Historical Records of Australian Science最新文献_第8页

David Mellor at the California Institute of Technology, 1937–8, the beginnings of Australian magnetochemistry 加利福尼亚理工学院的大卫·梅勒，1937 - 1938年，澳大利亚磁化学的开端

IF 0.3 4区哲学

Historical Records of Australian Science Pub Date : 2020-09-14 DOI: 10.1071/HR20010

A. Baker

{"title":"David Mellor at the California Institute of Technology, 1937–8, the beginnings of Australian magnetochemistry","authors":"A. Baker","doi":"10.1071/HR20010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/HR20010","url":null,"abstract":"David Paver Mellor (1903–80) was a physical inorganic chemist of significant influence in coordination chemistry and chemical education in Australia. He retired in 1970 after a brief appointment as dean of the Faculty of Science at the University of New South Wales, having been head of the School of Chemistry there for more than a decade. Mellor had been appointed to the staff of the University of Sydney in 1929 and was one of the first Australians to use X-ray diffraction techniques for the determination of crystal structures. In 1936 he applied for a year of leave to work with Linus Pauling at the California Institute of Technology, particularly to learn more about crystal structure analysis. On sabbatical leave he spent a period of one year across 1937–8 in California where he carried out work on X-ray diffraction in Linus Pauling’s laboratory. Two 1939 articles in Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie appeared under his sole authorship as contributions from the California Institute of Technology. Perhaps more significantly, he published a 1938 Journal of the American Chemical Society paper with Charles D. Coryell on the magnetic properties of manganese(II) and cobalt(II) dipyridine chlorides. Mellor returned to Australia fired with enthusiasm for magnetochemistry. He built a magnetic balance and published many papers on the magnetic properties of coordination compounds with collaborators and students. Australian coordination chemistry has a strong tradition in magnetochemistry and that tradition started with Mellor’s work at the University of Sydney.","PeriodicalId":51246,"journal":{"name":"Historical Records of Australian Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47896752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Robert Edwards and the history of Australian rock art research 罗伯特·爱德华兹与澳大利亚岩画研究史

IF 0.3 4区哲学

Historical Records of Australian Science Pub Date : 2020-09-11 DOI: 10.1071/hr20011

M. A. Smith, J. Ross, R. Kimber

引用次数: 0

Reverend Voyce and Père O'Reilly's excavated collection from Bougainville: a case study in transnational histories of archaeologyin the Pacific voce牧师和p<e:1> re O'Reilly从布干维尔岛发掘的藏品:太平洋地区跨国考古学史的案例研究

IF 0.3 4区哲学

Historical Records of Australian Science Pub Date : 2020-08-10 DOI: 10.1071/hr20007

E. Haddow, Emilie Dotte-Sarout, J. Specht

{"title":"Reverend Voyce and Père O'Reilly's excavated collection from Bougainville: a case study in transnational histories of archaeology\u0000in the Pacific","authors":"E. Haddow, Emilie Dotte-Sarout, J. Specht","doi":"10.1071/hr20007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/hr20007","url":null,"abstract":"This paper considers the transnational collection, interpretation, and circulation of archaeological material acquired in North Solomon Islands (now the Autonomous Region of Bougainville) by Hobart born Methodist missionary the Reverend A. H. Voyce (1899–1984). In 1935, he gave an archaeological assemblage to Father P. O’Reilly, a French Marist priest, in the region to fulfil an ethnographic mission for the Musee d’Ethnographie du Trocadero/ Musee de l’Homme in Paris, France. Understanding the context of their encounter through international missionary networks, and the subsequent curation and interpretation of the artefacts collected by Voyce in multiple countries and according to different academic traditions, requires an approach that transcends traditional, nationally framed histories. Voyce and O’Reilly were from different socio-cultural and religious backgrounds, deeply inscribed in different national histories. Yet, they were nodes in an extensive network linking early twentieth-century ‘missionary-ethnographers’, Pacific interlocutors, and international scholars that could sometimes transcend language and denominational barriers. Both Voyce and O’Reilly shared a particular interest in ancient artefacts that has positioned them as important contributors to the early twentieth-century formulation of Pacific archaeology; their collections and the ideas they supported quietly becoming significant legacies for the discipline. We cross-analyze the sets of data we have been gathering independently on Voyce and O’Reilly to examine this collection’s story as an exemplary case-study in the transnational history of science.","PeriodicalId":51246,"journal":{"name":"Historical Records of Australian Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43290279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

'Casey did very good work for Wheeler and you are lucky to have him': Dermot Casey's under-appreciated importance in Australian archaeology “凯西为惠勒做了很好的工作，你很幸运有他”：德莫特·凯西在澳大利亚考古中的重要性被低估了

IF 0.3 4区哲学

Historical Records of Australian Science Pub Date : 2020-08-04 DOI: 10.1071/hr20009

M. Spriggs

引用次数: 0

The role of oral history in archiving archaeology: a case study from La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia 口述历史在考古存档中的作用:来自澳大利亚墨尔本拉筹伯大学的案例研究

IF 0.3 4区哲学

Historical Records of Australian Science Pub Date : 2020-07-07 DOI: 10.1071/hr19014

C. Spry, Jillian Garvey, Emmy Frost

引用次数: 1

Australia and the International Astronomical Union: the 1973 Sydney general assembly 澳大利亚与国际天文学联合会:1973年悉尼大会

IF 0.3 4区哲学

Historical Records of Australian Science Pub Date : 2020-06-23 DOI: 10.1071/hr20004

N. Lomb

{"title":"Australia and the International Astronomical Union: the 1973 Sydney general assembly","authors":"N. Lomb","doi":"10.1071/hr20004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/hr20004","url":null,"abstract":"Formed in 1919, the International Astronomical Union is the international body representing professional astronomers. Australia joined the union soon after its formation but, due to financial difficulties, dropped out for a few years until re-joining just before the Second World War. The main non-financial contribution any country can make to the union is to host one of its general assemblies that are held in different countries and cities every three years. After Australia’s bid to host a general assembly in 1967 or 1970 was unsuccessful, another bid was made for 1973. This second bid was accepted by the union’s executive council and confirmed in a letter from the union’s general secretary. The five years of planning and organisation for the assembly were made difficult by several external threats. The main one was the late proposal from Poland to move the 1973 assembly to Warsaw to celebrate the 500th anniversary of the birth of Copernicus. A compromise of an extraordinary general assembly in Poland following the ordinary one in Australia led to reduced numbers of overseas participants in Sydney. Despite this and other problems, the 1973 general assembly was regarded as highly successful.","PeriodicalId":51246,"journal":{"name":"Historical Records of Australian Science","volume":"31 1","pages":"118-126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47943981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Jack Golson, Roger Green and debates in New Zealand archaeology 杰克·戈尔森、罗杰·格林与新西兰考古学的争论

IF 0.3 4区哲学

Historical Records of Australian Science Pub Date : 2020-06-19 DOI: 10.1071/hr20002

H. Allen

引用次数: 2

Robert Donald Bruce Fraser 1924–2019 罗伯特·唐纳德·布鲁斯·弗雷泽1924-2019

IF 0.3 4区哲学

Historical Records of Australian Science Pub Date : 2020-06-03 DOI: 10.1071/hr19015

G. E. Rogers, A. Miller, D. Parry

{"title":"Robert Donald Bruce Fraser 1924–2019","authors":"G. E. Rogers, A. Miller, D. Parry","doi":"10.1071/hr19015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/hr19015","url":null,"abstract":"Robert Donald Bruce (Bruce) Fraser was a biophysicist who gained world-wide distinction for his extensive structural studies of fibrous proteins. Bruce began a part-time BSc degree at Birkbeck College, London, while working as a laboratory assistant. In 1942, aged 18, he interrupted his studies and volunteered for training as a pilot in the Royal Air Force (RAF). He was sent to the Union of South Africa and was selected for instructor training, specialising in teaching pilot navigation. At the end of the war he completed his BSc at King’s College, London, and followed this with a PhD. Bruce studied the structure of biological molecules, including DNA, using infra-red micro-spectroscopy in the Biophysics Unit at King’s led by physicist J. T. Randall FRS. During that time Bruce built a structure for DNA that was close to the Watson-Crick structure that gained them and Maurice Wilkins at Kings College, the Nobel Prize in 1962. In 1952, he immigrated to Australia with his family to a position in the newly formed Wool Textile Research Laboratories at the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO). Here, Bruce established a biophysics group for research on the structure of wool and other fibrous proteins that flourished until his retirement. Over that period he was internationally recognized as the pre-eminent fibrous protein structuralist world-wide. Having been acting chief, Bruce was subsequently appointed chief of the Division of Protein Chemistry and he remained in that role until he took retirement in 1987.","PeriodicalId":51246,"journal":{"name":"Historical Records of Australian Science","volume":"31 1","pages":"157-168"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47404141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

David Roderick Curtis 1927–2017 David Roderick Curtis 1927–2017

IF 0.3 4区哲学

Historical Records of Australian Science Pub Date : 2020-06-03 DOI: 10.1071/hr19016

S. Redman, R. Porter

引用次数: 0

John Dallachy (1804–71): collecting botanical specimens at Rockingham Bay 约翰·达拉奇（1804-71）：在罗金汉湾采集植物标本

IF 0.3 4区哲学

Historical Records of Australian Science Pub Date : 2020-02-07 DOI: 10.1071/hr19013

J. Dowe, S. Maroske

{"title":"John Dallachy (1804–71): collecting botanical specimens at Rockingham Bay","authors":"J. Dowe, S. Maroske","doi":"10.1071/hr19013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/hr19013","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Warning\u0000Readers of this article are warned that it may contain terms, descriptions and opinions that are culturally sensitive and/or offensive to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders.\u0000John Dallachy (1804–71) was employed by Baron Ferdinand von Mueller to collect plants as a pioneer resident of Cardwell, Rockingham Bay, Queensland, 1864–71. Mueller’s longest-serving paid botanical collector, Dallachy was also the most prolific collector of types among Mueller’s large network of collectors. In part, Dallachy’s success can be attributed to his collecting methods and intensive travels around the species-rich Rockingham Bay area. In part, also, Dallachy was indebted to fellow European pioneers for support (which was acknowledged in the eponymy of new taxa), and to local Indigenous and South Sea Islander people. Dallachy managed these relationships in a context of frontier war as local Indigenous people resisted being displaced by European colonists. Nevertheless, Dallachy’s opportunity to work as a full-time professional botanical collector, and the rapidity with which his new specimens were identified and published was, to a large extent, due to Mueller. The partnership with Mueller led to Dallachy contributing ~3500 specimens from Rockingham Bay to the Melbourne Herbarium of which ~400 taxa were considered new to Western science.\u0000","PeriodicalId":51246,"journal":{"name":"Historical Records of Australian Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42572963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1