Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing最新文献

{"title":"Reference-free remaining fatigue life prediction for notched aluminum 6061-T6 plates without preliminary fatigue tests","authors":"Ohjun Kwon ,&nbsp;Hyung Jin Lim ,&nbsp;Hoon Sohn","doi":"10.1016/j.ymssp.2025.112569","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ymssp.2025.112569","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fatigue crack is a primary cause of failure in metallic structures, and it gradually grows and suddenly fails at the fatigue life. Thus, predicting the remaining fatigue life is crucial<!--> <!-->for the practical and economical maintenance of the metallic structures. However, the major challenge in predicting the remaining fatigue life using the fatigue crack growth model, requires preliminary fatigue tests to estimate its parameters. To tackle this issue, this study proposes a reference-free remaining fatigue life prediction technique under varying-amplitude uniaxial cyclic loading conditions based on the Walker equation without using any preliminary fatigue tests. First, the absolute cyclic strain was measured using ultrasonic waves and relative strain without using the data obtained under zero-loading conditions. Next, the Walker equation parameters and cumulative number of strain cycles were estimated from the absolute cyclic strain without preliminary fatigue tests. Subsequently, the measured absolute cyclic strain under varying-amplitude uniaxial cyclic loading conditions was converted into an equivalent uniform cyclic strain. Finally, the fatigue crack growth was predicted using the Walker equation, and the remaining fatigue life was estimated using the cumulative number of strain cycles and the equivalent uniform cyclic strain. The uniqueness of the proposed technique includes (1) estimation of the Walker equation parameters and fatigue life without any preliminary fatigue tests, (2) remaining fatigue life prediction only using the data acquired after installing sensors, and (3) experimental validation by predicting the remaining fatigue life under varying-amplitude uniaxial cyclic loading conditions using notched aluminum 6061-T6 plate specimens.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51124,"journal":{"name":"Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 112569"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143628216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the influence of attributes for assessing similarity and sharing knowledge in heterogeneous populations of structures","authors":"Giulia Delo ,&nbsp;Aidan J. Hughes ,&nbsp;Cecilia Surace ,&nbsp;Keith Worden","doi":"10.1016/j.ymssp.2025.112554","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ymssp.2025.112554","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The effectiveness of data-driven Structural Health Monitoring methods, which require dynamic response data from undamaged and damaged states within the same domain, is often hindered by the scarcity of data. The population-based approach to Structural Health Monitoring (PBSHM) aims to overcome this challenge by exploiting the transfer of damage-state knowledge across a population of structures via transfer-learning algorithms — specifically domain adaptation. However, meaningful inference through data sharing is possible only when the structures and their datasets are sufficiently similar. This study advances PBSHM by focusing on its two main phases: assessing structural similarity and developing effective transfer-learning strategies for heterogeneous populations. Furthermore, it explores the interdependence of these phases by addressing the role of structural attributes – such as material properties, geometry, and dimensions – in the performance of domain adaptation and similarity metrics. The proposed methodology employs Normal Condition Alignment (NCA) and Joint Distribution Adaptation (JDA) as domain-adaptation techniques across a population of laboratory-scale aircraft, considering tasks of increasing complexity. Additionally, the effect of material properties, geometry or dimensional differences in similarity assessment is investigated, comparing Graph Matching Networks and correlation-based distance metrics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51124,"journal":{"name":"Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 112554"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143619498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A model predictive control method for 7-DoF tower cranes with distributed mass payloads and variable rope lengths","authors":"Yaxuan Wu ,&nbsp;Qingxiang Wu ,&nbsp;Menghua Zhang ,&nbsp;Shudong Guo ,&nbsp;Meng Zhai ,&nbsp;Ruiping Pang ,&nbsp;Ning Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.ymssp.2025.112513","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ymssp.2025.112513","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Existing research on tower cranes mainly focuses on single pendulum and double pendulum models with point mass payloads. However, in the hoisting and transportation of large payloads, such as rockets, bridge boxes, and structural steel materials, the volume and shape of the payloads cannot be ignored. These characteristics introduce complex dynamic behaviors and make it challenging to directly apply existing control methods. Inspired by the above considerations, this paper presents a model predictive control (MPC) method for 7-degrees-of-freedom (DoF) tower cranes with distributed mass payloads (DMPs). Firstly, a dynamic model is established for 7-DoF tower cranes, considering DMPs, variable rope lengths, and the three-dimensional swing angles of hooks and payloads. Then, MPC methods with actuator saturation constraints are designed to achieve accurate positioning and payload swing suppression for 7-DoF tower cranes, while enhancing robustness in dynamic environments. It can also efficiently handle system parameter uncertainties and disturbances. Finally, experiments conducted on the tower crane experiment platform provide a more intuitive demonstration of the proposed method’s ability to efficiently suppress the swing of DMPs while ensuring the positioning accuracy of jibs, trolleys, and hoisting ropes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51124,"journal":{"name":"Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 112513"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143619497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnosis indicator for blade-casing rubbing faults based on multi-harmonic phases","authors":"Tao Zhou ,&nbsp;Yuanshuang Bi ,&nbsp;Hao Wang ,&nbsp;Limin Zou ,&nbsp;Minghui Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.ymssp.2025.112550","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ymssp.2025.112550","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Blade-casing rubbing is a typical fault of aero-engines. Due to its scattered features and primarily caused by other faults, diagnosing it remains a challenge. This paper proposes a diagnosis indicator based on multi-harmonic phases for real-time monitoring of rubbing faults in aero-engines. Firstly, through the theoretical derivation, we find that the multi-harmonic phases can reflect the occurrence of rubbing faults. Secondly, a rubbing fault diagnosis indicator, <em>PKLM</em>, is constructed by weighted incorporation of multi-harmonic phases, with Kullback–Leibler divergence employed to amplify the differences between the fault and normal conditions. An optimal harmonic number criterion, <em>S</em>, is established for constructing the indicator, along with a threshold, <em>PKLH</em>, to determine the system’s condition. Thirdly, the measured harmonic phases are processed to serve as effective inputs for the indicator. Finally, model simulations and experimental results confirm that the proposed indicator can isolate interference from other rotor faults and effectively quantitatively diagnose aero-engine rubbing faults.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51124,"journal":{"name":"Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 112550"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143628215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Successive Nonlinear Chirp Component Analysis","authors":"Xujun Peng,&nbsp;Zhiyu Shi,&nbsp;Jinyan Li,&nbsp;Pengfei Jin,&nbsp;Hao Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.ymssp.2025.112548","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ymssp.2025.112548","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nonlinear Component Chirp Analysis (NCCA) is designed to extract non-stationary source signals and mixing vectors from instantaneous linear mixing model, which is commonplace in blind source separation (BSS) problems. However, several challenges limit its practical application: (i) the number of source signals must be predetermined; (ii) computation time increases significantly with the number of source signals; and (iii) the bandwidth parameter remains fixed throughout the entire process. To address these issues, this paper proposes Successive NCCA. In this approach, source signals are treated as Nonlinear Chirp Modes (NCMs) and are sequentially captured by Successive NCCA in a recursive framework, continuing until the energy ratio of the residual signal falls below a set threshold. This method eliminates the need to predetermine the number of source signals and significantly reduces computation time. Additionally, the Index of Orthogonality (IO) between the source signal and the residual signal is used to adaptively adjust the bandwidth parameter. A series of synthetic signals is employed to evaluate the performance of Successive NCCA, including its mode alignment capability, underdetermined blind source separation (UBSS) ability, filter-bank structure, computational efficiency, and convergence properties. Finally, Successive NCCA is applied to the separation of <span><math><mi>α</mi></math></span>-rhythms in multichannel electroencephalogram (EEG) data and the analysis of time-varying vibration systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51124,"journal":{"name":"Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 112548"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143619495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Calibrated source-free adaptation for intelligent diagnosis","authors":"Hao Li,&nbsp;Zongyang Liu,&nbsp;Jing Lin,&nbsp;Jinyang Jiao,&nbsp;Tian Zhang,&nbsp;Hu Pan","doi":"10.1016/j.ymssp.2025.112582","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ymssp.2025.112582","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The domain adaptation-based fault diagnosis method has achieved an appealing cross-domain fault diagnosis performance. However, source domain data is often inaccessible due to data privacy concerns or the need to reduce the burden of data storage and transmission. Additionally, the credibility of diagnosis results is rarely considered, which is indispensable for decision-making, especially in critical safety scenarios. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a novel cross-domain fault diagnosis method called Calibrated Source-free Adaptation Diagnosis (CSAD). Specifically, a pseudo-label learning-based model adaptation diagnosis framework without the assistance of source data is formulated, where a determinant-based mutual information regular is developed to mitigate the adverse impact of noisy pseudo labels. Furthermore, an unsupervised target-mimic-oriented model calibration method is devised for more credible diagnosis results in source-free scenarios. Comparative experiments are conducted to validate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method. In terms of diagnosis accuracy, CSAD achieved average accuracies of 99.42%, 99.60%, and 98.61% on the three datasets, respectively, surpassing other methods. Regarding model calibration performance, our approach reduced ECE by 4.56%, 5.58%, and 4.62% on the three datasets compared to the uncalibrated models.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51124,"journal":{"name":"Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 112582"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143619496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Series gravity-based track nonlinear energy Sinks: Design and experiment","authors":"Ting-Kai Du ,&nbsp;Yi Lin ,&nbsp;Jin-Chen Ji ,&nbsp;Hu Ding","doi":"10.1016/j.ymssp.2025.112559","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ymssp.2025.112559","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>How to improve the robustness of nonlinear energy sinks (NES) to excitation strength is always a challenging issue in the design of NES. This paper combines the gravity-based track NES (GT-NES) with the two-degree-of-freedom (2DOF) series design strategy and proposes a 2DOF series gravity-based track NES (SGT-NES) to increase the robustness of excitation and achieve a large parameter selection range. For the single-degree-of-freedom system, the vibration reduction dynamic model of SGT-NES, series NES, and GT-NES is established. Through dynamic analysis, the influence of parameters on the vibration reduction of SGT-NES is studied and verified by numerical simulation. In addition, the vibration reduction performance of SGT-NES, series NES, and GT-NES is compared. The results show that SGT-NES can achieve effective vibration reduction in a wider parameter range. Moreover, SGT-NES can maintain a large parameter range without frequency islands. Therefore, SGT-NES exhibits a stronger adaptability to excitation strength. A two-degree-of-freedom SGT-NES prototype is designed. The vibration reduction of SGT-NES and its parameter influence trend are verified by experiments. Therefore, this research proposes an effective device with a wide range of parameter adaptability for engineering vibration control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51124,"journal":{"name":"Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 112559"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143610953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergizing stopper mechanisms, coil configurations and quasi-linearity for enhanced adaptability in dual-beam 2DOF electromagnetic energy harvesters","authors":"Tunde Isaiah Toluwaloju ,&nbsp;Chung Ket Thein ,&nbsp;Dunant Halim","doi":"10.1016/j.ymssp.2025.112570","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ymssp.2025.112570","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the benefits and challenges of asymmetric stopper control and different coil connection modes in dual beam harvester designs, aiming to optimize vibration energy harvesting systems for enhanced renewable energy applications and self-powered devices. The work demonstrates that the dynamic response and potential of the system affect the cantilever’s damping-stiffness matrix during impacts. General engineering analysis established limits for non-quasi-static linearity at stress ratio of 0.80 is the operational safety threshold before full fatigue occurs. Analytical and experimental validations at equivalent stress/bending moment reveal that polyvinylchloride laminate (PVC) attained the largest damping-critical stress gradient compared to other polymeric (polyether ether ketone (PEEK) and Glassfiber) or nonpolymeric (stainless steel and aluminum) material. Therefore, polymeric showed quick fatigue stress at respective maximum non-quasi-linear contact stiffness of 0.1150, 0.9495, 0.8575, 2.6352, 1.2206 <span><math><mrow><mi>M</mi><mi>N</mi><msup><mrow><mi>m</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>-</mo><mfrac><mn>3</mn><mn>2</mn></mfrac></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span> at 80. 00 % fatigue stress level. Also, within tested the polymeric family, high damping-critical stress gradient indicates capacity for larger microstructural deformation before failure such that quasi linear weak softening approximation is acceptable when maximum bending to fatigue stress ratio ≤0.8. In evaluating the electrical connections, it was found that while individual transducer coils can power dual load sensors concurrently, bandwidth is compromised with materials exhibiting lower damping-critical stress gradients. Notably, the normalized power density improved by 91.45 %, reaching <span><math><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>W</mi><mi>m</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>-</mo><mn>5</mn></mrow></msup><msup><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow><mn>5</mn></msup></mrow></math></span> and 2.435 <span><math><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>W</mi><mi>m</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>-</mo><mn>5</mn></mrow></msup><msup><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow><mn>5</mn></msup></mrow></math></span> with fiberglass-aluminum cantilever pairs. Additionally, increasing the stopper gap enhances post-resonance bandwidth by up to 68.35 %, although this results in a power reduction of 31.40 %. These results underscore the trade-offs between harvested power and bandwidth, highlighting the efficacy of pairing polymeric and non-polymeric cantilevers in dual beam systems for optimized energy harvesting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51124,"journal":{"name":"Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 112570"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143610956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Baseline-free damage imaging of CFRP lap joints using K-means clustering of guided wave signals","authors":"Mohsen Barzegar ,&nbsp;Sahar Moradi Cherati ,&nbsp;Dario J. Pasadas ,&nbsp;Chiara Pernechele ,&nbsp;Artur L. Ribeiro ,&nbsp;Helena G. Ramos","doi":"10.1016/j.ymssp.2025.112562","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ymssp.2025.112562","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ultrasonic Guided Waves (UGWs) have received significant attention for structural health monitoring (SHM) applications in various structures. However, their application in adhesively bonded Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) joints faces considerable challenges due to the high anisotropy of CFRP, complex guided wave behavior, and multiple mode conversions. As a result, baseline-free damage imaging using conventional algorithms experiences significant difficulties. This paper proposes a baseline-free damage imaging methodology for SHM applications, introducing a novel damage index calculation formula. The methodology is a modified Reconstruction Algorithm for Probabilistic Inspection of Defects (RAPID) that incorporates an innovative damage index formula based on K-means clustering. This unsupervised approach assigns scores by identifying patterns or anomalies in the data through clustering similar behaviors. Additionally, scaling factors for different transmitter–receiver pairs are modified, considering the first Fresnel zone to enhance accuracy. In this work, multiple features are extracted from the recorded signals across various domains and ranked based on their locality-preserving ability. The top-ranked features are then utilized in K-means clustering to calculate the damage index score. The study employs parallel arrays of piezoelectric transducers on both sides of an anisotropic CFRP adhesive joint with two different sizes of artificial disbonds. The performance of the proposed approach is validated through both numerical simulations and experimental methods. Finally, a comprehensive analysis is conducted to assess the significance of each variable on the overall accuracy of damage imaging and localization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51124,"journal":{"name":"Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 112562"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143610959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of spline tooth wear on self-excited vibration of floating splined rotor: Numerical and experimental investigation","authors":"Yingjie Li ,&nbsp;Guang Zhao ,&nbsp;Yunbo Yuan ,&nbsp;Zhaoyang Liu ,&nbsp;Bingshan Kang ,&nbsp;Chenxin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ymssp.2025.112580","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ymssp.2025.112580","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Spline tooth wear affects the dynamic characteristics of the floating splined rotor, leading to significant nonlinear phenomena. This study develops a three-dimensional model of the spline based on the observed wear morphology of floating splines. Taking into account the uneven stress distribution along the tooth facewidth direction, a stiffness and damping model for the worn spline is derived and applied to the floating splined rotor. The results show that spline tooth wear reduces natural frequencies and increases both the likelihood and the amplitude of self-excited vibrations of the splined rotor. Investigations using the spline-rotor test rig revealed that the frequencies of self-excited vibrations during speed up and speed down experiments vary due to different wear degrees on the working and non-working tooth surfaces. Furthermore, for the floating splined rotor with spline tooth wear, the likelihood of self-excited vibrations decreases as the applied torque increases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51124,"journal":{"name":"Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 112580"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143619494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}