{"title":"Design of Defected Non-hermitian Chains of Resonator Dimers for Spatial and Spatio-temporal Localizations","authors":"Habib Ammari, Erik Orvehed Hiltunen, Thea Kosche","doi":"10.1137/23m1573896","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1137/23m1573896","url":null,"abstract":"SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics, Volume 83, Issue 6, Page 2443-2468, December 2023. <br/> Abstract. The aim of this article is to advance the field of metamaterials by proposing formulas for the design of high-contrast metamaterials with prescribed subwavelength defect mode eigenfrequencies. This is achieved in two settings: (i) design of non-Hermitian static materials and (ii) design of instantly changing non-Hermitian time-dependent materials. The design of static materials is achieved via characterizing equations for the defect mode eigenfrequencies in the setting of a defected dimer material. These characterizing equations are the basis for obtaining formulas for the material parameters of the defect which admit given defect mode eigenfrequencies. Explicit formulas are provided in the setting of one and two given defect mode eigenfrequencies in the setting of a defected chain of dimers. In the time-dependent case, we first analyze the influence of time boundaries on the subwavelength solutions. We find that subwavelength solutions are preserved if and only if the material parameters satisfy a temporal Snell’s law across the time boundary. The same result also identifies the change of the time frequencies uniquely. Combining this result with those on the design of static materials, we obtain an explicit formula for the material design of instantly changing defected dimer materials which admit subwavelength modes with prescribed time-dependent defect mode eigenfrequency. Finally, we use this formula to create materials which admit spatio-temporally localized defect modes.","PeriodicalId":51149,"journal":{"name":"SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138527994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Spectral Patterns of Elastic Transmission Eigenfunctions: Boundary Localization, Surface Resonance, and Stress Concentration","authors":"Yan Jiang, Hongyu Liu, Jiachuan Zhang, Kai Zhang","doi":"10.1137/22m1538417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1137/22m1538417","url":null,"abstract":"SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics, Volume 83, Issue 6, Page 2469-2498, December 2023. <br/> Abstract. We present a comprehensive study of new discoveries on the spectral patterns of elastic transmission eigenfunctions, including boundary localization, surface resonance, and stress concentration. In the case where the domain is radial and the underlying parameters are constant, we give rigorous justifications and derive a thorough understanding of those intriguing geometric and physical patterns. We also present numerical examples to verify that the same results hold in general geometric and parameter setups.","PeriodicalId":51149,"journal":{"name":"SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138527996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Homogenization for a Variational Problem with a Slip Interface Condition","authors":"Miao-jung Yvonne Ou, Silvia Jiménez Bolaños","doi":"10.1137/22m1506961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1137/22m1506961","url":null,"abstract":"SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics, Volume 83, Issue 6, Page 2390-2417, December 2023. <br/> Abstract. Inspired by applications, we study the effect of interface slip on the effective wave propagation in poroelastic materials, which are composites consisting of elastic frames whose pore space is filled with fluid. The current literature on the homogenization for the poroelastic wave equations are all based on the no-slip interface condition posed on the microscale. However, for certain pore fluids, the no-slip condition is known to be physically invalid. In the literature, slip boundary conditions have been considered for porous materials with rigid solid frames. For these rigid porous materials, the wave can only propagate in the pore fluid and hence the equations for the microscale are posed only in the pore space. Consequently, the slip on the interface involves only the fluid velocity and the fluid stress. In contrast, for poroelastic materials, the wave can propagate not only in the pore fluid but also in the solid frame; hence the slip conditions involve the velocities on both sides of the interface, rather than just the fluid side. With this slip condition, a variational boundary value problem governing the small vibrations of a periodic mixture of an elastic solid and a slightly viscous fluid is studied in this paper. The method of two-scale convergence is used to obtain the macroscopic behavior of the solution and to identify the role played by the slip interface condition.","PeriodicalId":51149,"journal":{"name":"SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138527999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multiscale Modeling and Analysis of Growth of Plant Tissues","authors":"Arezki Boudaoud, Annamaria Kiss, Mariya Ptashnyk","doi":"10.1137/23m1553315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1137/23m1553315","url":null,"abstract":"SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics, Volume 83, Issue 6, Page 2354-2389, December 2023. <br/> Abstract. How morphogenesis depends on cell properties is an active direction of research. Here, we focus on mechanical models of growing plant tissues, where microscopic (sub)cellular structure is taken into account. In order to establish links between microscopic and macroscopic tissue properties, we perform a multiscale analysis of a model of growing plant tissue with subcellular resolution. We use homogenization to rigorously derive the corresponding macroscopic tissue-scale model. Tissue-scale mechanical properties are computed from microscopic structural and material properties, taking into account deformation by the growth field. We then consider case studies and numerically compare the detailed microscopic model and the tissue-scale model, both implemented using the finite element method. We find that the macroscopic model can be used to efficiently make predictions about several configurations of interest. Our work will help making links between microscopic measurements and macroscopic observations in growing tissues.","PeriodicalId":51149,"journal":{"name":"SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138527987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Density Description of a Bounded-Confidence Model of Opinion Dynamics on Hypergraphs","authors":"Weiqi Chu, Mason A. Porter","doi":"10.1137/22m148608x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1137/22m148608x","url":null,"abstract":"SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics, Volume 83, Issue 6, Page 2310-2328, December 2023. <br/> Abstract. Social interactions often occur between three or more agents simultaneously. Examining opinion dynamics on hypergraphs allows one to study the effect of such polyadic interactions on the opinions of agents. In this paper, we consider a bounded-confidence model (BCM), in which opinions take continuous values and interacting agents comprise their opinions if they are close enough to each other. We study a density description of a Deffuant–Weisbuch BCM on hypergraphs. We derive a rate equation for the mean-field opinion density as the number of agents becomes infinite, and we prove that this rate equation yields a probability density that converges to noninteracting opinion clusters. Using numerical simulations, we examine bifurcations of the density-based BCM’s steady-state opinion clusters and demonstrate that the agent-based BCM converges to the density description of the BCM as the number of agents becomes infinite.","PeriodicalId":51149,"journal":{"name":"SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138527989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hypernetworks: Cluster Synchronization Is a Higher-Order Effect","authors":"Sören von der Gracht, Eddie Nijholt, Bob Rink","doi":"10.1137/23m1561075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1137/23m1561075","url":null,"abstract":"SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics, Volume 83, Issue 6, Page 2329-2353, December 2023. <br/> Abstract. Many networked systems are governed by non-pairwise interactions between nodes. The resulting higher-order interaction structure can then be encoded by means of a hypernetwork. In this paper we consider dynamical systems on hypernetworks by defining a class of admissible maps for every such hypernetwork. We explain how to classify robust cluster synchronization patterns on hypernetworks by finding balanced partitions, and we generalize the concept of a graph fibration to the hypernetwork context. We also show that robust synchronization patterns are only fully determined by polynomial admissible maps of high order. This means that, unlike in dyadic networks, cluster synchronization on hypernetworks is a higher-order, i.e., nonlinear, effect. We give a formula, in terms of the order of the hypernetwork, for the degree of the polynomial admissible maps that determine robust synchronization patterns. We also demonstrate that this degree is optimal by investigating a class of examples. We conclude by demonstrating how this effect may cause remarkable synchrony breaking bifurcations that occur at high polynomial degree.","PeriodicalId":51149,"journal":{"name":"SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138527990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
James Dalby, Yucen Han, Apala Majumdar, Lidia Mrad
{"title":"A Multifaceted Study of Nematic Order Reconstruction in Microfluidic Channels","authors":"James Dalby, Yucen Han, Apala Majumdar, Lidia Mrad","doi":"10.1137/22m1490909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1137/22m1490909","url":null,"abstract":"SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics, Volume 83, Issue 6, Page 2284-2309, December 2023. <br/> Abstract. We study order reconstruction (OR) solutions in the Beris–Edwards framework for nematodynamics, for both passive and active nematic flows in a microfluidic channel. OR solutions exhibit polydomains and domain walls, and as such, are of physical interest. We show that OR solutions exist for passive flows with constant velocity and pressure, but only for specific boundary conditions. We prove the existence of unique, symmetric, and nonsingular nematic profiles for boundary conditions that do not allow for OR solutions. We compute asymptotic expansions for OR-type solutions for passive flows with nonconstant velocity and pressure, and active flows, which shed light on the internal structure of domain walls. The asymptotics are complemented by numerical studies that demonstrate the universality of OR-type structures in static and dynamic scenarios.","PeriodicalId":51149,"journal":{"name":"SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138528003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Badal Joshi, Nidhi Kaihnsa, Tung D. Nguyen, Anne Shiu
{"title":"Prevalence of Multistationarity and Absolute Concentration Robustness in Reaction Networks","authors":"Badal Joshi, Nidhi Kaihnsa, Tung D. Nguyen, Anne Shiu","doi":"10.1137/23m1549316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1137/23m1549316","url":null,"abstract":"SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics, Volume 83, Issue 6, Page 2260-2283, December 2023. <br/> Abstract. For reaction networks arising in systems biology, the capacity for two or more steady states, that is, multistationarity, is an important property that underlies biochemical switches. Another property receiving much attention recently is absolute concentration robustness (ACR), which means that some species concentration is the same at all positive steady states. In this work, we investigate the prevalence of each property while paying close attention to when the properties occur together. Specifically, we consider a stochastic block framework for generating random networks and prove edge-probability thresholds at which, with high probability, multistationarity appears and ACR becomes rare. We also show that the small window in which both properties occur only appears in networks with many species. Taken together, our results confirm that, in random reversible networks, ACR and multistationarity together, or even ACR on its own, is highly atypical. Our proofs rely on two prior results, one pertaining to the prevalence of networks with deficiency zero and the other “lifting” multistationarity from small networks to larger ones.","PeriodicalId":51149,"journal":{"name":"SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138528019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Power-Engine-Load Form for Dynamic Absolute Concentration Robustness","authors":"Badal Joshi, Gheorghe Craciun","doi":"10.1137/22m1535450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1137/22m1535450","url":null,"abstract":"SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics, Volume 83, Issue 6, Page 2237-2259, December 2023. <br/> Abstract. In a reaction network, the concentration of a species with the property of dynamic absolute concentration robustness (dynamic ACR) converges to the same value independent of the overall initial values. This property endows a biochemical network with output robustness and therefore is essential for its functioning in a highly variable environment. It is important to identify the structure of the dynamical system as well as the constraints required for dynamic ACR. We propose a power-engine-load form of dynamic ACR and obtain results regarding convergence to the ACR value based on this form.","PeriodicalId":51149,"journal":{"name":"SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138528001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cell Polarity and Movement with Reaction-Diffusion and Moving Boundary: Rigorous Model Analysis and Robust Simulations","authors":"Shuang Liu, Li-Tien Cheng, Bo Li","doi":"10.1137/22m1506766","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1137/22m1506766","url":null,"abstract":"SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics, Ahead of Print. <br/> Abstract. Cell polarity and movement are fundamental to many biological functions. Experimental and theoretical studies have indicated that interactions of certain proteins lead to the cell polarization which plays a key role in controlling the cell movement. We study the cell polarity and movement based on a class of biophysical models that consist of reaction-diffusion equations for different proteins and the dynamics of a moving cell boundary. Such a moving boundary is often simulated by a phase-field model. We first apply the matched asymptotic analysis to give a rigorous derivation of the sharp-interface model of the cell boundary from a phase-field model. We then develop a robust numerical approach that combines the level-set method to track the sharp boundary of a moving cell and accurate discretization techniques for solving the reaction-diffusion equations on the moving cell region. Our extensive numerical simulations predict the cell polarization under various kinds of stimuli and capture both the linear and the circular trajectories of a moving cell for a long period of time. In particular, we have identified some key parameters controlling different cell trajectories that are less accurately predicted by reduced models. Our work has linked different models and also developed tools that can be adapted for the challenging three-dimensional simulations.","PeriodicalId":51149,"journal":{"name":"SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138528016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}