Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology最新文献

{"title":"Geographical differences in 25(OH)D reference intervals","authors":"Efsane Yavuz ,&nbsp;Mustafa Örkmez ,&nbsp;Mehmet Akif Bildirici ,&nbsp;İsmet Gamze Bozdayı ,&nbsp;Murat Usta","doi":"10.1016/j.jsbmb.2025.106790","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsbmb.2025.106790","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vitamin D deficiency has become a widespread public health problem worldwide. In recent years,numerous studies have been conducted to define the reference range for 25(OH)D.The aim was to determine the reference interval of Vitamin D and its metabolically related parameters, including PTH, Ca, P and ALP,using direct and indirect methods for the Southeastern Anatolia and Black Sea regions,which differ significantly in terms of geographical location and dietary habits that greatly influence Vitamin D levels. In the direct method, reference ranges were calculated using non-parametric methods according to CLSI EP28-A3 guidelines. In the indirect method, reference ranges were determined after data filtration and calculated using the Bhattacharya method<strong>.</strong> In the direct method, the reference interval for 25(OH)D were found to be 8.03–29.44 ng/mL in summer and 5.55–23.07 ng/mL in winter for the Southeastern Anatolia Region, and 6.34–29.69 ng/mL in summer and 6.28–27.34 ng/mL in winter for the Black Sea Region. In the indirect method, the reference interval for 25(OH)D were determined as 7.24–41.69 ng/mL in the Southeastern Anatolia Region and 6.17–42.66 ng/mL in the Black Sea Region. The prevalence of severe Vitamin D deficiency in the reference population during the summer and winter seasons was found to be 7.6 % and 30.5 %, respectively, in the Southeastern Anatolia Region, and 24.1 % and 22.1 %, respectively, in the Black Sea Region. This study has shown that despite variations in reference ranges for laboratory tests due to societal, regional, and seasonal differences, the levels of 25(OH)D were lower than the recommended reference ranges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51106,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","volume":"252 ","pages":"Article 106790"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144169277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial modulation of digoxin bioavailability: A pharmacomicrobiome perspective on Eggerthella lenta’s role in steroid-like drug metabolism and precision therapeutics","authors":"Nila Ganamurali ,&nbsp;Sarvesh Sabarathinam","doi":"10.1016/j.jsbmb.2025.106792","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsbmb.2025.106792","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Digoxin is a cardiac glycoside used to treat heart failure and atrial fibrillation, but its narrow therapeutic index makes precise dosing critical. The effectiveness of digoxin is influenced by individual variations in drug metabolism, with recent studies showing that gut microbiota, particularly <em>Eggerthella lenta (E. lenta)</em>, plays a key role. <em>E. lenta</em> can convert digoxin into its inactive form, dihydrodigoxin, potentially reducing its therapeutic efficacy. This paper explores how <em>E. lenta</em> affects the biotransformation of digoxin and other drugs like L-dopa and resveratrol. The aim is to investigate how the presence of <em>E. lenta</em> in the gut influences drug metabolism and therapeutic outcomes. The review also examines the broader implications of microbiome-driven drug interactions and highlights the need for precision dosing strategies based on an individual’s microbiome composition which is also essential for patients with high <em>E. lenta</em> colonization. Further research into microbiome-driven drug and sterol interactions is needed to optimize treatment strategies, ensuring personalized and effective patient care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51106,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","volume":"252 ","pages":"Article 106792"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144134205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tea polyphenols and EGCG induce preeclampsia-like symptoms by reducing 2-methoxyestradiol","authors":"Yi Duan,&nbsp;Chen Jin,&nbsp;Jiaqi Wang,&nbsp;Pan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jsbmb.2025.106789","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsbmb.2025.106789","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Preeclampsia (PE), a severe pregnancy-specific disorder, poses significant health risks to both mothers and fetuses. Certain dietary habits, such as tea consumption, may affect the activity of enzymes involved in hormone metabolism, leading to alterations in the levels of important pregnancy-related hormone metabolites, such as 2-methoxyestradiol (2-MeO-E₂), which may contribute to the development of PE. To investigate the effect of tea intake on pregnancy, we conducted both <em>in vivo</em> and <em>in vitro</em> experiments. Pregnant rats were administered tea polyphenols and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) by gavage starting from pregnancy day 10. We found that tea polyphenols and EGCG intake during pregnancy induced PE-like symptoms in the rats such as hypertension, proteinuria and growth restriction of fetuses. These symptoms could be rescued by cotreatment of 2-MeO-E_2. Notably, the levels of the estrogen metabolite 2-MeO-E₂ in rat blood were significantly reduced, and the activity of the enzyme responsible for its metabolism, catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), was also inhibited. Furthermore, EGCG impaired the migration ability of HTR8/SVneo cells, which could be alleviated by 2-MeO-E₂ supplementation. These findings indicate that tea polyphenols intake during pregnancy can cause PE-like symptoms by inhibiting COMT activity and production of 2-MeO-E₂.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51106,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","volume":"252 ","pages":"Article 106789"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144123933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in vitamin D biomarkers across pregnancy and by maternal BMI: A secondary analysis of data and biospecimens from the National Children’s Study","authors":"Skylar Mercer ,&nbsp;Xianyan Chen ,&nbsp;Biplav B. Tiwari ,&nbsp;Alex Anderson ,&nbsp;Sheree L. Boulet ,&nbsp;Janani Rajbhandari ,&nbsp;Sina Gallo","doi":"10.1016/j.jsbmb.2025.106791","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsbmb.2025.106791","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Obesity during pregnancy is associated with increased risk for vitamin D deficiency in both the mother and offspring. Free or unbound 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) is the biologically active form as compared to total 25(OH)D, which may be important in the assessment of vitamin D status during conditions like pregnancy where vitamin D binding protein (VDBP) is affected. Little is known about how pre-pregnancy BMI affects changes in vitamin D markers during pregnancy. This is a secondary analysis of data and biospecimens from the 2009–2014 National Children’s Study (NCS). The current analysis included 50 participants (50 % normal weight [18.5 ≥BMI&lt;25 kg/m²] and 50 % overweight/obese [BMI≥25 kg/m²]), recruited across four US Census regions (Northeast, South, West, and Midwest), with serum samples available from three time points during pregnancy: 1st half (&lt;25 weeks), 2nd half (&gt;25 weeks) and birth. Total 25(OH)D was quantified via liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and commercially available assays were used to measure free 25(OH)D and VDBP. Percent free 25(OH)D was calculated as <span><math><mrow><mfrac><mrow><mi>free</mi><mn>25</mn><mrow><mfenced><mrow><mi>OH</mi></mrow></mfenced></mrow><mi>D</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>total</mi><mn>25</mn><mrow><mfenced><mrow><mi>OH</mi></mrow></mfenced></mrow><mi>D</mi></mrow></mfrac><mi>x</mi><mn>100</mn></mrow></math></span>. Linear mixed effect models, including quadratic gestational age term were employed to exam the change in vitamin D metabolites by quadratic gestational age, as well as interactions with pre-pregnancy BMI and season of birth. A positive linear trend was observed for total 25(OH)D levels across gestation (p = 0.002), while quadratic relationships were observed for both VDBP (p &lt; 0.001) and % free 25(OH)D (p = 0.001). A significant interaction was observed between gestational age and season of birth for total 25(OH)D (p &lt; 0.001) and free 25(OH)D (p = 0.006). Furthermore, the interactive effect of gestational age and pre-pregnancy BMI was statistically significant for both total 25(OH)D (p = 0.002) and % free 25(OH)D (p = 0.007). Our results suggest that among a sample of US women both season of birth and maternal pre-pregnancy BMI affected changes in vitamin D metabolites across pregnancy. The effects of maternal BMI on changes in total 25(OH)D and % free 25(OH)D across pregnancy suggest maternal obesity may differentially affect vitamin D metabolism in pregnancy. Future research is necessary to compare differences in vitamin D metabolism among obesity affected pregnancies as compared to healthy-weight counterparts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51106,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","volume":"252 ","pages":"Article 106791"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144133325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Confirmation of a novel, stable estrogen metabolite, as 5a,6a-epoxy-estrone sulfate in stallion blood by LC-MS/MS","authors":"James I. Raeside ,&nbsp;Heather L. Christie ,&nbsp;Tracey Chenier ,&nbsp;Dyanne Brewer ,&nbsp;Armen Charchoglyan","doi":"10.1016/j.jsbmb.2025.106788","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsbmb.2025.106788","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mass spectrometry (MS) has become pivotal for accurately delineating intricate molecular structures for steroids present in minute quantities within biological samples. This study utilized liquid chromatography-high resolution tandem mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS/MS) to identify and characterize a ‘new’ estrogen metabolite, 5α,6α-epoxy-estrone sulfate, in stallion serum from three animals. The estrogen structure was predicted previously using radiolabeled steroids. HRMS/MS, in combination with a seamless sample preparation involving liquid-liquid extraction and chromatographic separation, enabled accurate mass spectrometric identification of the target metabolite. A distinct chromatographic peak corresponding to the metabolite displayed a fragmentation pattern consistent with its predicted structure. Fragment ions at <em>m/z</em> 79.9 and 285.1 resulting from precursor ion <em>m/z</em> 365.5 [M-H]^{<strong>-</strong>} suggested the presence of a sulfated group and epoxy form of estrone, with an additional oxygen atom when compared with those for a reference standard of estrone sulfate. The assignment of other fragment ions from the target ion further elucidated the predicted structure. Evidence for a structure unique from any other estrogen metabolite on record was demonstrated on two different LC-QTOF instruments. Its identification in the blood circulation ensures distribution throughout the body. The potential significance for future physiological/pathological investigations is discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51106,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","volume":"252 ","pages":"Article 106788"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144129609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"1,25(OH)2D3 up-regulated mitochondrial dynamics and biogenesis to modulate steroidogenesis in the scent glands of muskrats (Ondatra zibethicus)","authors":"Qingjing Gao,&nbsp;Ke Shi,&nbsp;Xinjing Shi,&nbsp;Yuning Liu,&nbsp;Haolin Zhang,&nbsp;Qiang Weng","doi":"10.1016/j.jsbmb.2025.106787","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsbmb.2025.106787","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vitamin D₃ plays a crucial regulatory role in steroid hormone production, but the specific mechanism remains not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the expression and distribution patterns of Vitamin D receptor (VDR), vitamin D₃ metabolic enzymes (CYP2R1, CYP27B1 and CYP24A1), mitochondrial dynamics and biogenesis (proteins and genes), and steroidogenic enzymes in the scent glands of muskrats during the breeding and non-breeding periods. VDR, vitamin D₃ metabolic enzymes, mitochondrial dynamics and biogenesis-related proteins, and steroidogenic enzymes were immunolocalized in the scent glandular cells in both breeding and non-breeding seasons, with stronger immunostaining in the breeding season. The mRNA expression levels of <em>Cyp27b1</em>, <em>Cyp24a1</em>, <em>Vdr</em>, <em>Mfn1</em>, <em>Opa1</em>, <em>Vdac</em>, <em>Tfam</em>, <em>Pgc1b</em>, <em>Star</em>, <em>Cyp11a1</em>, <em>Cyp17a1</em>, and <em>Cyp19a1</em> were higher in the scent glands during the breeding season than those of the non-breeding season. 1,25(OH)₂D₃ concentration were positively correlated with the mean mRNA expression levels of mitochondrial dynamics and biogenesis marker genes and steroidogenic enzymes in the scent glands. The concentrations of circulating testosterone (T) and 17β-estradiol (E₂), and 1,25(OH)₂D₃ of the scent glands were also significantly higher in the breeding season. Additionally, the addition of 1,25(OH)₂D₃ to the primary scent glandular cells <em>in vitro</em> increased the expression levels of mitochondrial dynamics and biogenesis-related genes and steroidogenic enzymes in the scent glands of muskrats. These findings suggested that 1,25(OH)₂D₃ might promote the secretion of steroid hormones by upregulating the mitochondrial dynamics and biogenesis in the scent glands of muskrats.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51106,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","volume":"252 ","pages":"Article 106787"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144106529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strontium regulating lipid metabolism of bovine hepatocytes via SIRT1/SREBPs pathway","authors":"Fangyuan Zeng,&nbsp;Wenjuan Hu,&nbsp;Haichuan Xu,&nbsp;Xinxin Wang,&nbsp;Chenxu Zhao,&nbsp;Yazhou Wang,&nbsp;Jianguo Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jsbmb.2025.106785","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsbmb.2025.106785","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Periparturient dairy cows are susceptible to negative energy balance (NEB), which triggers excessive adipose mobilization, leading to elevated plasma non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and hepatic lipid accumulation. While strontium (Sr) has shown metabolic regulatory potential, its role in hepatic lipid homeostasis remains unclear. Using an NEFA-induced lipid accumulation model in bovine hepatocytes, we demonstrated that Sr (5–20 μM) significantly reduced intracellular triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) levels. Further mechanistic studies revealed that Sr enhances SIRT1 expression and suppresses the expression and nuclear translocation of SREBP-1C/SREBP2, thereby downregulating downstream lipogenic enzymes including ACC, FASN, SCD1, and HMGCR. Molecular docking indicated that Sr²⁺ binds with high affinity to Asp-481/483 of SIRT1, while SIRT1 inhibition with EX-527 abolished Sr-mediated lipid-lowering effects. Additionally, Sr promoted PPARα nuclear translocation to enhance β-oxidation and upregulated LDLR expression to facilitate lipid efflux. This study elucidated the multi-target molecular mechanism of Sr alleviating lipid metabolism disorders in bovine hepatocytes through the SIRT1/SREBPs pathway, providing a theoretical foundation for the application of Sr in preventing metabolic diseases in dairy cows.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51106,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","volume":"252 ","pages":"Article 106785"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144124028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bisphenol Z inhibits the function of Leydig cells via upregulation of METTL3 expression in adult male rats","authors":"Yingna Zhai ,&nbsp;Huiqian Zhang ,&nbsp;Chunnan Hu ,&nbsp;Qingyuan Wang ,&nbsp;Shaowei Wang ,&nbsp;Ren-Shan Ge ,&nbsp;Xiaoheng Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jsbmb.2025.106786","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsbmb.2025.106786","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The use of bisphenol A has been restricted due to its toxicity. However, the impact of its substitute, bisphenol Z (BPZ), on Leydig cell function remains uncertain. We aimed to examine the associations between BPZ exposure and the disruption of Leydig cell function via upregulating <em>Mettl3</em> and inducing oxidative stress. To address this, <em>in vivo</em>, male adult Sprague-Dawley rats received BPZ (0, 1, 10, or 100 mg/kg/d orally) for 7 days, and <em>in vitro</em>, purified Leydig cells were treated with BPZ (0–20 μM, 24 h). Leydig cell morphology and function were assessed. The results showed that BPZ did not alter Leydig cell quantity but notably decreased serum testosterone levels. Furthermore, it significantly downregulated the expression levels of genes and proteins (SCARB1, STAR, CYP17A1, HSD17B3, and INSL3) in Leydig cells. Concurrently, BPZ treatment led to diminished expression of antioxidant genes (<em>Gpx1</em> and <em>Cat</em>), an upregulation in m6A related gene (<em>Mettl3</em>) subsequent to the enrichment of RNA methylation fragments in the testis. <em>In vitro</em> analysis of primary Leydig cells demonstrated that BPZ heightened oxidative stress and diminished testosterone production. In conclusion, BPZ reduces rat testosterone by downregulating steroidogenic genes (<em>Star</em>, <em>Scarb1</em>, <em>Cyp17a1</em>, and <em>Hsd17b3</em>) via METTL3-m6A-<em>Camkk2</em> pathway, impairing Leydig cell function.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51106,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","volume":"252 ","pages":"Article 106786"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144099146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective effect of preconception high dose vitamin D3 supplementation in gestational diabetes mellitus rats via modulation of placental LCPUFA metabolism, one carbon cycle components, inflammation, oxidative stress, and angiogenesis","authors":"Anindita A. Nandi,&nbsp;V.H. Patel","doi":"10.1016/j.jsbmb.2025.106775","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsbmb.2025.106775","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), one of the most common pregnancy complications, adversely affects maternal and fetal health. This study investigated the impact of vitamin D3 (VD3) deficiency or supplementation on placental long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LCPUFA) metabolism, one-carbon cycle metabolites, inflammation, oxidative stress, angiogenesis, and birth outcomes in a GDM rat model. Wistar rats were divided into five groups: Control (1000 IU VD3/kg diet), Vitamin D Deficient (VDD, 0 IU VD3/kg diet), GDM (1000 IU VD3/kg diet + GDM), VD3 supplementation with 1500 IU (VDS-1500 +GDM), and VD3 supplementation with 10,000 IU (VDS-10,000 +GDM). GDM was induced using a high-fat, high-sugar diet and streptozotocin. Diets were provided from weaning through pregnancy. Only the VDS-10,000 +GDM group achieved sufficient serum 25(OH)D levels (&gt;30 ng/ml). 10,000 IU/kg VD3 supplementation reduced gestational weight gain and improved fetal/placental weight ratios. It reduced the levels of FBS, fasting insulin, and HOMA-IR, while increased HOMA-IS. It regulated calcium homeostasis by decreasing parathyroid hormone and increasing phosphorous levels. It normalized one-carbon metabolites, reducing homocysteine and increasing folate levels. Both doses of VD3 supplementation mitigated oxidative stress, reducing malondialdehyde levels, which was higher in GDM and VDD groups. It restored LCPUFA profiles, increasing arachidonic acid and decreasing n-6 linoleic acid levels. High-dose VD3 reduced elevated plasma and placental TNF-α levels and downregulated IL-6 mRNA in the GDM group, while IL-6 protein levels remained comparable. The protein and mRNA levels of both VEGF and VEGF-R1 were higher in GDM group. 10,000 IU VD3 reduces VEGF levels whereas, 1500 IU VD3 reduces VEGF-R1 levels. High-dose VD3 supplementation (10,000 IU/kg) during pregnancy effectively improved vitamin D status and positively influenced placental metabolic pathways, oxidative stress, inflammation, and angiogenesis, thereby improving pregnancy outcomes in GDM.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51106,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","volume":"252 ","pages":"Article 106775"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144051323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immobilization of cholesterol oxidases on functionalized Silica Nanoparticles for biotransformation of cholesterol and 7-ketocholesterol","authors":"Shubhrima Ghosh ,&nbsp;Razi Ahmad ,&nbsp;Vikas Kumar Gautam ,&nbsp;Sunil Kumar Khare","doi":"10.1016/j.jsbmb.2025.106774","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsbmb.2025.106774","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cholesterol oxidation leads to the development of several oxysterols such as 7-ketocholesterol (7KC), which are linked to various age-related conditions. An approach to reduce their toxicity is proposed using enzymes from microbial sources to degrade them. Our earlier studies identified <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> PseA and <em>Rhodococcus erythropolis</em> MTCC 3951 as potential strains capable of using 7KC as their sole carbon source. These strains produced cholesterol oxidase as the primary enzyme in the degradation pathway. To enhance applicability, cholesterol oxidase (ChOx) enzymes from <em>P. aeruginosa</em> PseA (ChOxP), <em>R. erythropolis</em> MTCC 3951 (ChOxR), and a commercial variant from <em>Streptomyces</em> sp. (ChOxS) were immobilized on silane functionalized silica nanoparticles (SNP) using covalent-coupling methods. The immobilization efficiency was 68 %, 86 %, and 83 % for ChOxP, ChOxR, and ChOxS respectively. The catalytic efficiency of the immobilized enzyme was nearly twice that of the free enzyme, with increased stability across a wide range of temperatures (10–70°C) and pH levels (4.0–9.0), although the optimum pH (7.5) and temperature (30°C) remained unchanged. The nano-immobilized cholesterol oxidases were reusable up to 10 cycles. Further, enzyme immobilization on nanoparticles was confirmed by FTIR, SEM, and TEM. Biotransformation of cholesterol and 7KC using the nanobioconjugates produced pharmaceutically important molecules 4-cholesten-3-one and 4-cholesten-3,7-dione respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51106,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","volume":"252 ","pages":"Article 106774"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144024266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}