Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology最新文献

{"title":"Effect of an Orthogonal Locking Plate and Primary Plate Working Length on Construct Stiffness and Plate Strain in an In vitro Fracture-Gap Model.","authors":"Brett Walter de Bruyn, Mark Glyde, Robert Day, Giselle Hosgood","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1779496","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0044-1779496","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong> The aim of this study was to compare stiffness and strain of an <i>in vitro</i> fracture-gap model secured with a primary 3.5-mm locking compression plate (LCP) at three primary plate working lengths without and with an orthogonal 2.7-mm LCP.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong> Primary plate screw configurations modeled short working length (SWL), medium working length (MWL), and long working length (LWL) constructs. Construct stiffness with and without an orthogonal plate during nondestructive four-point bending and torsion, and plate surface strain measured during bending, was analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong> Single plate construct stiffness was significantly, incrementally, lower in four-point bending and torsion as working length was extended. Addition of an orthogonal plate resulted in significantly higher bending stiffness for SWL, MWL, and LWL (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and torsional stiffness for MWL and LWL (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Single plate construct strain was significantly, incrementally, higher as working length was extended. Addition of an orthogonal plate significantly lowered strain for SWL, MWL, and LWL constructs (<i>p</i> < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong> Orthogonal plate application resulted in higher bending and torsional construct stiffness and lower strain over the primary plate in bending in this <i>in vitro</i> model. Working length had an inverse relationship with construct stiffness in bending and torsion and a direct relationship with strain. The inverse effect of working length on construct stiffness was completely mitigated by the application of an orthogonal plate in bending and modified in torsion.</p>","PeriodicalId":51204,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology","volume":" ","pages":"173-180"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139708503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanical Testing of Sliding on Pivot-Locking Clamp (SOP-LC) Fracture Repair System in Four-Point Bending and Torsion.","authors":"Angel Miller","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1778682","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0043-1778682","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong> The first objective of this study was to compare the mechanical performance of a straight and contoured rod for the sliding on pivot-locking clamp (SOP-LC) system. The second objective was to compare single-cycle bending and torsion of the SOP-LC rod-bone constructs to a bone gap model between two clamp configurations.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong> First experiment, 5 mm diameter rods from the 3.5 mm SOP-LC system, 4 straight and 4 bent rods were mechanically compared in four-point bending. The second experiment, 8 constructs with clamps on a single side of the rod and 8 constructs with clamps on alternating sides were compared in four-point bending and torsion. A torque limiting screwdriver at 2.5N was used for all constructs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong> There were not significant differences between the noncontoured versus contoured rods. Constructs with clamps on a single side had a significantly higher yield load, yield displacement and bending strength, but the constructs with alternating clamps had a significantly higher initial torsional stiffness. There were no other significant differences. Mild clamp slippage and mild screw bending were noted in all the torsion tested constructs graphically with multiple stiffness slopes and visually on the post-tested constructs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong> Torque applied to initial screw placement may play a role in reducing clamp slippage. Although bending yield load, bending yield displacement, bending strength and torsional stiffness were improved by different clamp placement, clinically this will depend on fracture type. Further studies are needed for clinical significance.</p>","PeriodicalId":51204,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology","volume":" ","pages":"163-172"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140870340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gait Analysis of Amputee Dogs Using a Pressure-Sensitive Walkway.","authors":"Túlio G Filho, Sheila C Rahal, Washington T Kano, Luciane R Mesquista, Maria J Mamprim, Jeana P Silva, Felipe S Agostinho","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1779727","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0044-1779727","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong> The aim of this study was to perform gait analysis using a pressure-sensitive walkway in dogs submitted to high (total) or low amputation (partial) of one forelimb or hindlimb.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong> A total of 39 dogs met the inclusion criteria. The reasons for the amputations were motor vehicle accidents in 38 dogs and possible limb malformation in 1 dog. The amputee dogs were divided into four groups: G1 (<i>n</i> = 10)-high forelimb; G2 (<i>n</i> = 10)-low forelimb; G3 (<i>n</i> = 9)-high hindlimb; and G4 (<i>n</i> = 10)-low hindlimb. For kinetic evaluation, the dogs were walked across a pressure-sensitive walkway.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong> In dogs with forelimb amputation, the percentage of body weight (%BW) distribution on the contralateral forelimb was 50.7% in cases of high amputation and 55.5% in cases of low amputation, while the %BW distribution on the hindlimbs, mainly in the ipsilateral hindlimb, was 27.9% in cases of high amputation and 27.1% in cases of low amputation. In cases of high amputation of the hindlimb, the %BW distribution was 71.5% on the forelimbs and 29.7% on the contralateral hindlimb, while in cases of low amputation, the distribution was mainly for the contralateral hindlimb and ipsilateral forelimb. No statistical difference was noted between the amputation levels, except for the contralateral limb in cases of low and high amputation of the hindlimbs concerning the overload percentage and %BW distribution.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong> The amputation level of one forelimb did not influence the %BW distribution; however, in the hindlimb, this was higher for the contralateral limb in dogs submitted to high amputation.</p>","PeriodicalId":51204,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology","volume":" ","pages":"189-195"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140177588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reducing Plate Strain with Orthogonal Plating.","authors":"Simon C Roe","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1787966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1787966","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51204,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology","volume":"37 4","pages":"v-vi"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141629284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum: Effect of Medial Opening Wedge and External Rotational Humeral Osteotomies on Medial Elbow Compartment Pressure: An Ex Vivo Study.","authors":"Ed Crystal, Alice Brettle, Thomas W Maddox, Dan Jones, Myles Benjamin Walton","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1786748","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0044-1786748","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51204,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology","volume":" ","pages":"e1"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140872798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Vitro Assessment of Compression Patterns Using Different Methods to Achieve Interfragmentary Compression during Tibial Plateau Levelling Osteotomy.","authors":"Rodrigo Alvarez, Claudio Motta, Diogo Miraldo","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1778132","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0043-1778132","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong> The aim of this study was to evaluate and characterize different methods to achieve interfragmentary compression during tibial plateau levelling osteotomy (TPLO).</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong> TPLO was performed in 20 canine tibia models (Sawbones, Vashon, Washington, United States) using 3D-printed guides for standardization. Interfragmentary compression was assessed using pressure-sensitive films (Prescale, Fujifilm, Atherstone, United Kingdom). Seven compression methods were tested: (1) Kern bone holding forceps clamping the craniodistal aspect of the TPLO plate to the caudal aspect of the tibia (K); (2) using the distal TPLO plate dynamic compression hole (P); (3) pointed bone reduction forceps engaging the caudal aspect of the proximal bone fragment and the cranial aspect of the tibial crest (F); (4) K + P; (5) K + F; (6) F + P; and (7) K + F + P. Five measurements were obtained for each method, and each bone model was used for two measurements (single method, ± plate). The interfragmentary surface was digitalized and divided into quadrants for standardization and pixel density calculation: Q1, craniomedial; Q2, craniolateral; Q3, caudomedial; and Q4, caudolateral. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post hoc tests were used for statistical analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong> Mean pressures per quadrant differed significantly between methods (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Methods K, F, and P produced more craniomedial, craniolateral, and caudal compression, respectively. Method K resulted in loss of caudal compression (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Method F + P provided the most even distribution of high interfragmentary compression forces. The addition of method K to this construct (K + F + P) marginally increased cranial compression (<i>p</i> = 0.189 for Q1; <i>p</i> < 0.001 for Q2), but reduced compression caudally (<i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong> Method F + P provided more even interfragmentary compression. If method K were used, then combined use with method F + P would be recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":51204,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology","volume":" ","pages":"130-137"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139405145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Humeral Condylar Fractures in French Bulldogs-Inciting Cause and Factors Influencing Complications of Internal Fixation in 136 Dogs.","authors":"Anna Condon, Ben Keeley, Duncan Midgley, Steven Butterworth, Imogen Schofield, Steven Bright","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1774416","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0043-1774416","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong> To report the inciting cause and configuration of humeral condylar fractures in French Bulldogs, and to identify risk factors for complications associated with their surgical stabilization, as well as their occurrence.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong> Retrospective multicenter clinical cohort study.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong> French bulldogs (<i>n</i> = 136) with humeral condylar fracture.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong> Records from eight United Kingdom referral centers were reviewed for French bulldogs that underwent surgery for humeral condylar fracture between January 2017 and January 2021.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong> Lateral fractures of the humeral condyle represented two-thirds of condylar fractures in this study (95 elbows; 69.8%); medial fractures of the humeral condyle and intracondylar Y or T fractures affected 22 (16.2%) and 19 (14%), respectively. A fall was the inciting cause for 60 elbows (45.6%), with stairs implicated in 27 (20.45%) elbows. Skeletal immaturity was significantly correlated with fracture. Complications affected 30 out of 132 dogs (136 elbows) (22%), of which 10 (33%) were major, and 20 (66%) were minor. Fixation method did not significantly impact complication rate for medial or lateral fractures of the humeral condyle (<i>p</i> = 0.87). Comminution increased the risk of complication for all humeral condylar fracture types (<i>p</i> = 0.02).</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong> Fixation method was not found to significantly impact the complication rate of surgically managed fractures of the humeral condyle in French bulldogs. Stair use, falling from low heights, and skeletal immaturity were common inciting reasons for humeral condylar fractures.</p>","PeriodicalId":51204,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology","volume":" ","pages":"115-121"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139708504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scapular Osteotomy for Lateral Access to a T1-2 Foraminal Disc Extrusion, Treated by Mini-Hemilaminectomy in a Dog.","authors":"Marie Nicolas, Stéphane Bureau, Chloé Job, Alexandre Guillemot","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1777263","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0043-1777263","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 4-year-old female spayed French bulldog was presented with a 2-day history of neck pain and left thoracic limb lameness with no neurological deficits. A computed tomography (CT) examination showed a left foraminal T1-2 disc extrusion. Surgical management was performed using a left lateral approach to the vertebral column with a scapular osteotomy. A T1-2 mini-hemilaminectomy was performed. The scapular osteotomy was stabilized with two 2.4-mm locking compression plates. The postoperative CT and radiographic examinations showed adequate decompression of the T1-2 foramen and good reduction in the scapular osteotomy. The dog was able to walk the following day. At the 1-month follow-up, the dog had no neck pain but persistent slight left thoracic limb lameness. Ten months postoperatively, a CT scan showed no abnormalities at the surgical site, and the dog had no neurological deficits nor lameness. The aim of this case report was to describe a new lateral approach to T1-2 intervertebral space.</p>","PeriodicalId":51204,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology","volume":" ","pages":"151-155"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139473048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrashort Echo Time Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Cruciate Ligaments in Normal Beagles.","authors":"Dennis E Socha, Sarah L Pownder, Mitsunori Kayano, Matthew F Koff, Kei Hayashi","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1778684","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0043-1778684","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong> The aim of this study was to provide normative ultrashort echo time magnetic resonance imaging (UTE MRI) data of the patellar ligament (PL), cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) and caudal cruciate ligament (CdCL) in non-lame Beagles.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong> Eight stifles from four subjects obtained immediately postmortem were imaged using UTE MRI in the true sagittal plane. Regions of interest were drawn manually and the total (T2*), short T2* (T2*S) and long T2* (T2*L) values of the signal decay were calculated to evaluate the bound and free water components of the tendon. The T2*S, T2*L and T2* values were compared between the PL, CrCL and CdCL RESULTS:  The mean and standard deviation of T2*S, T2*L and T2* were as follows: 0.54 ± 0.13, 4.65 ± 1.08 and 8.35 ± 0.82 ms for the PL; 0.46 ± 0.14, 5.99 ± 0.52 and 8.88 ± 0.4 ms for the CrCL and 0.41 ± 0.13, 7.06 ± 0.57 and 9.26 ± 0.18 ms for the CdCL. Significant differences were found between the T2*L component of the PL and each CrCL/CdCL and a smaller difference was noted between the T2*L of the CrCL and CdCL (<i>p</i> = 0.05). No difference of the T2*S value was found between any of the ligaments.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong> Establishing normative UTE data of the canine stifle is valuable for comparison in future studies in which normal and damaged ligaments may be evaluated, particularly in those affected limbs in which no instability is identified on physical examination in which normal and damaged ligaments may be evaluated.</p>","PeriodicalId":51204,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology","volume":" ","pages":"145-150"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139643311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early Surgical Management of Medial Patellar Luxation in Juvenile Dogs.","authors":"Alefe L C Carrera, Bruno W Minto, Eloy H P Curuci, Carla G Paula, Julia B Jassniker, Olicies Cunha","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1777347","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0043-1777347","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study was to analyse a series of five cases of early surgical treatment in juvenile canine patients with high-grade medial patellar luxation. Canine patients, with immature skeleton, affected by grade III or IV medial patellar luxation and treated by multimodal surgical techniques were selected. Five dogs of different breeds, mean age 7.2 ± 3.0 months, met the inclusion criteria. Simultaneous distal femoral varus and external tibial torsion were identified in three of the five cases, whereas in the others, femoral varus with associated tibial valgus and isolated external tibial torsion were observed. Four of the five patients were treated surgically with closing wedge osteotomy of the distal femur, and three of them underwent tibial tuberosity transposition simultaneously. Only two animals required trochleoplasty. Mean time to beginning of weight bearing was 9.8 ± 5.5 days, whereas time to bone healing was 55 ± 24 days. Bone realignment of the extensor apparatus and return to limb support were achieved in all cases. Postoperative reintervention was needed in one patient; however, it was not linked to the initial surgery. Patients were followed up to 1 year postoperatively, with maintenance of extensor alignment and no late complications. The early surgical approach has been shown to be effective in the definitive treatment of juvenile dogs affected by high-grade medial patellar luxation.</p>","PeriodicalId":51204,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology","volume":" ","pages":"156-161"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138806250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}