Lin Qin;En Li;Chong Gao;Jinshi Liu;Haoyu Wen;Hui Zhu;Yong Gao;Yunpeng Zhang;Chengyong Yu;Jiawei Long
{"title":"Improved Measurement Method With Distance Correction of the Near-Field Radar Cross Section","authors":"Lin Qin;En Li;Chong Gao;Jinshi Liu;Haoyu Wen;Hui Zhu;Yong Gao;Yunpeng Zhang;Chengyong Yu;Jiawei Long","doi":"10.1109/LAWP.2025.3530975","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LAWP.2025.3530975","url":null,"abstract":"Near-field radar cross section (RCS) measurement is an important method for determining the RCS of a target. For near-field RCS measurements, the distance between the target and the antenna is insufficient for far-field measurements. The far-field RCS of the target is derived from the near-field data based on a multiple scattering center model. Conventional algorithms make several approximate assumptions about the measurement distance, which results in the calculated far-field RCS being independent of the measurement distance, introducing unnecessary RCS measurement errors. We propose a near-field quasi-monostatic RCS measurement distance correction method. In addition, the components related to the measurement distance are separated and corrected in the near-field to far-field transformation (NF2FFT) algorithm. Finally, the method was used to calculate the RCS of a metal plate and a metal cylinder for the different distances in the simulation and practical measurement in X band. The final results show that the method reduces the average RCS error by 0.64 dB for a 500 mm × 100 mm × 4 mm metal plate at 2 m measurement distance in the X band, confirming the effectiveness of the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":51059,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters","volume":"24 5","pages":"1223-1227"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143918720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sen Lin;Yunfei Cao;Fangjiong Chen;Quan Xue;Wenquan Che
{"title":"Dual-Band Antenna With 2.4 GHz Omnidirectional and 5.8 GHz Pattern-Reconfigurable Radiation Modes","authors":"Sen Lin;Yunfei Cao;Fangjiong Chen;Quan Xue;Wenquan Che","doi":"10.1109/LAWP.2025.3531482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LAWP.2025.3531482","url":null,"abstract":"This letter presents a dual-band, dual-mode antenna with an omnidirectional radiation pattern in the lower band (LB) and reconfigurable pattern in the upper band (UB) for wireless body area networks. The proposed antenna is composed of a monopole loaded with a metal circular patch and a crossed patch, four reconfigurable parasitic elements and a biasing circuit. The omnidirectional radiation pattern in the LB is realized by the monopole loaded with the crossed patch and shorting pins. PIN diodes are used to control the parasitic elements around the circular patch. Radiation-beam steerability in the UB is achieved by selecting one parasitic element in the desired direction as the director. The proposed antenna has a measured −10 dB operating bandwidth of 2.24 GHz to 2.70 GHz (18.6%) and 5.13 GHz to 5.89 GHz (13.8%). Realized gains in the LB and UB are about 1.95 dBi and 6.70 dBi, respectively.","PeriodicalId":51059,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters","volume":"24 5","pages":"1238-1242"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143918640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Galestan Mackertich-Sengerdy;Sawyer D. Campbell;Douglas H. Werner
{"title":"Ultra-Short Horn Antennas via Digital Choke and Groove Aperture Topologies","authors":"Galestan Mackertich-Sengerdy;Sawyer D. Campbell;Douglas H. Werner","doi":"10.1109/LAWP.2025.3530859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LAWP.2025.3530859","url":null,"abstract":"The pursuit of compact antennas has historically sacrificed directivity. Traditionally, solutions involve adding radiators, complex lenses or enlarging the antenna, which often introduces spurious lobes or increases system height. This study investigates a digital choke and groove aperture technology, employing recessed slots and protruded chokes, to optimize directivity and shape lobes in ultra-short horns. Through analysis and experiments, we assess the antenna's gain, volume efficiency, bandwidth, and lobe suppression. Our findings offer insights into applications and lay the groundwork for further advancements in ultra-low-profile digital aperture topologies for ultra-short horns.","PeriodicalId":51059,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters","volume":"24 5","pages":"1213-1217"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143918722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Wideband Dual-Polarized Metasurface Antenna With Polarization Reconfigurable Controlled by Diode and Resistor, Featuring Low RCS","authors":"Zhendong Ding;Jiawang Li;Jianyin Cao;Hao Wang;Michael Yan-Wah Chia;Nasimuddin Nasimuddin","doi":"10.1109/LAWP.2025.3530170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LAWP.2025.3530170","url":null,"abstract":"A polarization-reconfigurable metasurface wideband antenna with dual polarization and a low radar cross section (RCS) is presented. The antenna employs a diode positioned between two transmission lines to control the current direction and a resistor on a defected-ground branch to manage phase shifts, enabling seamless transitions between circular polarization and linear polarization. The elliptical metasurface design contributes to a reduced RCS. The design results are verified through measurement, showing an impedance bandwidth (IBW) of 49.1%, an axial ratio bandwidth (ARBW) of 23.2% for the diode is <sc>off</small>, an IBW of 36.4% for the diode is <sc>on</small>, the IBW of the connected resistor is 40.7%, and the peak gains for the three states are 6.4 dBi, 4.4 dBi, and 4.2 dBi, respectively. The metasurface achieves a low RCS bandwidth ranging from 2 GHz to 24 GHz, showing a 6 dBsm reduction in RCS from 4.9 GHz to 19.7 GHz, which corresponds to a 120.3% decrease compared to a perfect electric conductor (PEC) plate.","PeriodicalId":51059,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters","volume":"24 5","pages":"1208-1212"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143918811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Scattering by Multiple Arbitrary Circular Cavities Loaded in a PEC Plane","authors":"Mehdi Bozorgi","doi":"10.1109/LAWP.2025.3529488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LAWP.2025.3529488","url":null,"abstract":"In this letter, an efficient solution based on the modal expansion method for the analysis of wave scattering from multiple arbitrary circular cavities placed in a perfect electric conductor is presented. Unlike most of the existing methods that employ the Graf's addition theorem, which brings serious problems, we employ the complex function method cooperating with multipolar coordinate transformation to match tangential fields in analyzed regions. Finally, unknown expansion coefficients are computed by solving the system of linear equations and the Fourier series. Some typical examples are given to verify the solution by the method of moments.","PeriodicalId":51059,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters","volume":"24 5","pages":"1178-1182"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143918639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Wideband High-Gain Quad-Polarization Reconfigurable Antenna Using Three-Layered Polarizer","authors":"Zhengrong Lu;Yujian Li;Junhong Wang","doi":"10.1109/LAWP.2025.3529684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LAWP.2025.3529684","url":null,"abstract":"Quad-polarization reconfigurable antenna consists of a three-layered polarizer, and an 8 × 8 source antenna is investigated in the Ka band. By changing the orientation of each layer, the antenna can radiate horizontally polarized, vertically polarized, left-hand and right-hand circularly polarized electromagnetic waves. The 8 × 8 horn array is employed as the source antenna, enhancing the antenna gain and expanding the operating bandwidth. The polarizer and the source antenna are fabricated by 3-D printing technology using photopolymer and aluminum alloy. Excellent operating performance, including impedance bandwidth of 51.1%, gain of up to 24.8 dBi, dual circular polarization overlap bandwidth of 41.3%, and quad-polarization overlap bandwidth of 24.6%, is obtained experimentally by the fabricated prototype. The proposed antenna with promising performance is valuable to emerging millimeter-wave applications.","PeriodicalId":51059,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters","volume":"24 5","pages":"1198-1202"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143918814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Closed-Form Solution for Electromagnetic Wave Propagation in Spatially Unbounded, Linear Time-Varying Plasmas","authors":"Hossein Mehrpour Bernety;Mark A. Cappelli","doi":"10.1109/LAWP.2025.3528860","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LAWP.2025.3528860","url":null,"abstract":"We present a closed-form solution for the electromagnetic wave equation that governs propagation in a spatially unbounded, linear time-varying gaseous plasma. Using a proper change of variable, the wave equation is converted into the Lommel's transformed version of the Bessel differential equation. The analytical wave functions in time are then expressed in terms of Bessel functions of the first kind with complex orders, which appears to be a very rare case in physical problems. Unlike previous analytical treatments of the problem, such as the use of adiabatic and Laplace transform approximations, which deal with slow and fast rise times of the plasma, respectively, the solution presented here imposes no constraints on the rise time relative to the time period of the source wave.","PeriodicalId":51059,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters","volume":"24 5","pages":"1163-1167"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143918633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Wideband Differential Dual Circularly Polarized Laminated Resonator Antenna","authors":"Yaowei Hou;Junming Ding;Yueping Zhang;Junfa Mao","doi":"10.1109/LAWP.2025.3529493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LAWP.2025.3529493","url":null,"abstract":"A wideband differential dual circularly polarized (CP) laminated resonator antenna (LRA) is reported in this letter for the first time. Two 90° hybrid couplers and four rotationally symmetrical L-probes are adopted as the feeding of the dual CP LRA. The four input ports of the 90° hybrid couplers form two pairs of differential ports for dual CP operations. When each pair of differential ports is supplied with differential signals, the proposed LRA works in its degenerate dominant modes, <inline-formula><tex-math>${rm TE}^{y}_{101}$</tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><tex-math>${rm TE}^{x}_{011}$</tex-math></inline-formula> modes, with a −90°/+90° phase difference, which radiates left-handed circular polarization (LHCP) or right-handed circular polarization (RHCP) waves, respectively. For demonstration, an antenna prototype is simulated, manufactured, and experimented. The differential dual CP LRA in a low profile of 0.119<italic>λ</i><sub>0</sub> shows a broad measured effective bandwidth of 28.6% confined by the −10 dB differential impedance, 3 dB axial ratio (AR), and −15 dB LHCP-to-RHCP isolation bandwidths. Besides, the radiation patterns are stable and symmetric. The in-band gain varies within 1 dB. The proposed LRA is a promising candidate for applications in differential wireless communication systems of multiple circular polarization.","PeriodicalId":51059,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters","volume":"24 5","pages":"1183-1187"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143918731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jinghao Li;Wanchen Yang;Yuji Liu;Wenjie Feng;Quan Xue;Wenquan Che
{"title":"66–76 GHz High-Isolation 1-D Wide-Angle Scanning Phased Array Antenna With Bent-Wall Structures","authors":"Jinghao Li;Wanchen Yang;Yuji Liu;Wenjie Feng;Quan Xue;Wenquan Che","doi":"10.1109/LAWP.2025.3529596","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LAWP.2025.3529596","url":null,"abstract":"In this letter, a millimeter-wave wide-angle scanning phased array antenna based on low-temperature co-fired ceramics is proposed. First, metal grounded vias and metal plates are introduced around the patch antenna to form a bent wall, which can broaden the E-plane beamwidth from 100° to 118° at 66 GHz to 76 GHz. Based on the wide-beam element, a 4 × 4 array is constructed with a spacing of only 0.38λ<sub>0</sub>, and a Π-shaped decoupling structure is introduced between adjacent elements to construct a planar coupling cancelation path with equal magnitude and opposite phase, which can increase the isolation from 15 dB to 20 dB. In addition, two rows of dummy elements are loaded along the E-plane on both sides of the array to improve the maximum scanning angle to ±71°, with the gain attenuation within 2 dB. The antenna prototypes are fabricated and the measured and simulated results are highly consistent, indicating the proposed phased array antenna is a favorable candidate for 6G applications.","PeriodicalId":51059,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters","volume":"24 5","pages":"1193-1197"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143918815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}