Wind and Structures最新文献_第3页

Filling Missing and Extending Significant Wave Height Measurements Using Neural Networks and an Integrated Surface Database 利用神经网络和综合地表数据库填补缺失和扩展重要波高测量

IF 1.6 4区工程技术

Wind and Structures Pub Date : 2023-03-28 DOI: 10.3390/wind3020010

Damjan Bujak, Tonko Bogovac, D. Carevic, Hanna Miličević

{"title":"Filling Missing and Extending Significant Wave Height Measurements Using Neural Networks and an Integrated Surface Database","authors":"Damjan Bujak, Tonko Bogovac, D. Carevic, Hanna Miličević","doi":"10.3390/wind3020010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/wind3020010","url":null,"abstract":"Wave data play a critical role in offshore structure design and coastal vulnerability studies. For various reasons, such as equipment malfunctions, wave data are often incomplete. Despite the interest in completing the data, few studies have considered constructing a machine learning model with publicly available wind measurements as input, while wind data from reanalysis models are commonly used. In this work, ANNs are constructed and tested to fill in missing wave data and extend the original wave measurements in a basin with limited fetch where wind waves dominate. Input features for the ANN are obtained from the publicly available Integrated Surface Database (ISD) maintained by NOAA. The accuracy of the ANNs is also compared to a state-of-the-art reanalysis wave model, MEDSEA, maintained at Copernicus Marine Service. The results of this study show that ANNs can accurately fill in missing wave data and also extend beyond the measurement period, using the wind velocity magnitude and wind direction from nearby weather stations. The MEDSEA reanalysis data showed greater scatter compared to the reconstructed significant wave heights from ANN. Specifically, MEDSEA showed a 22% higher HH index for expanding wave data and a 33% higher HH index for filling in missing wave data points.","PeriodicalId":51210,"journal":{"name":"Wind and Structures","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85078171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Real-Time Repositioning of Floating Wind Turbines Using Model Predictive Control for Position and Power Regulation 基于位置和功率调节模型预测控制的浮式风力发电机组实时再定位

IF 1.6 4区工程技术

Wind and Structures Pub Date : 2023-03-23 DOI: 10.3390/wind3020009

Timothé Jard, Reda Snaiki

{"title":"Real-Time Repositioning of Floating Wind Turbines Using Model Predictive Control for Position and Power Regulation","authors":"Timothé Jard, Reda Snaiki","doi":"10.3390/wind3020009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/wind3020009","url":null,"abstract":"As offshore wind capacity could grow substantially in the coming years, floating offshore wind turbines (FOWTs) are particularly expected to make a significant contribution to the anticipated global installed capacity. However, FOWTs are prone to several issues due partly to environmental perturbations and their system configuration which affect their performances and jeopardize their structural integrity. Therefore, advanced control mechanisms are required to ensure good performance and operation of FOWTs. In this study, a model predictive control (MPC) is proposed to regulate FOWTs’ power, reposition their platforms to reach predefined target positions and ensure their structural stability. An efficient nonlinear state space model is used as the internal MPC predictive model. The control strategy is based on the direct manipulation of the thrust force using three control inputs, namely the yaw angle, the collective blade pitch angle, and the generator torque without the necessity of additional actuators. The proposed controller accounts for the environmental perturbations and satisfies the system constraints to ensure good performance and operation of the FOWTs. A realistic scenario for a 5-MW reference wind turbine, modeled using OpenFAST and Simulink, has been provided to demonstrate the robustness of the proposed MPC controller. Furthermore, the comparison of the MPC model and a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) model to satisfy the three predefined objectives indicates the superior performances of the MPC controller.","PeriodicalId":51210,"journal":{"name":"Wind and Structures","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89822724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Modular Lightning Protection for Wind Turbines 模块化防雷风力涡轮机

IF 1.6 4区工程技术

Wind and Structures Pub Date : 2023-03-16 DOI: 10.3390/wind3010008

S. Pastromas, E. Pyrgioti

引用次数: 1

Wind Tunnel Experiments on Interference Effects of a High-Rise Building on the Surrounding Low-Rise Buildings in an Urban Block 城市街区高层建筑对周边低层建筑干扰的风洞试验研究

IF 1.6 4区工程技术

Wind and Structures Pub Date : 2023-02-21 DOI: 10.3390/wind3010007

Yasuyuki Ishida, A. Yoshida, Shuhei Kamata, Yuta Yamane, A. Mochida

{"title":"Wind Tunnel Experiments on Interference Effects of a High-Rise Building on the Surrounding Low-Rise Buildings in an Urban Block","authors":"Yasuyuki Ishida, A. Yoshida, Shuhei Kamata, Yuta Yamane, A. Mochida","doi":"10.3390/wind3010007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/wind3010007","url":null,"abstract":"High-rise buildings cause accelerated winds around them. However, the interference effects of high-rise buildings on the surrounding low-rise buildings in urban blocks have not been evaluated. This study investigated the wind pressure coefficients on the roofs and walls of low-rise buildings surrounding a high-rise building through wind tunnel experiments. Seventy-two wind directions were considered from 0° to 355° in 5° increments, and the influence of the wind direction on the wind pressure coefficients of surrounding buildings was evaluated. At a 30° wind direction angle, the positive and negative peak wind pressure coefficients occurred in a low-rise building at the leeward side of the high-rise building. The positive peak pressure, approximately 1.4 times that without a nearby high-rise building, occurred at the windward corner on the front wall of a low-rise building. The negative peak value, approximately three times that without a nearby high-rise building, was observed at the windward edge on the roof of a low-rise building. Thus, accelerated winds caused by high-rise buildings may result in unexpected damage to the surrounding low-rise buildings.","PeriodicalId":51210,"journal":{"name":"Wind and Structures","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90097012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Aerodynamic Characterization of the 516 Arouca Pedestrian Suspension Bridge over the Paiva River Paiva河上516 Arouca行人悬索桥的空气动力学特性

IF 1.6 4区工程技术

Wind and Structures Pub Date : 2023-02-14 DOI: 10.3390/wind3010006

F. Marques da Silva

引用次数: 0

Analysis of the Skyscraper Wind around High-Rise Buildings in Coastal Region, South Korea, during Typhoon ‘Hinnamnor’ 台风“欣纳摩”期间韩国沿海地区高层建筑周围的摩天大楼风分析

IF 1.6 4区工程技术

Wind and Structures Pub Date : 2023-02-13 DOI: 10.3390/wind3010005

Jongyeong Kim, Yongju Kwon, B. Kang, Joowon Choi, S. Kwon

{"title":"Analysis of the Skyscraper Wind around High-Rise Buildings in Coastal Region, South Korea, during Typhoon ‘Hinnamnor’","authors":"Jongyeong Kim, Yongju Kwon, B. Kang, Joowon Choi, S. Kwon","doi":"10.3390/wind3010005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/wind3010005","url":null,"abstract":"High-rise buildings in cities adversely affect wind regimes by changing the air currents in their surrounding areas. In particular, extreme climate phenomena caused by climate change are stronger and more frequent, causing damage in cities. To better understand skyscraper wind behaviors around high-rise buildings, actual measurements are necessary to determine the environmental assessment of the wind effect. In this study, field measurements were performed with five anemometers at five points in the vicinity of a skyscraper called the LCT residential complex (411.6 m tall) surrounded by high-rise buildings in the coastal city of Busan, South Korea during Typhoon Hinnamnor. The gust was 3.7 times stronger, while the maximum 1-min mean wind speed was 3.1 times stronger than those measured at a nearby reference weather station operated by the Korean Meteorological Administration. The characteristics of downward and canyon winds were shown to depend on the spatiotemporal characteristics of the five points. The turbulence intensity declined as the wind speed increased and converged to a certain value. The gust factor also dropped as the wind speed increased and converged to 2.0, and was considered to be the parameter that best represents the intensity of instantaneous gust caused by the skyscraper wind effect. These results suggest that high-rise buildings should be designed with the consideration of gusts twice as strong as the average wind speed. In addition, field measurements should be accompanied in order to respond to the skyscraper wind effect.","PeriodicalId":51210,"journal":{"name":"Wind and Structures","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82367487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Study on Phase Characteristics of Wind Pressure Fields around a Prism Using Complex Proper Orthogonal Decomposition 用复固有正交分解研究棱镜周围风压场的相位特性

IF 1.6 4区工程技术

Wind and Structures Pub Date : 2023-02-08 DOI: 10.3390/wind3010004

Tomoyuki Murakami, Yuichiro Nishida, T. Taniguchi

{"title":"Study on Phase Characteristics of Wind Pressure Fields around a Prism Using Complex Proper Orthogonal Decomposition","authors":"Tomoyuki Murakami, Yuichiro Nishida, T. Taniguchi","doi":"10.3390/wind3010004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/wind3010004","url":null,"abstract":"Wind loads for the design of wind-resistant high-rise buildings are generally evaluated based on spectral modal analysis or time-history response analysis using wind pressure data obtained from wind tunnel experiments with rigid models. The characteristics of the fluctuating wind pressures around vibrating buildings must be evaluated for relevant wind-resistant designs because the wind pressures around buildings are affected by their vibrations. One of the methods to investigate fluctuating fields is complex proper orthogonal decomposition (CPOD), which can express complicated pressure fields, including advection phenomena, as coherent structures. This paper presents the phase characteristics of fluctuating wind pressures around rigid and elastic models of a square-sectioned prism evaluated via CPOD analysis using the results of wind tunnel experiments. The evaluation procedure for the symmetricity of the fluctuating wind pressure modes obtained via CPOD is presented. The similarity of fluctuating wind pressure fields is evaluated as the congruency of the planes formed by the 1st- and 2nd-eigenmodes. With symmetricity and similarity, the fluctuating wind pressure fields are classified into three types: resonant and non-resonant states in smooth flow, and in gradient flow. The characteristics of the three types of wind pressure fields are shown, respectively, in the symmetric and anti-symmetric modes.","PeriodicalId":51210,"journal":{"name":"Wind and Structures","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81701969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Impact of Ice Formation on Vertical Axis Wind Turbine Performance and Aerodynamics 冰的形成对垂直轴风力机性能和空气动力学的影响

IF 1.6 4区工程技术

Wind and Structures Pub Date : 2023-01-27 DOI: 10.3390/wind3010003

Sean Gerrie, S. Islam, Cameron Gerrie, G. Droubi, T. Asim

{"title":"The Impact of Ice Formation on Vertical Axis Wind Turbine Performance and Aerodynamics","authors":"Sean Gerrie, S. Islam, Cameron Gerrie, G. Droubi, T. Asim","doi":"10.3390/wind3010003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/wind3010003","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the impact of ice formation on the performance and aerodynamics of a vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT). This is an area that is becoming more prevalent as VAWTs are installed alongside horizontal axis wind turbines (HAWTs) in high altitude areas with cold and wet climates where ice is likely to form. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were performed on a VAWT without icing in Ansys to understand its performance before introducing ice shapes obtained through the LewInt ice accretion software and repeating simulations in Ansys. These simulations were verified by performing a wind tunnel experiment on a scale VAWT model with and without 3D printed ice shapes attached to the blades. The clean blade simulations found that wind speed had little impact on the performance, while reducing the blade scale severely reduced performance. The ice formation simulations found that increasing the icing time or liquid water content (LWC) led to increased ice thickness. Additionally, glaze ice and rime ice conditions were investigated, and it was found that rime ice conditions that occur in lower temperatures caused more ice to form. The simulations with the attached ice shapes found a maximum reduction in performance of 40%, and the experiments found that the ice shapes made the VAWT unable to produce power.","PeriodicalId":51210,"journal":{"name":"Wind and Structures","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78386673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Acknowledgment to the Reviewers of Wind in 2022 感谢《2022年风》的审稿人

IF 1.6 4区工程技术

Wind and Structures Pub Date : 2023-01-13 DOI: 10.3390/wind3010002

引用次数: 0

Switching Kalman Filtering-Based Corrosion Detection and Prognostics for Offshore Wind-Turbine Structures 基于切换卡尔曼滤波的海上风电结构腐蚀检测与预测

IF 1.6 4区工程技术

Wind and Structures Pub Date : 2023-01-05 DOI: 10.3390/wind3010001

R. Brijder, Stijn Helsen, A. Ompusunggu

引用次数: 2