v44i1.4123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51248/.v44i1.4123","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and Aim: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a pathological process described by atherosclerosis plaque in the epicardial arteries. CAD is a chronic process that begins during adolescence and slowly progresses through life. Several traditional risk factors genetics and environmental, involve in the development of atherosclerosis process. This study was aimed to investigate the prevalence of CAD and its associated risk factors among the El Oued (Algeria) population.\u0000 \u0000Materials and Methods: An epidemiological study was carried out on 23422 patients who suffered from cardiovascular diseases. The study of risk factors analysis was focused on 300 voluntary individuals, their origins from different El-Oued areas, and the CAD and metabolic syndrome patients selected from public and private health interests. All the information was obtained by a questionnaire.  The risk of socio-clinical factors has been estimated by Binary Logistic regression was carried out between CVD and its associated risk factors. P < 0.05 from two-sided statistical tests was regarded as statistically significant.\u0000 \u0000Results:  Through the results presented in our study, we found that the clinical factors such as hypertension (OR=154.846, and; P =0.000), the group aged> 60  (OR=154.84, and; P =0.000 and chest pain (OR=42.667, and; P =0.000), present significant risk factors with CAD patients compared to healthy people (control), respectively, in contrast we show that the most dangerous Socioeconomic factors alcohol consumption and stress respectively for (OR=13.500= and; P =0.001), and obesity (OR=4.495= and; P =0.000),  but we estimate that sport is important protective factors for the disease with   OR=52.6, P 0.500) in the CAD patients compared to metabolic syndrome patients.\u0000 \u0000Conclusion:  The increasing prevalence of risk factors for coronary artery disease among the population has raised concerns for public health, which creates a health threat, especially with inadequate promotion and awareness programs.","PeriodicalId":512726,"journal":{"name":"BioMedicine","volume":"28 28","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140396737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Xeroderma pigmentosum with aggressive periodontitis - A rare case series","authors":"Shanmugapriya SundarRaj, Sugantha Priya Sai Ram, Saravana Priya Mohan Kumar","doi":"10.51248/.v43i6.3189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51248/.v43i6.3189","url":null,"abstract":"Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is a rare hereditary disease which is characterized by photosensitivity, abnormal pigmentations with freckling, actinic hyperkeratosis, scarring and prematureness of skin along with malignancies of ectodermal origin.  The defect is in the normal DNA repair gene which causes the typical clinical manifestations depending on the degree of ultraviolet light exposure, especially in the sun-exposed areas of the skin and mouth. The disorder is often found among populations where marriage of close blood relatives is common. Oral manifestations usually present as actinic cheilitis, and squamous cell carcinoma of lip and tongue. Here we report two cases of xeroderma pigmentosum with oral findings as generalized aggressive periodontitis which is a rare manifestation.","PeriodicalId":512726,"journal":{"name":"BioMedicine","volume":"266 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140491192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of fermentation conditions on antioxidative, antimicrobial and techno-functional properties of Camellia sinensis leaves","authors":"Reena Masih, Isha Mahendru, Sakshi Yadav, Ananya Rana, M. Samtiya, Neetu Taneja, T. Dhewa","doi":"10.51248/.v43i6.3591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51248/.v43i6.3591","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and Aim: Fermented food is an excellent source of nutrition as it contains promising bioactive compounds. Black tea is a fermented product and the most commonly used beverage. In the present study, the effects of various fermentation conditions and drying techniques on the proximate nutritional analysis, phytochemicals, tannin, antioxidative, and antimicrobial activity of Camellia sinensis leaves were examined.\u0000 \u0000Materials and Methods: The FTIR analysis was performed to detect the presence of different functional groups. Using standard methods, total phenol, flavonoid, and tannin content were determined. The antioxidant activity was determined by using DPPH, ABTS, and FRAPS assays.\u0000 \u0000Results: The results showed a decrease in protein content and an increase in ash, moisture, and crude fiber content, indicating that the samples’ nutritional profiles were improved after fermentation processing. The FTIR results showed the presence of hydroxy, carboxyl, amine, alkane, alkene, and alkyne bonding. The antioxidant activity of fermented samples was more than that of unfermented ones. Fermented samples had strong antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli. An increase in TPC and TFC contributed to the rise in the antioxidant activity of the fermented sample. An increase in TSS suggested improvement in flavour and sweetness. Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, demonstrated their potential as a natural antimicrobial agent.\u0000 \u0000Conclusion: The enhanced antimicrobial activity of fermented tea leaves highlights the importance of the fermentation process in producing tea with improved microbial control and possible health benefits.","PeriodicalId":512726,"journal":{"name":"BioMedicine","volume":"244 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140491159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ocular morbidity patterns among metal workers from an unorganized sector: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Pinaki Adak, Rituparna Ghoshal, Navneet Kumar","doi":"10.51248/.v43i6.3448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51248/.v43i6.3448","url":null,"abstract":" \u0000Introduction and Aim: The metal working process has many hazards that the metal workers are exposed to resulting in several health disorders and diseases. However, there is a lack of documented information regarding the prevalence of ophthalmic safety practices and the factors influencing them among metal workers in the Moradabad region or the study area.  The aim of the present study is to assess ocular morbidity patterns among the metal workers from an unorganized sector.\u0000 \u0000Methods: We conducted this study to find out the morbidity patterns among the metal workers working in Northwestern Uttar Pradesh, district Moradabad. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 100 metal workers using a pre-validated structured questionnaire.\u0000 \u0000Results: All the metal workers working, without any formal eye health and safety training. Eye Injury was the most common problem at work. The age of the metal workers, duration of employment & welding hours per day were associated with ocular morbidities among the metal workers. In this study, among 100 metal workers, 18% of workers were suffering from an occupational eye injury. 98% metal workers population don’t have any personal protective eye device.86% of them feel this protective eye device is not so necessary.\u0000 \u0000Conclusion: There is a need for occupational health safety awareness services for metal workers in Moradabad as well as in Uttar Pradesh. While further research may be required to make policy recommendations, the current study provides a baseline morbidity burden among these mental workers to look for interventions to promote health and safety at work for this neglected unorganized group.","PeriodicalId":512726,"journal":{"name":"BioMedicine","volume":"408 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140490624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utility of rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) using toluidine blue stain in respiratory cytology","authors":"Mohit Kumar, Archana S. Bhat, Don Gregory Mascarenhas","doi":"10.51248/.v43i6.3330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51248/.v43i6.3330","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and Aim: Cytology has gained importance as a diagnostic test in pulmonary lesions, especially in patients presenting with advanced malignancy which are surgically non-resectable. Although cytopathological diagnosis may be limited, its role cannot be underestimated considering the minimal invasive nature of the technique. Single slide (SS) Rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) will aid in adequacy assessment and diagnosis of pulmonary lesions on cytopathology.\u0000 \u0000Materials and Methods: We conducted a prospective study. SS ROSE was done on transbronchial fine needle aspiration and bronchial brushing specimens using toluidine blue staining. The slides were microscopically evaluated for adequacy and for diagnosis. In case of inadequate smears, a repeat was suggested. The diagnosis was compared with the diagnosis rendered on remaining slides which were processed using conventional cytology.\u0000 \u0000Results: The study includes 82 cases for ROSE. A correlation of 100% was found between ROSE diagnosis and final cytology diagnosis. Out of 82 cases, 24 cases were malignancies and 3 were granulomatous lesions on ROSE. The remaining were negative for atypical/malignant cells. 2nd pass was advised in 21 cases due to the inadequacy of the diagnostic material in 1st pass. Out of 21 cases advised for 2nd pass, 11 were found to be malignant. A statistically significant p value of 0.05 was obtained.\u0000 \u0000Conclusion: In our study, we found that ROSE using toluidine blue stain is simple, yet a very useful procedure to reduce the number of passes, the need for repeat bronchoscopy procedure and helpful in suggesting more samples for ancillary tests and rapid cytopathological diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":512726,"journal":{"name":"BioMedicine","volume":"96 3-4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140491843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between dyslipidemia and rotator cuff tear – A study","authors":"Dheeraj V. Kumar, Mithun Shetty, Sudeep Shetty, Manjunath S.","doi":"10.51248/.v43i6.3612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51248/.v43i6.3612","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and Aim: Rotator cuff diseases are the most common soft tissue injuries in the upper extremity with incidence ranging from 5% to 39%. The causes of rotator cuff tendon ruptures are multifactorial. Both extrinsic and intrinsic factors affect the degeneration of rotator cuff muscles. Few animal studies have shown detrimental effects on tendons in the presence of high lipid levels. The goal of the current investigation was to determine whether abnormal blood lipid levels and rotator cuff tears are related.\u0000 \u0000Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in a hospital setting at the AJ Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre in Mangalore over a 24-month period. The sample size obtained was 93 with the convenience sampling technique. The research involved clinical examination and routine blood investigations, fasting lipid profile and radiological examination. Following all the data collection, an association was assessed between fasting lipid values and rotator cuff tear using statistical analysis.\u0000 \u0000Results: Sixty-eight patients had an increased serum cholesterol level, which was shown to have a significant association with rotator cuff tear (chi square = 12.102 and p = 0.007). 52 patients suffering from rotator cuff tear had a low level of HDL, which was shown to have a statistically significant association (chi square = 13.098 and p = 0.042). 55 patients with rotator cuff tears had high LDL levels, which were shown to have a statistically significant association, (chi square = 9.487 and p = 0.023). 75 patients with rotator cuff tears had high triglyceride levels, which were shown to have a statistically significant association chi square = 8.044 and p = 0.044.\u0000 \u0000Conclusion: Our research revealed a statistically significant correlation between rotator cuff injuries and elevated serum cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL levels, and low HDL levels.","PeriodicalId":512726,"journal":{"name":"BioMedicine","volume":"390 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140490708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"D-dimer level and inflammatory markers in COVID-19 patients with and without diabetes mellitus - A comparative study during the first wave of the pandemic","authors":"Aditi Sharma, Rukmini M. S., Poornima A. Manjrekar, Neelam M. Pawar, S. K","doi":"10.51248/.v43i6.3665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51248/.v43i6.3665","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and Aim: High prevalence of diabetes mellitus makes it crucial to understand the distinctive inflammatory features of COVID-19 infection. Hyperglycemia and diabetes mellitus are independent prognosticators for mortality and morbidity in SARS-CoV-2 infection. This study compares D-dimer and inflammatory markers in COVID-19 patients with and without T2DM during the first wave of the pandemic.\u0000 \u0000Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital. D-dimer, IL-6, Ferritin, CRP and LDH levels in COVID-19 patients with and without T2DM were compared.  D-dimer values were correlated with the IL-6, Ferritin, CRP, LDH and checked for statistical evidence. HbA1c levels were assessed for association of the severity of COVID-19 infection.\u0000 \u0000Results:  Serum levels of inflammatory biomarkers of 205 COVID-19 patients were compared in which 106 had T2DM and 99 were non- diabetic. Ferritin and LDH showed statistically significant elevation in diabetic COVID-19 patients. D-dimer showed positive correlation with all the inflammatory markers both in diabetic and non-diabetic COVID-19 patients. HbA1c showed statistically significant positive correlation only with Ferritin in COVID-19 patients with T2DM.\u0000 \u0000Conclusion: Ferritin was significantly associated with severity of diabetes as indicated by correlation to HbA1c. D-dimer, Ferritin, IL-6 and LDH levels were significant in COVID 19 patients having diabetes and those without.","PeriodicalId":512726,"journal":{"name":"BioMedicine","volume":"402 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140490468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Helicobacter pylori infection with anemia in patients presenting with histopathology proven chronic gastritis","authors":"Himalini Nandakumar, Subalakshmi Balasubramanian, B. Gunabooshanam, Anitha Rani","doi":"10.51248/.v43i6.3065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51248/.v43i6.3065","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and Aim: Helicobacter pylori infection causing anemia has been attributed to impaired iron metabolism due to bleeding peptic ulcers or hypochlorhydria resulting in reduced absorption secondary to atrophic gastritis. Studies have revealed iron and Vitamin B12 deficiency and iron deficiency anemia to be a consequence of H.pylori infection and its eradication in improving the anemic status across varied demographic populations. The aim is to find the association of H. pylori infection with anemia in histopathology proven samples of chronic gastritis using red cell indices as a marker for anemia.\u0000 \u0000Materials and Methods: 336 formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue blocks of histopathology proven chronic gastritis specimens were considered from which details of H.pylori infection was obtained. Clinical pathology and biochemical findings were used to identify the anaemic status.  Data was tabulated and analyzed using appropriate statistical analysis.\u0000 \u0000Results: Prevalence of H.pylori was found to be 50% and was significantly higher (66.3%) in the age group of 31-45 yrs (p=0.008). There was no statistical significance between gender and H.pylori infection. Study showed a clinical difference in the RBC indices between patients with and without H.pylori infection but it was not statistically significant.\u0000 \u0000Conclusion: Though studies in the past have shown association between H. pylori infection and anemia, the same might not be applicable in patients with chronic gastritis. They might develop iron deficiency not severe enough to cause anemia, a possible reason behind the current study not proving an association between the two in patients with chronic gastritis.","PeriodicalId":512726,"journal":{"name":"BioMedicine","volume":"339 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140490898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae: A case series from tertiary care centre","authors":"Bhanu Thejaswi Pallempati, Sevitha Bhat, A. Bhat K., Shalini Shenoy Mulki","doi":"10.51248/.v43i6.2928","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51248/.v43i6.2928","url":null,"abstract":"Considered the new public threat, hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKp) has shown its prevalence in the Asia Pacific rim. It was first reported in Taiwan in 1986.Within the next few decades it became a cause of concern because of its pathogenicity and the panoptic nature of organs affected, and high mortality, especially in healthy individuals. The wide range of clinical picture includes hepatic abscess, distant metastases, pneumonia, necrotizing fasciitis, endophthalmitis, and meningitis. This case series aims to find such cases in Southern India and study the pattern, to provide an insight into hvKp and its prognosis and therapeutic strategies. It is a descriptive study performed in our medical college hospital where selective cases of microbiologically proven Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae were studied. An expert-validated structured proforma was used to obtain the information after obtaining permission from the authorities. It is imperative to identify risk factors, clinical features and management of hvKp cases globally, especially with the recent increase in its incidence. The emphasis should be mainly on the prevention of the infection in the community and healthcare facilities by actively working towards it.","PeriodicalId":512726,"journal":{"name":"BioMedicine","volume":"79 3-4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140491784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}