{"title":"Editorial commentary: The mundane and the profound of QT prolongation in the opioid abuse crisis","authors":"J. Kevin Donahue","doi":"10.1016/j.tcm.2023.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcm.2023.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51199,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"34 5","pages":"Pages 286-287"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9941334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jairo Aldana-Bitar , Deepak L. Bhatt , Matthew J. Budoff
{"title":"Regression and stabilization of atherogenic plaques","authors":"Jairo Aldana-Bitar , Deepak L. Bhatt , Matthew J. Budoff","doi":"10.1016/j.tcm.2023.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcm.2023.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Atherosclerotic plaque assessment has become a crucial element in the examination of cardiovascular diseases. Plaque may exhibit progression and could become unstable if not treated, making plaque regression and stabilization among the most important goals of any cardiovascular intervention in cardiovascular medicine. In this review, we explore the current understanding of plaque regression and stabilization, discuss imaging and measurement techniques, and examine the evidence for pharmacological interventions and other interventions aimed at addressing this condition.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51199,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"34 5","pages":"Pages 340-346"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10301298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Editorial commentary: Rhythm control in atrial fibrillation: How the early bird may get the worm","authors":"Alexander Turin , Eugene H Chung","doi":"10.1016/j.tcm.2023.04.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcm.2023.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51199,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"34 5","pages":"Pages 295-296"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9441536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Editorial commentary: Understanding the pathology of plaque progression and regression","authors":"Arielle Bellissard , Aloke V. Finn , Renu Virmani","doi":"10.1016/j.tcm.2023.09.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcm.2023.09.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51199,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"34 5","pages":"Pages 347-349"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41171830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ju Young Bae , Arzhang Fallahi , Wayne Miller , Martin B. Leon , Theodore P. Abraham , Sripal Bangalore , David H. Hsi
{"title":"A call to consider an aortic stenosis screening program","authors":"Ju Young Bae , Arzhang Fallahi , Wayne Miller , Martin B. Leon , Theodore P. Abraham , Sripal Bangalore , David H. Hsi","doi":"10.1016/j.tcm.2023.04.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcm.2023.04.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Aortic stenosis<span><span><span> (AS) is the most common age-related valvular condition with a prevalence of 13.1% in patients older than 75 years of age. Based on the severity of AS and </span>symptoms, current guidelines recommend interval monitoring with transthoracic </span>echocardiogram<span><span> (TTE). However, no guidelines exist regarding screening asymptomatic persons for AS. Prevalence of AS is comparable to conditions such as colorectal cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, and abdominal aortic aneurysm where dedicated screening programs are offered resulting in reduction of overall morbidity and mortality. We review recent advancements in </span>treatment options, and we propose an AS screening program for high-risk individuals without known history of AS including all persons over age 75 and persons aged 70 years and older with dialysis dependent end-stage renal disease (ESRD).</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":51199,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"34 5","pages":"Pages 297-301"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9361811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Editorial commentary: Clinical translation of vagus nerve stimulation in cardiovascular diseases: How bright is the light at the end of the tunnel?","authors":"Richard L. Verrier","doi":"10.1016/j.tcm.2023.07.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcm.2023.07.006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51199,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"34 5","pages":"Pages 338-339"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10021360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stefanos Zafeiropoulos , Umair Ahmed , Alexia Bikou , Ibrahim T. Mughrabi , Stavros Stavrakis , Stavros Zanos
{"title":"Vagus nerve stimulation for cardiovascular diseases: Is there light at the end of the tunnel?","authors":"Stefanos Zafeiropoulos , Umair Ahmed , Alexia Bikou , Ibrahim T. Mughrabi , Stavros Stavrakis , Stavros Zanos","doi":"10.1016/j.tcm.2023.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcm.2023.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Autonomic dysfunction and chronic inflammation contribute to the pathogenesis and progression of several cardiovascular diseases (CVD), such as heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, atherosclerotic CVD, pulmonary arterial hypertension, and atrial fibrillation. The vagus nerve provides parasympathetic innervation to the heart, vessels, and lungs, and is also implicated in the neural control of inflammation through a neuroimmune pathway involving the spleen. Stimulation of the vagus nerve (VNS) can in principle restore autonomic balance and suppress inflammation, with potential therapeutic benefits in these diseases. Although VNS ameliorated CVD in several animal models, early human studies have demonstrated variable efficacy. The purpose of this review is to discuss the rationale behind the use of VNS in the treatment of CVD, to critically review animal and human studies of VNS in CVD, and to propose possible means to overcome the challenges in the clinical translation of VNS in CVD.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51199,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"34 5","pages":"Pages 327-337"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10037634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Adham El Sherbini , Kiera Liblik , Junsu Lee , Adrian Baranchuk , Shetuan Zhang , Mohammad El-Diasty
{"title":"Opioids-induced inhibition of HERG ion channels and sudden cardiac death, a systematic review of current literature","authors":"Adham El Sherbini , Kiera Liblik , Junsu Lee , Adrian Baranchuk , Shetuan Zhang , Mohammad El-Diasty","doi":"10.1016/j.tcm.2023.03.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcm.2023.03.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>It is estimated that over 60 million individuals regularly use opioids globally, with opioid use disorder increasing substantially in the past decade. Several reports have linked sudden cardiac death, QTc prolongation, and other adverse cardiovascular outcomes with opioid use through their inhibitory effect on the human ether-a-go-go-related gene (HERG) ion channel. Therefore, understanding this underlying mechanism may be critical for risk prevention and management in prescribing opioids and treating patients with opioid dependency.</p></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><p>The present systematic review summarizes the current literature on the impact of opioids-induced inhibition of HERG channel function and its relationship with sudden cardiac death, QTc prolongation, and other cardiovascular adverse effects.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A systematic review was conducted of the databases PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, and ClinicalTrials.gov of primary studies that reported the effects of opioids on HERG channel function and associated cardiovascular outcomes.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The search identified 1,546 studies, of which 12 were finally included for data extraction. Based on the current literature, methadone, oliceridine, l-α-acetylmethadol (LAAM), and fentanyl were found to inhibit the HERG channel function and were associated with QTc prolongation. However, other opioids such as morphine, codeine, tramadol, and buprenorphine were not associated with inhibition of HERG channels or QTc prolongation. Additional cardiac outcomes associated with opioid related HERG channels dysfunction included sudden cardiac death and Torsade de Pointes.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our findings suggest that certain opioid consumption may result in the inhibition of HERG channels, subsequently prolonging the QTc interval and increasing patient susceptibility to sudden cardiac death.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51199,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"34 5","pages":"Pages 279-285"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9264857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Benefits of early rhythm control of atrial fibrillation","authors":"L. Eckardt , J. Wolfes , G. Frommeyer","doi":"10.1016/j.tcm.2023.04.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcm.2023.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>In contrast to current guidelines and earlier trials, recent studies demonstrated superiority of rhythm- over rate-control and challenged the strategy of \"rate versus rhythm\" therapy </span>in patients with atrial fibrillation. These newer studies have started to shift the use of rhythm-control therapy from the symptom-driven therapy of current guidelines to a risk-reducing strategy aimed at restoring and maintaining </span>sinus rhythm<span>. This review discusses recent data and presents an overview on the current discourse: The concept of early rhythm control seems attractive. Patients with rhythm control may undergo less atrial remodeling<span><span> compared to those with rate control. In addition, in EAST-AFNET 4 an outcome-reducing effect of rhythm control was achieved by delivering therapy with relatively few complications early after the initial AF diagnosis. Successful rhythm control therapy and most likely reduced AF burden, estimated by the presence of sinus rhythm at 12 months after randomization, explained most of the reduction in cardiovascular outcomes achieved by rhythm control. However, it is too early to call for early rhythm control for all AF patients. Rhythm control may raise concerns regarding the generalizability of trial results in routine practice involving important questions on the definition of \"early\" and \"successful\", and the relevant issue of antiarrhythmic drugs versus </span>catheter ablation. Further information is required to select patients who will benefit from an early ablative or non-ablative rhythm management.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":51199,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"34 5","pages":"Pages 288-294"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9338007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}